• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.324-339
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to valuate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the 5C Psychological Antecedents of Vaccination (K-5C) scale. Methods: The English version of the 5C scale was translated into Korean, following the World Health Organization guidelines. Data were collected from 316 community-dwelling adults. Content validity was evaluated using the content validity index, while construct validity was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was examined by assessing the correlation with vaccination attitude, and concurrent validity was evaluated by examining the association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination status. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were also evaluated. Results: Content validity results indicated an item-level content validity index ranging from .83 to 1, and scale-level content validity index, averaging method was .95. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the fit of the measurement model, comprising a five-factor structure with a 15-item questionnaire (RMSEA = .05, SRMR = .05, CFI = .97, TLI = .96). Convergent validity was acceptable with a significant correlation between each sub-scale of the 5C scale and vaccination attitude. In concurrent validity evaluation, confidence, constraints, and collective responsibility of the 5C scale were significant independent predictors of the current COVID-19 vaccination status. Cronbach's alpha for each subscale ranged from .78 to .88, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for each subscale ranged from .67 to .89. Conclusion: The Korean version of the 5C scale is a valid and reliable tool to assess the psychological antecedents of vaccination among Korean adults.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.175-191
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• 2022

A review of previous studies shows that although there is a considerable difference between buckling loads of structures under follower and non-follower lateral loads, only the buckling load of FGM elliptical cylindrical shell under non-follower lateral load was investigated in the literature. This study is the first to obtain the buckling load of elliptical FGM cylindrical shells under follower lateral load and also make a comparison between buckling loads of elliptical FGM cylindrical shells under follower and non-follower lateral loads. Moreover, this research is the first one to derive the load potential function of elliptical cylindrical shell. In this regard, the FGM cylindrical elliptical shell was modeled using the semi-analytical finite strip method and based on the First Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT). The shell is discretized by strip elements aligned in the longitudinal direction. The Lagrangian and harmonic shape functions were considered in the circumference and longitudinal directions, respectively. The buckling pressure of the shell under follower and non-follower lateral loads was obtained from eigenvalue problem. The results obtained from the model were compared with those presented in the literature to evaluate the validity of the model. A comparison index was defined to compare the buckling loads of the shell under follower and non-follower lateral load. A parametric study was carried out to investigate the effects of material properties and shell geometry characteristics on the comparison index. For the elliptical cylindrical shells with length-to-radius ratio greater than 16 and major-to-minor axis ratio greater than 0.6, the comparison index reaches to more than 20 percent which is significant. Moreover, the maximum difference is about 30 percent in some cases. The results obtained from the parametric study indicate that the buckling load of long elliptical cylindrical shell under non-follower load is not reliable.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.80-93
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• 2012

Recent studies have reported that the glycemic index (GI) has an effect on developing the risk for metabolic abnormalities such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. As there are no reliable GI values for common Korean foods, only a few studies have been carried out using the dietary GI for Korean adults. The aim of this study was to establish a table of GI values for common Korean foods and evaluate dietary glycemic index (DGI) and dietary glycemic load (DGL) among the Korean adult population. International tables of GI values and other published values were used to tabulate GI values for common Korean foods. Among 653 food items, 149 (22.8%) were adapted from published data, 60 (9.2%) were imputed from similar foods, and 444 (68.0%) were assigned a zero. Data from 7,940 subjects aged 20 years and older in the 2007-2008 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were obtained, and DGI and DGL were calculated. The average DGI was 60.0 and the average DGL was 182.5 when the reference food GI value was glucose. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, DGI and DGL increased significantly according to age group (p for trend < 0.001). The food group that contributed most to DGL was grain and its products supplying 85.3% of total DGL, whereas the mean GI value in grain and its products was 72.6. Fruits and potatoes also contributed to DGL (5.8 and 2.9%, respectively), and their GIs were high (67.7 for potatoes and 45.8 for fruits). For individual food items, white rice supplied 66.7% of total GI followed by glutinous rice (2.3%) and steamed white rice cakes (2.0%). In conclusion, a table of GI values for 653 common food items was established in which white rice was the most contributing item to DGL. Our results will be useful to examine the relationships between DGI, DGL, and metabolic abnormalities in the Korean population.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

The necessity of future index is increasing to predict the future location of moving objects promptly for various location-based services. A representative research topic related to future index is the probability trajectory prediction technique that improves reliability using the past trajectory information of moving objects in the road network environment. However, the prediction performance of this technique is lowered by the heavy load of extensive future trajectory search in long-range future queries, and its index maintenance cost is high due to the frequent update of future trajectory. Thus, this paper proposes the Probability Cell Trajectory-Tree (PCT-Tree), a cell-based future indexing technique for efficient long-range future location prediction. The PCT-Tree reduces the size of index by rebuilding the probability of extensive past trajectories in the unit of cell, and improves the prediction performance of long-range future queries. In addition, it predicts reliable future trajectories using information on past trajectories and, by doing so, minimizes the cost of communication resulting from errors in future trajectory prediction and the cost of index rebuilding for updating future trajectories. Through experiment, we proved the superiority of the PCT-Tree over existing indexing techniques in the performance of long-range future queries.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.188-192
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• 2003

The modal characteristics of the photonic crystal fibers are analyzed using the reliable and efficient plane wave expansion method. The mode profile, effective index and group velocity dispersion are obtained by solving Maxwell's vector wave equations without any approximation. The zero dispersion condition of a photonic crystal fiber is derived over a wide range of wavelengths. Higher-order modes are also easily found as a by-product of the plane wave expansion method. This method can be used to quickly and accurately design various optical properties of photonic crystal fibers.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2015

Background: This paper describes the development of a scale for measuring safety climate. Methods: This study was conducted in six manufacturing companies in Iran. The scale developed through conducting a literature review about the safety climate and constructing a question pool. The number of items was reduced to 71 after performing a screening process. Results: The result of content validity analysis showed that 59 items had excellent item content validity index (${\geq}0.78$) and content validity ratio (> 0.38). The exploratory factor analysis resulted in eight safety climate dimensions. The reliability value for the final 45-item scale was 0.96. The result of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the safety climate model is satisfactory. Conclusion: This study produced a valid and reliable scale for measuring safety climate in manufacturing companies.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 1999

Diffuse radio emission in Abell 2256 was detected above 3 $\sigma$ with DRAO observations at 1420 MHz. The halo size is $\~13' {\times}10' (\~1h^{-1}_{50}\;Mpc$) in full extent and is elongated along a position angle of about $112^{\circ}$. The total flux density contained in the halo is 30$\pm$10 mJy at 1420 MHz and its spectral index is -2.04$\pm$0.04, showing no evidence for steepening up to 1420 MHz. Using the size estimate, yields a more reliable equipartition magnetic field strength which is $0.34(1 + k)^{2/7}{\mu}G$. In addition, five new radio sources are identified.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 2011

Vibration monitoring is required for reliable thermosonic testing to decide whether sufficient vibration is achieved in each test for the detection of cracks. From a practical point of view, a cheaper and convenient monitoring method is better for the application to real tests. Therefore, the performance of different sensors for vibration monitoring was investigated and compared in this study to find a convenient and acceptable measurement method for thermosonics. Velocity measured by a laser vibrometer and strain provide an equivalent HI when measured at the same position. The microphone can provide a cheaper vibration monitoring device than the laser and the heating index calculated by a microphone signal shows similar characteristics to that calculated from velocity measured by the laser vibrometer. The microphone frequency response shows that it underestimates high frequency components but it is applicable to practical tests because it gives a conservative value of HI.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 1997

The corrosion problems in water distribution system are reduced by decreasing the agressivity of drinking water which is evaluated by marble test and saturation indices(LSI or CCPP etc.). Marble test is a reliable method to determine the actual saturation condition of treated water. This study was done to determined the aggressivity of tap water and the effectiveness of $Ca(OH)_2$ and NaOH dosage for corrosion control. The drinking water in Seoul were evaluated by marble test and Langelier Index(LSI) and Calcium Carbonate Precipitation Potential(CCPP). The results indicated that the drinking water in Seoul were undersaturated as Calcium Carbonate($CaCO_3$). The LSI and CCPP of the water treated with $Ca(OH)_2$ were higher than that of water treated with NaOH. Therefore, to increase the Alkalinity and Calcium Hardness for corrosion control in water distribution system, $Ca(OH)_2$ is more effective than NaOH.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.165-168
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• 2005

In this study, emissivity and land surface temperature (LST) were retrieved using the previously developed algorithms and Aqua/MODIS data. And sensitivity of estimated emissivity and LST to the predefined values, such as land cover, normalized difference vegetation index (NOVI) and spectral emissivity were investigated. The methods used for emissivity and LST were vegetation cover method (VCM) and four different split-window algorithms. The spectral emissivity retrieved by VCM was not sensitive to the NOVI error but more sensitive to the land cover error. The comparison of LST showed that the LST was systematically different without regard to the land cover and season. And the LST was very sensitive to the emissivity error excepting the Uliveri et al. This preliminary result indicates that more works are needed for the retrieval of reliable LST from satellite data.