• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-29
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• 2014

Relativization is one of the common syntactic operations to merge two different clauses into a single information unit. This operation plays a pivotal role to structuralize multiple clauses cohesively as well as serves to specify the property an individual has within the context. That implies that relativization contributes to information structure of multiclausal sentences. In this context, this paper delves into information structure of relative clauses in English with an eye toward creation of a computational model from a standpoint of machine translation. The current work employs Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG, Pollard and Sag (1994)) as a theory of grammar and Minimal Recursion Semantics (MRS, Copestake et al. (2005) as a meaning representation system. Building upon these formalisms, this paper addresses how information structure of relative clauses can be represented and constrained. The current work makes use of Individual CONStraints (ICONS) for modeling relative clauses with respect to information structure. The current work also investigates which relative clause involves which information structure constraint. The present study argues that non-restrictive relative clauses impose a more specific constraint on information structure than restrictive relative clauses.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제27권3_4호
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• pp.591-601
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• 2009

In the present paper, one new generalized 'useful' information generating function and two new relative 'useful' information generating functions have been defined with their particular and limiting cases. It is interesting to note that differentiations of these information generating functions at t=0 or t=1 give some known and unknown generalized measures of useful information and 'useful' relative information. The information generating functions facilitates to compute various measures and that has been illustrated by applying these information generating functions for Uniform, Geometric and Exponential probability distributions.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.625-631
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• 2011

This paper presents a discrete-time output feedback consensus algorithm for Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). Under the assumption that an agent is aware of the relative state information about its neighbors, a state feedback consensus algorithm is designed based on Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) method. In general, however, it is possible to obtain its relative output information rather than the relative state information. To reconcile this problem, an Unknown Input Observer (UIO) is employed in this paper. To this end, first it is shown that the relative state information can be estimated using the UIO and the measured relative output information. Then a certainty-equivalence type output feedback consensus algorithm is proposed by combining the LMI-based state feedback consensus algorithm with the UIO. Finally, simulation results are given to illustrate that the proposed method successfully achieves the state consensus.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.218-223
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• 2010

Discussion and analysis about relative mutual information has been carried out through fuzzy entropy and similarity measure. Fuzzy relative mutual information measure (FRIM) plays an important part as a measure of information shared between two fuzzy pattern vectors. This FRIM is analyzed and explained through similarity measure between two fuzzy sets. Furthermore, comparison between two measures is also carried out.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2022

문서에는 상대적인 시간표현이 포함되어있으며, 이를 다루기 위한 시간표현 체계를 구축하고 상대시간정보를 추출하는 모델을 개발하는 것은 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 timex3 태그에서 상대적인 시간표현의 정규값을 담을 수 있도록 하기 위해 연, 월, 일, 주, 시, 분, 초 단위에 대하여 총 7가지의 새로운 속성을 새롭게 제시하였으며, 이전, 이후, 번째 등에 대한 정규값의 기술방법도 함께 제시하였다. 또한, 새롭게 추가된 속성들의 정규값을 추출하는 규칙 모음을 설계하였다. 추가된 속성들을 바탕으로 구축한 데이터셋은 일상대화, 뉴스, 역사와 관련된 총 1,041개의 문서를 포함하고 있으며, 본 연구에서 설계한 규칙 모음을 전체 데이터셋에 대하여 적용하여 전반적으로 70% 이상의 정확도를 보이는 것을 확인하였다. 특히, 데이터셋에 자주 등장한 상대시간표현인 year, day, week 속성에 대한 성능이 비교적 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과물인 추가적인 timex3 속성과 규칙기반 모델은 질의응답시스템, 챗봇 등의 서비스 개발에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1269-1279
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• 2008

Data mining is the technique to find useful information in huge databases. One of the well-studied problems in data mining is exploration for association rules. An association rule technique finds the relation among each items in massive volume databases by several interestingness measures. An important and useful classification scheme of interestingness measures may be based on user-involvement. This results in two categories - objective and subjective measures. This paper present some relative interestingess measures to compare with degrees of association for two groups. A comparative study with some relative interestingness measures is shown by numerical example. The results show that the relative net confidence is the best relative interestingness measure.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2016

Purpose - This study aims to empirically verify the impact of media richness, social presence, and prior life satisfaction on various continual usage or withdrawal behaviors of SNS users via both a positive path of satisfaction and a negative path of relative deprivation. By identifying these causal paths, we observe dynamic interactions of SNS user psychology in a balanced view, and provide some implications about design principles for SNS providers. Research design, data, and methodology - We developed 16 hypothesis based on media richness theory, social presence theory, social comparison theory, the literature about relative deprivation, and the literature about the various reactions of IS users. The rich SNS media, social presence recognition among peer SNS users, and prior life satisfaction could generate positive experience, attitude, and virtuous behavioral intentions among SNS users. At the same time, rich media, low social presence, and low prior life satisfaction could generate relative deprivation and could increase withdrawal behavioral intentions such as refusal to provide information, misrepresentation of information, and removal of uploaded information in SNS. Scenario surveys were conducted to collect data from potential SNS users. Data from 357 surveys were collected and analyzed through a PLS algorithm to test the hypotheses. Results - Media richness, social presence, and prior life satisfaction could significantly increase perceived enjoyment, satisfaction, and behavioral intention of continual usage and knowledge sharing. They also could significantly decrease refusal and misrepresentation intention. Relative deprivation is significantly decreased only by prior life satisfaction. Relative deprivation could not significantly decrease satisfaction, but it could significantly increase misrepresentation and removal intention, which could be regarded as information distortion intention. Conclusions - SNS providers should focus on developing rich media and social presence support because these two variables could impact the positive experiences of SNS users. Moreover, the positive experiences could heavily influence SNS user behavior. Some management is needed to prevent relative deprivation and its consequences of misrepresentation and removal intention. SNS providers should prevent SNS users from excessive image misrepresentation and removal as this information distortion could be the source of relative deprivation.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1345-1352
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• 2014

데이터마이닝 기법 중에서 연관성 규칙은 연관성 평가 기준을 기반으로 하여 데이터베이스에 포함되어 있는 항목들 간의 관련성을 탐색하는 기법이다. 일반적인 연관성 규칙 기법과는 달리 역의 연관성 규칙은 하나의 항목집합이 발생하지 않으면 다른 항목집합도 발생하지 않는다는 규칙을 찾아내는 것이다. 이러한 역의 연관성 규칙을 일반적인 연관성 규칙과 함께 생성하면 기업체에서 특정 제품을 판매하기 위해서는 그 제품만의 마케팅뿐만 아니라 더 나아가 어떤 제품의 마케팅이 필요한 지에 대한 정보를 파악할 수 있다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 이러한 두 종류의 연관성 규칙에 적용 가능한 균형화된 기여 상대적 규칙 정확도를 연관성 평가 기준으로 제안하고자 한다. 또한 Piatetsky-Shapiro (1991)가 제안한 흥미도 측도가 가져야 할 조건들을 점검한 후, 예제를 통하여 제안된 측도와 연관성 규칙에 적용 가능한 의학진단분야의 평가 측도들의 유용성을 비교하였다. 그 결과, 기여 상대적 정확도와 역의 기여 상대적 정확도의 크기가 다르게 나타나면 연관성의 정도를 명확하게 설명하기가 어려우므로 이들 두 측도를 동시에 고려한 균형화된 기여 상대적 규칙 정확도를 이용하는 것이 가장 바람직하다는 사실을 확인하였다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2009

In this paper, we review the utility-based generalization of the Shannon entropy and Kullback-Leibler information measure as the U-entropy and the U-relative entropy that was introduced by Friedman et al. (2007). Then, we derive some relations between the U-relative entropy and other information measures based on a parametric family of utility functions.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2004

We propose a simple nonparametric estimator of relative risk in the two sample case of the proportional hazards model for complete data. The asymptotic distribution of this estimator is derived using a functional equation. We obtain the asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator and compare with Begun's estimator by confidence interval through simulations.