• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2020

The paper examines the dynamic relationship of domestic credit and stock market liquidity on the economic growth of the Philippines from 1995 to 2018 applying the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to cointegration, together with Granger causality test based on vector error correction model (VECM). The ARDL model indicated a long-run relationship of domestic credit and stock market liquidity on GDP growth. When the GDP per capita is the dependent variable there is weak cointegration. Also, the Johansen cointegration test confirmed the existence of long-run relationship of domestic credit and stock market liquidity both on GDP growth and GDP per capita. The VECM concludes a long-run causality running from domestic credit and stock market liquidity to GDP growth. At levels, domestic credit has significant short-run causal relationship with GDP growth. As for stock market liquidity at first lag, has significant short-run causal relationship with GDP growth. With regards to VECM for GDP per capita, domestic credit and stock market liquidity indicates no significant dynamic adjustment to a new equilibrium if a disturbance occurs in the whole system. At levels, the results indicated the presence of short-run causality from stock market liquidity and GDP per capita. The CUSUMSQ plot complements the findings of the CUSUM plot that the estimated models for GDP growth and GDP per capita were stable.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.10 no.2 s.23
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2004

This study tried to construct a direction in regional planning concerning the structural relationship between the ratio of aged population and the industrial characteristics. We investigated this structural relationship incorporating the aged population index and the number of classified companies. We applied diverse statistical analyses to understand the relationship. We classified the number of companies to reflect regional industrial characteristics using the principal component analysis. We applied a multiple regression model to understand the relationship between these two indices. The aged population index represents the degree of being old divided by the ratio of juvenile population and aged population. We found that such industries as manufacturing, service, and conveyance increase the ratio of juvenile population. However, industries such as tourism, waterworks, forestry, agriculture and etc. have a positive effect on the aged population index. In addition to these findings, we believe that the efficacy of this study is the possibility that can be used as the basic data when central or local autonomous entities need to adopt rural development planning.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.59-72
• /
• 2021

Based on the theory of adolescent development, the study analyzed how the relationship among elementary school students and their parents and intimacy between the parents affects elementary school children's gaming disorders. The current study focused on the different gender effects and the relationship between parents. The results indicated that the closer the relationship with the mother of elementary school girls and the better the relationship between the parents of boys were associated with the lower the gaming disorder. The significance of study is to analyze the importance of the relationship between parents in preventing gaming disorder.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.18 no.3 s.47
• /
• pp.99-114
• /
• 2000

This study investigated the relations among parent-child relationship, school adjustment and self-concept in adolescence. In addition, interaction effects of parent-child relationship and school adjustment on adolescent self-concept were examined. The major results of this study were as follows: 1. Parent-child relationship and school adjustment were positively associated with self-esteem. The better parent-child relationships they perceive, the higher self-concept they have. The better school adjustment they experience, the higher self-concept they have. 2. There were interaction effects of parent-child relationships and school adjustment on self-concept. Adolescents whose parent-child relationships were poor had higher self-concept when they adjusted to school well. There were little differences in self-concept as a function of the school adjustment when their parent-child relationships were good. These findings indicate that experience in the family and school domains interact in their associations with adolescent self-concept.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.5-17
• /
• 2016

Objective: This study focused on the longitudinal associations between self-esteem and peer relationships in Korean adolescents while considering gender and timing-early and late adolescence-differences. Methods: The study made use of data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. Three waves of data collected from 2,351 adolescents were analyzed by means of autoregressive cross-lagged modeling. Results: The results indicated that self-esteem predicted subsequent changes in peer relationship but not vice versa. Further, the results that longitudinal associations between self-esteem and peer relationships differed between male and female adolescents and between early and late adolescence. Conclusion: The findings revaluated the longitudinal relationship between self-esteem and peer relationships. Both gender and timing should be considered when planning interventions related issues about self-esteem and peer relationships in adolescence.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.60 no.7
• /
• pp.203-207
• /
• 2017

Chorioamnionitis is an inflammation in the fetal membranes or placenta. When chorioamnionitis develops, fetal lungs are exposed to inflammatory cytokines and mediators via amniotic fluid. Because inflammation plays a pivotal role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of prematurity, fetal lung inflammation induced by chorioamnionitis has been considered to be one of the major pathogenetic factors for BPD. Although there have been a number of studies that demonstrated the relationship between chorioamnionitis and BPD, there are still controversies on this issue. The controversies on the relationship between chorioamnionitis and BPD arise from not-unified definitions of chorioamnionitis and BPD, different study populations, and the proportion of contribution between inflammation and infectious microorganisms. The publication bias also contributes to the controversies. Clinical trials targeting chorioamnionitis or microorganisms that cause chorioamnionitis will answer on the actual relationship between chorioamnionitis and BPD and provide a novel prophylactic strategy against BPD based on that relationship.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.43-61
• /
• 2004

Recently It becomes a rapidly growing concern to find effective ways of managing IS development projects as the projects increase in many organization. This paper focuses on developing an integrative management framework for IS development project in contingent perspective. The framework is based upon contingent relationship between management dimensions of IS development project and the characteristics of the task replaced or supported by an IS. Management dimensions of IS development consist of mode, content and process. Task characteristics which are considered as contingent variables include project size, unstructuredness level, hierarchical level, interdependence level and system innovativeness level. The data used for validating this conceptual framework are collected from 119 IS development projects in 70 Korean business organizations. One-way ANOVA and T-test are employed to test the hypotheses.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.143-161
• /
• 2015

This study aims to examine the relationship between mothers' attachment levels, types of verbal control, and infants' language development. The selected participants comprised 224 infants, aged 24-35 months and their mothers (224) at 25 long day care centers located Goyang-si, Gimpo-si in Gyeonggi-do, Incheon and Seoul. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, there were significant differences in mothers' attachment levels, types of verbal control, and infants' language development depending on the mothers' employment status. Secondly, to assess the relative influences of two variables which were significantly associated with infants' language development, the sociodemographic variables of mothers and infants, including infants' age and mothers' employment status, were controlled in order to conduct hierarchical regression analysis. The results revealed that imperative-oriented verbal controls, person-oriented verbal controls, and contact seeking all influenced infants' overall language development.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.57-68
• /
• 2019

This paper was done as an exploratory study aiming to identify the relationship between small group characteristic factors and perceived performance in the Village Development Committee (VDC) in Saemaul Undong project in Laos. The data were gathered from 166 members in 17 VDCs in Vientian province, however 135 questionnaires were used in analysis. Structure Equation Model was applied in the analysis with Amos 21. The major finding of this study were as follows; firstly decision making was more influenced by task cohesion than social cohesion, secondly organizational citizen behavior was influenced by both task cohesion and social cohesion. However, social cohesion had more influence than task cohesion, thirdly the VDC members learned their technical knowledge from decision-making process, and influenced to their perceived performance level and to VDC sustainablity, and fourthly in overall, committee members implemented their jobs based on task-oriented.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.24 no.7
• /
• pp.93-106
• /
• 2020

Purpose - This paper aims to examine the environmental effects of South Korean foreign trade, and the changing relationship between industrial "three wastes" emissions and foreign trade. Design/methodology - Based on time series data of South Korean foreign trade and industrial "three wastes" from 2009 to 2019, a VAR model was used to analyze the long-term internal links and dynamic changes between foreign trade and environmental pollution. Findings - Variance decomposition analysis shows that for the three types of pollutants, self-impact contributes the most to the variance decomposition. It follows that South Korean foreign trade has a certain negative impact on the environment, and this impact has a certain sustainability. Originality/value - This paper contributes to the study on the relationship between foreign trade and environmental pollution. It theoretically proposes a coordinated development path for foreign trade development and green development based on the environmental impact of foreign trade, to provide a reference for the development of collaborative promotion.