• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.921-926
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors associated with gingival bleeding(GB) by tooth brushing in college students. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 232 college students in Daegu Health College from March to June, 2014. Data were analyzed for frequency, chi square test, and logistic regression analysis using SPSS 12.0 program. The study was a cross sectional study. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects(gender, age, marital status, and smoking), frequency and duration of tooth brushing, scaling experience, and physical health status. Self-reporting hemorrhage was reported by yes or no. Frequency of tooth brushing was documented as the number of behavior. Above 4 times of tooth brushing was defined as 4. Duration of tooth brushing was documented as minute. Above 4 minutes, it was recorded as 4. In physical health status, 1 is feeling weak and 4 is feeling very healthy. Cronbach alpha was 0.82 in the study. Results: There were significant relationships between gingival bleeding and age(p<0.05), subjective health(p<0.01), tooth brushing frequency(p<0.05) and duration(p<0.05) by chi square test. Logistic regression analysis showed that the age(p<0.05), subjective health(p<0.01), tooth brushing frequency(p<0.05) and duration(p<0.05) were associated with gingival bleeding. Prevalence of gingival bleeding in 20 years was 0.62(odds ratio 1.85, 95% CI 1.00~3.43) and it was higher than that in 10 years. Prevalence of gingival bleeding in good health group was -1.38 and it was lower than that in poor health group. Conclusions: The factors associated with gingival bleeding were age, subjective health, and tooth brushing frequency and time.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was related factors of oral health of scaling patients in dental hygiene department. Methods: The sample consisted of 218 at the scaling practice room of dental hygiene department in D College from March to November 2011. Chi-square test was used to analyze the relation the oral health behavior or oral hygiene and oral health, and losistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors asociated with oral health. Results: Scaling patients was 43.6% of the male and 56.4% of the women. Their age group was 79.8% of the twenty. Lately they was smoking status 69.7%. Brushing three times a day, 55.8% in male and female were 74.0% with significant differences(p=0.019). Kind of toothbrush "normal" the response was the highest, 45.3% male, 62.6% women were significantly higher in women(p=0.012). Toothbrushing educational experienced 33.7% men, women's educational experience rate of 52.8% was significantly higher(p=0.006), use of oral hygiene products education experienced 15.8% of the men and women 27.6% had significant difference(p=0.049). Scaling experience is not in the Dental plaque index the number of "bad" was significantly higher(p=0.035), toothbrushing educational experience is not in the Dental plaque index the number of "bad" and significantly higher(p=0.008) and Gingival bleeding index was significantly higher(p=0.033). Use of oral hygiene products educational experience if you do not have the number of the Dental plaque index "bad" were higher(p=0.011). Gingival bleeding index, affecting demographic variables were smoking(p=0.024). Dental plaque index the influence of experience with oral hygiene products factors(p=0.044) and gingival bleeding index was influenced Toothbrushing of educational experience(p=0.029). Conclusion: The results reported here confirm the factors associated with the oral health were education of oral hygiene products factors and Toothbrushing experience.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in oral health-related quality of life among elderly people aged over 65 years, in terms of physical, mental and oral health status and to analyze factors affecting their oral health-related quality of life. Methods: From May 9 to June 23, 2017, we randomly visited aged-care community centers in the metropolitan area, and recruited 222 elderly, aged 65 or older. First, each participant completed a questionnaire consisting of 4 general items: 1 systematic disease, and 3 subjective oral conditions. Afterwards, the researchers interviewed the participants to assess their mental status, using MMSE-DS and recorded the responses. Finally, an oral examination was performed to determine the number of remaining teeth. The average oral health-related quality of life according to each characteristic was analyzed by t-test and ANOVA. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis were used to analyze the correlations between factors and the factors affecting oral health-related quality of life. Results: The mean oral health-related quality of life was 4.15. Participants with 20 or more remaining teeth demonstrated better oral health-related quality of life than those with 19 or less teeth. Higher oral health-related quality of life was also found among elderly without gingival bleeding, self-reported halitosis and dry mouth. In addition, positive correlation with the number of remaining teeth and negative correlation with gingival bleeding, self-reported halitosis and dry mouth, were noted. Finally, the results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that remaining teeth, gingival bleeding, self-reported halitosis and education were influential factors in determining the oral health-related quality of life among the elderly. Conclusions: The results of this study confirmed the necessity of better policy support, and the importance of implementing delivered, elderly-centered oral health education program by professionals to prevent tooth loss and manage periodontal diseases.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2017

본 연구는 한국의 다문화가정 청소년의 잇몸질환과 관련된 융합적 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 2015년 청소년건강행태 온라인 조사 자료를 제공받아 그 중 698명이 수행되었다. 다문화가정은 어머니가 외국국적을 가진 자를 원칙으로 하였으며(일반적 특성, 구강위생, 구강보건행태) 기술통계와 카이제곱분석을 사용하였으며, 구강질환증상과의 연관성은 이분형 로지스틱 회귀분석이 사용되었다. 잇몸출혈은 여자에서 0.67(0.64-0.71), 고등학생에서 0.84(0.80-0.88), 경제 상태는 못사는 편에서 0.86(0.82-0.90), 행복인지에서는 행복안함에서 1.53(1.43-1.64), 학업성적은 못하는 편에서 1.08(1.03-1.13), 하루 잇솔질 횟수에서는 3회 이상에서 1.18(1.13-1.23)로 나타났지만 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 다문화가정 청소년들의 사회경제적 상태를 고려한다면, 구강질환예방을 위해 더욱더 구강보건교육이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2016

이번 연구는 영남대학교의료원 재활병동에 입원 중인 뇌졸중 환자 78명을 대상으로 구강위생 및 건강, 구강건강관련 삶의 질을 검사하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Gingival index는 3명(3.8%)의 대상자만이 정상소견에 해당하는 code 0의 상태를 보였으며 이외 대다수의 대상자는 치은의 출혈 소견을 의미하는 code 2 이상의 수치를 보였다. CPI code의 경우에는 42명(53.8%)의 대상자가 중등도 치주염 및 중증의 치주염을 의미하는 code 3 또는 4의 상태를 보였다. CPI에 따라 대상자를 분류한 결과 치주염이 심한 그룹이 그렇지 않은 그룹에 비해 교육수준이 낮고 흡연경험이 있었으며 잔사, 치석 지수 및 치은 건강이 유의하게 불량하였다. 구강건강관련 삶의 질은 일상생활수행도 및 인지능력과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해볼 때 재활병동에 입원 중인 뇌졸중 환자의 구강위생 상태는 개선할 필요가 있으며 이를 바탕으로 뇌졸중 환자의 구강건강의 악화를 방지하며 나아가 환자의 전신적 회복에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.620-632
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• 2009

Objectives : The present study purposed to survey the oral health-related quality of life among elderly in metropolis Methods : We had individual interviews and oral survey using a questionnaire with 336 elderly who were using seniors' centers in Metropolitan City during the period from the $9^{th}$ to $31^{st}$ of July, 2007. Results : Factors of GOHAI showed the significant relation with types of health insurance, a large number of medication, perceived oral health status, perception of dental care needs those with pains in the temporomandibular joint, the number of natural teeth and the explanatory power or the final model was 25.5%. Factors of OHIP-14 showed the significant relation with types of health insurance, a large number of medication, perception of dental care needs those with pains in the temporomandibular joint, gingival bleeding, the number of natural teeth and the explanatory power or the final model was 26.6%. Conclusions : Oral health-related quality of life among elderly as factors by general characteristics of study subjects, by perceived heath status and oral health status, perceived oral symptoms and oral health status that were relevant. Accordingly, for the healthy maintenance of elders' natural teeth, it is considered necessary to develop and execute continuous oral health management systems and oral health education programs that promote preventive activities and enhance the perception of oral health.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.629-638
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• 2008

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to compare and quantify the expression of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 in the gingival tissues of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) and healthy adults with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Gingival tissue samples were obtained during periodontal surgery or tooth extraction. According to the patient's systemic condition & clinical criteria of gingiva, each gingival sample was devided into three groups. Group 1 (n=8) is clinically healthy gingiva without bleeding and no evidence of bone resorption or periodontal pockets, obtained from systemically healthy 8 patients. Group 2 (n=8) is inflammed gingiva from patients with chronic periodontitis. Group 3 (n=8) is inflammed gingiva from patients with chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 DM. Tissue samples were prepared and analyzed by Western blotting. The quantification of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 were performed using a densitometer and statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. Results: In the analysis of expression levels, Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 expressions were similar in group 1 and 2. Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 expressions was more increased in group 3 than group 1, 2. The difference between group 3 and group 1, 2 was statistically significant. Also, in the interrelationship of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 expressions, expressions of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 showed increasing tendency in chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 DM and it seems that the MT-MMP-1 expressions were increasing in proportion to Stromelysin-1 expressions. Conclusion: It is suggested that Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 may be partly involved in the progression of periodontal inflammation associated with type 2 DM, as related to a metabolism of other factors, such as AGE, plasmin and other inflammatory mediators. Therefore, the expression levels of Stromelysin-1 and MT-MMP-1 can be inflammatory markers of periodontal inflammed tissue with type 2 DM.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2014

Objectives : This study aims to improve health and the quality of life of teenagers by identifying an association between the periodontal status and oral health behaviors of Korean teenagers using 2010 Korean National Oral Health Survey data. Methods : Subjects were teenagers aged from 12 to 15 in Korean National Oral Health Survey (KNOHS). The questionnaire consisted of periodontal status, general characteristics, periodontal related factors, and oral health related behaviors. Results : Gingival bleeding was found in 56.9% of teenagers because unhealthy periodontal status and tartars were found. Those who were 15 years old had unhealthier periodontal status than those who aged 12 years old. Those who lived in rural areas tended to have worse periodontal status than those who lived in the big cities. Access to dental floss, mouth rinsing solution and regular dental checkup tended to make the healthier periodontal status. Smokers had the worse periodontal status than the nonsmokers. Conclusions : The oral health care in the teenagers aged from 12 to 15 is very important because the permanent dentition is completed in this stage. It is necessary to lay emphasis on the oral health improvement and dental caries prevention program to the teenagers.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.190-200
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• 2019

본 연구는 국내 거주 중국인의 주관적 구강 건강 상태와 구강 건강 관련 삶의 질(OHIP-14)의 관련성을 파악하고자 부산시내에 거주하고 있는 중국인을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시한 후 SPSS 25.0 프로그램을 통해 분석하였다. 주관적 구강건강 상태인 저작 불편 경험, 치통 경험, 구강 내 온도 민감 반응 경험, 잇몸 출혈 및 질환 경험, 구강 건조증 경험, 구취 경험에 따른 OHIP-14는 유의한 결과로 나타났다. 주요 변인 간의 관계는 모두 정적 상관을 가지고 있어 유의미한 결과를 보였고, 주관적 구강 건강 상태가 OHIP-14에 미치는 영향 요인 중 저작(p<0.001)과 구취(p<0.05)에서 유의한 수준으로 나타났다. 따라서 국내에 거주하고 있는 외국인을 위한 실질적인 구강 보건 의료정책과 한국어 지원이 가능한 의료지원체계가 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.607-622
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• 2004

Recently epidemiologic studies have indicated that the patients with periodontitis may have increased risk of ischemic cardiovascular events, and have suggested the important roles of blood cytokines and acute reactant proteins in the systemic infection and inflammatory response. Periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CHD) may share the common risk factors and the genetic mechanism associated with interleukin(IL)-1A, B and RA genotype may be involved in the production of IL-1. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between angiographically defined CHD and periodontitis as chronic Gram-negative bacterial infection and to determine whether the IL-1 gene polymorphism is associated in both diseases. Patients under the age of 60 who had undergone diagnostic coronary angiography were enrolled in this study. Subjects were classified as positive CHD (+CHD, n=37) with coronary artery stenosis more than 50% in at least one of major epicardial arteries, and negative CHD (-CHD, n=30) without significant stenosis. After recording the number of missing teeth, periodontal disease severity was measured by means of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and radiographic bone loss around all remaining teeth. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from the 4 deepest periodontal pockets and assessed for cytokine ($IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-1ra, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, and prostaglandin $E_2$). Additionally, blood CHD markers, lipid profile, and blood cytokines were analyzed. IL-1 gene cluster genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and enzyme restriction using genomic DNA from buccal swab, and allele 2 frequencies of IL-1A(+4845), IL-1B(+3954), IL-B(-511), and IL-1RA(intron 2) were compared between groups. Even though there was no significant difference in the periodontal parameters between 2 groups, GCF level of $PGE_2$ was significantly higher in the +CHD group(p<0.05). Correlation analysis showed the positive relationship among PD, CAL and coronary artery stenosis(%) and blood $PGE_2$. There was also significant positive relationship between the periodontal parameters (PI, PD, CAL) and the blood CHD markers (leukocyte count, C-reactive protein, and lactic dehyrogenase). IL-1 gene genotyping showed that IL-1A(+3954) allele 2 frequency was significantly higher in the +CHD group compared with the -CHD group (15% vs. 3.3%, OR 5.118,p=0.043). These results suggested that periodontal inflammation is related to systemic blood cytokine and CHD markers, and contributes to cardiovascular disease via systemic inflammatory reaction. IL-1 gene polymorphism might have an influence on periodontal and coronary heart diseases in Korean patients.