• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.13 no.1 s.19
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• pp.85-92
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• 2007

To evaluate the suitability and effectiveness of the questionnaire concerning personal properties on 'pattern of speech and activity' according to the Sasang constitution that were used in Iksan Wonkwang Oriental Medicine, we analyzed the data of 1,335 patients obtained through the electronic chart in the aspect of 'relative discrimination ability' to Sasang constitutions and 'response ratio' using statistical Package SPSS. In categories of 'speech pattern', No.2 (speak mildly and softly) was effectively discriminating Soeum type. No.4 (talkative) and No.7 (speak fast) were effective factors for the discrimination of Soyang type, though No.4 (talkative) was needed to be improved in response ratio. The category of 'activity pattern' has shown high response ratio but low discriminating power. However, No.2 (keep staying home but avoid going out) in this category was effectively discriminating Soeum type. The discriminating power of 'pattern of speech and activity' for the age group less than 20 years old was too low, so it is necessary to develop the questionnaire for the elementary to high school students as well as for the preschoolers.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.111-120
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• 2012

PURPOSES : This study is to suggest suitable lighting facility installation plans by finding out driver's preference for combination of lighting facility installation among landscape factors that affect driver visibility in tunnels. METHODS : SD method is used to extract emotional factors that affect drivers' preference, Components of tunnel lighting facility installation are evaluated through conjoint analysis and it suggested relative importance of attributes and utility values. RESULTS : In the aspects of satisfaction levels of components of tunnel lighting facility installation, Tunnel side, two lows, and solid line arrangement type has the highest level of satisfaction. Extract emotional factors that affect drivers' preference are "safety", "openness" and "amenity." In addition, the result of analyzing relative importance of attributes of tunnel lighting facility shows that numbers of lighting array has the highest importance and lighting facility arrangement has the lowest importance. Result of analyzing partial utility shows that the 2 low type among number of lows, the solid line arrangement type between arrangement types, placing in the middle part among lighting facility arrangement were highly preferred. CONCLUSIONS : In the case of lighting numbers, utility values of the first line and the second line showed us a big difference. Increasing the number arrays in the future reformation of lighting facility installation combination will be effective in enhancing the utility of the driver.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.60-70
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• 1993

In this study, the environment variations and distributions in different types of greenhouses were measured and analyzed. The elements of environment analyzed were temperature, relative humidity, illumination, carbon dioxide and wind velocity. The analyzed greenhouse types were auto-multi type which has an automatic environment control system and multiple continuous arches, regular-multi type which has an temperature control system and multiple continuous arches, and single arch type which has no environment control system without manual temperature keeping method. The results of this study can be used for the greenhouse building and managements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.182-189
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• 2012

This study suggests a dynamic design process for deciding properly design parameters of a mass-spring type Wave Energy Converter (WEC) to achieve sufficient energy conversion from wave to power generator. The WEC mechanism, in this research, consists of a rigid sprung body, a platform, suspension springs and dampers. The rigid sprung body is supported on the platform via springs and dampers and vibrates translationally in the heave direction under wave excitation. At last the resulting heave motion of the sprung body is transmitted to rotating motion of the electric generator by rack and pinion, and transmission gears. For the purpose of vibration analysis, the WEC mechanism has been simply modelled as a mass-spring-damper system under harmonic base excitation. Its maximum displacement transmissibility and steady state response can be determined by using elementary vibration theory if the harmonic ocean wave data were provided. With the vibration analysis results, the suggested dynamic design process of WEC can determine all the design parameters of the WEC mechanism, such as sprung body mass, suspension spring constant, and damping coefficient that can give sufficient relative displacement transmissibility and the associated inertia moment to drive the electric generator and transmission gears.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.232-241
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• 1989

Two cytosol malate dehydrogenase allelomorphs are found in the Dark Chub, Zacco temmincki, a freshwater fish inhabiting Korean waters. Mdh-1MM(hereafter referred to as A-type) is distributed along the south and southeastern parts of Korea, whereas the B-type(Mdh-1MS) is found everywhere except the southeast. Several syrnpatric populations can be found in the southern areas with no hybridization between them. The pattern of geographic distribution would indicate that A-type is superior adaptation to colder water temperature; this is collaborated by evidence collected from a sympatric length of the Tongchon stream, Namhae. The relative warmth of the water along this portion of the stream's length was determined its altitude and the time of year. Frequency of B-types found was directly proportional to the relative warmth of the water and inversely proportional to the nurnber of A-types found in the sarne station. Current data tends to suggest that the B-type of Zacco temrnincki first differentiated from Zacco platypus approximately one million years ago (Yang et al., 1984) while A-type subsequently branched from B-type 300,000 years later(Yang and Mm, 1987) through a progressive adaptation toward colder temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.192-192
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• 1999

SIMS(Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry)는 다른 표면 분석장비와 비교하여^g , pp m,^g , pp b 단위의 미량분석이 가능한 장비로서, 특히 depth Profiling을 위한 dynamic SIMS는 Mass Spectrometer의 종류에 따라 Quadrupole SIMS (Q-SIMS)와, Magnetic Sector SIMS (M-SIMS)로 분류된다. 한편, Q-SIMS와 달리 M-SIMS의 경우, Transmission을 높여 주기 위해 Sample Holder에 수 keV의 bias를 걸어 주는데, 이로 인하여 분석 원소에 대한 Sensitivity가 향상되어 지는 반면, RSF의 변화와 같은 분석상의 Artifact가 발생하게 된다. 일반적으로 Q-SIMS의 경우에는 RSF의 RSD(Relative Standard Deviation)가 1%이내에서 보고되고 있지만 M-SIMS에 있어서는 이러한 Deviation이 M-SIMS보다 크게 나타난다. 이 차이는 주로 Sample Holder와 Immersion Lens 사이에 형성되는 Magnetic Field의 왜곡과 Spectrometer의 문제로부터 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 Sample Holder의 종류 및 holder so window 위치에 따라 RSF의 차이를 측정하고 그 data를 RS/1 통계 Package를 이용하여 계량적으로 검증하였으며, 그 차이의 원인과 대책을 제시하고자 한다. 실험에 사용된 Sample은 Si(100) p-type Wafer에 Boron을 이온 주입하여 제작하였다. 이온 주입 장비는 Varian E-500HP이며, 5.0E13 ions/cm2의 dose양을 80keV의 Energy로 각각 7도와 22도의 Tilt와 Twist Angle로 이온 주입을 하였다. SIMS분석에 사용된 Sample Holder는 각각 3 Hole, 9 Hole Type HOlder이며, 분석은 Cameca IMS-6f를 사용하여 B에 대한 Matrix Peak으로 28Si++를 얻었다. 실험 결과 3 Hole Type Sample Holder의 경우 RSF의 RSD는 5.84%, 9Hle Type Sample Holder의 경우는 14.3%로 나타났으나 분석 Window의 위치에 따르는 Grouping을 실시한 결과, 3 Hole Type Sample Holder의 경우 1.2%, 9Hole Type Sample Holder의 경우 9.8%로 RSF의 변화가 감소하였다. 이러한 Deviation은 Sample Holder를 Mount시킬 때 세 개의 Screw를 이용하여 Immersion Lens와의 평형을 잡아주기 때문에 발생하며, 이 Munting을 정확히 해줌으로써 RSF의 변화를 줄일 수 있으나, 실제로 완벽한 Mounting이 불가능하기 때문에 RSF를 일정하게 하기 위해서는 Sample Holder so Window의 취치를 일정하게 설정한 후 분석을 실시해야 한다고 판단된다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.207-210
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• 2017

The suspension arrangement of insulators provides flexibility and assists in power transmission in transmission lines. The performance of the insulator string is strongly influenced by the environmental conditions to which it is exposed, its shape and the inherent material properties of suspension-type insulators. The suspension-type insulators are mostly made from glass, porcelain and ceramic material due to their high resistivity. Irregularity in charge distribution throughout the porcelain insulator may lead to accelerated aging and electrical breakdown. A very high and steep lightning impulse voltage may also cause breakdown of suspension-type insulators. We investigated various material characteristics such as alumina addition, surface morphology, x-ray diffraction pattern and relative density of suspension porcelain insulators manufactured in 1989 (36,000 lbs.), 1995 (36,000 lbs.) and 2001 (36,000 lbs.) by the KRI Company for use in 154 kV high power transmission lines. We compared the material characteristics of these porcelain insulators with that of the top-of-the-line porcelain insulators (36,000 lbs.) manufactured by the NGK Company in 2000. These suspension-type porcelain insulators were exposed to arc and flashover tests to examine their electrical and mechanical strength. It was noted that alumina addition (17 wt.%) for K-2001 was one of the major contributors to the enhancement of the performance of the porcelain insulators and to their ability to withstand very high current generation during the arc test. The porcelain insulators manufactured during 2001 also showed the highest relative density of 95.8% as compared to the other insulators manufactured in 1989 and 1995 respectively 94.2% and 91.5%. We also discuss reports of various failure modes of suspension-type porcelain insulators.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 2021

Agricultural corrugated fiberboard packaging boxes frequently experience damage due to loading and unloading, vibration during transport, and shock by dynamic distribution condition change. This study was carried out to estimate effect of vibration during distribution process on compression strength of corrugated fiberboard boxes for agricultural products. In order to identify the degradation caused by vibration, after box packaging the agricultural products(tangerine or cucumber), the natural frequencies of the packaging boxes were measured by varying the relative humidity(50, 70 and 90%) at 25℃ temperature. Various types of corrugated fiberboard boxes were packed with tangerines and cucumbers, and the PSD plot vibration tests were conducted by utilizing the actual vibration recording results of the Gyeongbu Expressway section between Seoul and Gimcheon. As a result of the experiment, the decrease in compression strength of the box was relatively low in DW-AB, and the decrease in compression strength of the SW-A 0201(RSC) type box was the highest at 20.49%. In particular, both SW-A and DW-AB showed low compression strength degradation rates for open folder type boxes. The moisture content varies depending on the type of the box or agricultural products, and the enclosed 0201(RSC) type box was generally higher than the open folder or bliss type box, which is believed to be the reason for the decrease in compression strength of RSC type box due to humidity. By the agricultural product, the percentage of decrease in compression strength of box packed with cucumbers was especially high.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1729-1737
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• 2002

A mathematical model for the prediction of carbon-dioxide absorption rate during the transient state of rotary type absorber is developed. The rotary type absorber operates using a fast rotating porous structure and clean water. The model for the transient state rotary type absorbers is based on the steady state model of packed tower absorber. The paper manipulates the operating data of an arbitrary quasi-steady state condition of rotary type absorber for the determination of the coefficients involved in the model developed. The prediction accuracy is evaluated from the measured data of rotary type absorber operated under fast transient state. The measured data include the mole fraction of carbon dioxide in mixed gas and the pressure of absorber. The relative error in carbon dioxide prediction is estimated to be 20% at maximum. The model is successfully applied for the prediction of the behavior of a closed cycle diesel engine.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.39-47
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate two different kinds of t-shirts on thermal responses at air temperature of $23{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, relative humidity of $70{\pm}5%$ and wind velocity not more than 0.5 m/sec. Five healthy men wearing boxy type t-shirts or fitted type t-shirts, participated as the subjects. Rectal temperature, skin temperatures, heart rate, clothing microclimate and subjective sensation were measured every 2 minute during experiment(rest, walking, recovery each 20 min.) and compared between two experimental garments(boxy type and fitted type t-shirts). Rectal temperature was lower in recovery phase at wearing fitted type t-shirts. Chest skin temperature was higher at wearing fitted type t-shirts and thigh and leg skin temperature were higher at wearing boxy type t-shirts.