• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.239-258
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 회로수리능력을 정의하고, 회로수리능력을 준비능력, 탈부착능력, 회로분석능력, 점검 및 측정능력, 수리(문제해결)능력, 정리능력의 6가지 하위요인으로 구분하며, 하위요인을 기준으로 선정된 전조등 과제에서 도출된 학습자 목표도달 준거의 적합성을 검증받아 이를 바탕으로 학습자의 회로수리능력의 향상을 검증하는데 있다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 전문가집단의 검증을 받고, 실험 설계를 통하여 학습자 집단에 회로수리능력의 향상정도를 측정하였다. 통계분석은 SPSS 통계프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계 평균값, Cronbach ${\alpha}$ 계수, t 검증을 실시하였다. t 검증의 유의수준은 p<.05로 하였다. 이 연구를 실시한 결과 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자동차 전기 장치에 대한 고장을 정비하는 능력으로 '회로수리능력' 용어의 사용은 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 회로수리능력의 하위요인인 준비능력, 탈부착능력, 회로분석능력, 점검 및 측정능력, 수리(문제해결)능력, 정리능력의 구분은 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 학습자 목표도달 준거를 바탕으로 작성된 전조등 과제 실습지시서는 일반적인 실습보다 학습자의 회로수리능력의 향상에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 학습자 목표도달 준거를 바탕으로 작성된 전조등 과제의 실습지시서는 회로수리능력의 하위요인 준비능력, 탈부착능력, 회로분석능력, 점검 및 측정능력, 수리(문제해결)능력, 정리능력 향상에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.224-237
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• 2004

Background & Object : It is well known that functional dyspepsia is one of the most common diseases. While many dyspepsia patients have been helped with oriental medical therapy, there has not been a study based on the concepts of oriental medicine. The aim of this study was to perform a fundamental epidemiological survey and to analyse the symptom pattern of functional dyspepsia. Methods : 86 patients(27 males, 59 females) diagnosed with functional dyspepsia in Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center from May to December 2002 were involved in this investigation. The disease characteristics of functional dyspepsia(based on Rome criteria II) and the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure were investigated by questionnaire and physical examination. The total score and composition ratio of each comprehensive diagnosis were calculated from the symptom score described in the questionnaire. Results : The total score from the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure was found to be influenced by the number of functional dyspepsia symptoms(p=0.026) and the patient's own cognition of their current dyspeptic situation(p=0.006), in addition to digestive ability and general congnition(p=0.006), and was not associated with sex, duration of dyspeptic symptoms in one year, or the total illness period, In the composition ratio of the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure, only Qui-yu(p=0.048) diagnosis was accurate regarding the number of symptoms in one year, total illness period, or the patients' own congnition of their current dyspeptic situation, But the value of the composition ratio among the total factors involved was most similar to that of sex. Conclusions : Thus, it is shown here that the total score of using the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure is mainly dependent on dyspeptic symptoms and the patinets' own cognition of their current dyspeptic situation, and that regular symptom patterns in the Qui Xue Shui diagnostic procedure exist in dyspeptic patients.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.179-191
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• 2016

In addition to the measurement of the concentration of soil contaminants, the new idea of indicative parameters was proposed to validate the remedial works through the monitoring for the changes of soil characteristics after applying the clean up technologies. The parameters like CFU (colony forming unit), pH and soil texture were recommended as indicative parameters for land farming. In case of soil washing, water content and the particle size distribution of the sludge were recommended as indicative parameters. The sludge is produced through the particle separation process in soil washing and it is usually treated as a waste. The parameters like water content, organic matter content, CEC (cation exchange capacity) and CFU were recommended as indicative parameters for the low temperature thermal desorption method. Besides the indicative parameter, sampling methods in stock pile and the optimal minimum amount of composite soil sample were proposed. The rates of sampling error in regular grid, zigzag, four bearing, random grid methods were 17.3%, 17.6%, 17.2% and 16.5% respectively. The random grid method showed the minimum sampling error among the 4 kinds of sampling methods although the differences in sampling errors were very little. Therefore the random grid method was recommended as an appropriate sampling method in stock pile. It was not possible to propose a value of optimal minimum amount of composite soil sample based on the real analytical data due to the dynamic variation of $CV_{fund{\cdot}error}$. Instead of this, 355 g of soil was recommended for the optimal minimum amount of composite soil sample under the assumption of ISO 10381-8.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.165-179
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 주 단위 보고서의 활용 수업이 학생들의 자기 주도적 학습 능력과 과학에 대한 태도 및 학업 성취도에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 연구 대상은 고등학교 2학년 자연 계열 학생으로 실험반과 비교반을 각각 3개 반으로 구성하였다. 수업 처치 단원은 화학I 'IV. 닮은꼴 화학 반응'으로 선정하였고, 총 16차시 수업을 진행하였다. 수업 후 과제로 실험반은 주 단위 보고서를 작성하였고, 비교반은 문제 풀이로 수업내용을 정리하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 주 단위 보고서를 활용한 수업은 학생들의 자기 주도적 학습 능력의 향상을 가져왔다(p<.05). 동기 변인과 학습 전략 변인 모두 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 나타냈고, 총 15개의 하위 영역 중에서 시험 불안과 노력 규제 영역을 제외한 모든 영역에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 주 단위 보고서를 활용한 수업은 과학에 대한 태도 변화에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 값을 갖지 못했으나(p>.05), 총 5개의 하위 영역 중 과학 탐구에 대한 태도와 과학 수업에 대한 즐거움 영역에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 주 단위 보고서를 활용한 수업은 학업 성취도에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나(p>.05). 상위권과 하위권 성취 수준의 학생들 사이의 점수 차이는 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 나타냈다.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of abnormal ovarian cycles after superovulation treatment of Holstein Donor Cows. CIDRs were inserted into the vaginas of twenty two head of Holstein cows, regardless of estrous cycle. Superovulation was induced using folliclar stimulating hormone (FSH). For artificial insemination, donor cows were injected with $PGF_2{\alpha}$ and estrus was checked about 48 hours after the injection. Then they were treated with 4 straws of semen 3 times, with 12-hour intervals. Embryos were collected by a non-surgical method 7 days after the first artificial insemination. The cows were considered to have resumed ovarian cyclicity on the day of ovulation if followed by regular ovarian cycles. Seventy two point seven percentage of the cows(16/22) had normal resumption of ovarian cyclicity(resumption within 40 days after superovulation), and 27.3%(6/22) had delayed resumption(resumption did not occur until>40 days after superovulation). Delayed resumption Type II(first ovulation did not occur until ${\geq}40$ days after superovulation, i.e. delayed first ovulation 13.6%) were the most common types of delayed resumptions. The mean numbers of total ova from < 10 and $10{\leq}$ of corpora lutea(CL) was $7.8{\pm}1.8$ and $12.7{\pm}2.7$, respectively. The number of transferable embryos differed between < 10 and $10{\leq}$ CL was $5.4{\pm}1.3$ and $8.1{\pm}3.4$, respectively. Four point five percentage of the cows(1/22) did not resumption their ovarian cyclicity until 60 days after superovulation treatment. Diverse researches on the superovulation treatment method that is suitable for high-producing Holstein donor cows would contribute to preventing ovarian cyclicity disorder, as well as to the early multiplication of cows with superior genes by increasing the utilization value of donor cows.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2002

반추동물에서 적당한 조사료의 공급은 젖소의 정상적인 반추 기능을 위해서 반드시 필요하다. 본 연구는 사료 작물 종류별, 볏집 및 곡류의 가공 상태를 달리하여 제조한 TMFF에 대하여 일반 성분, RFV 및 면양의 반추위 성상 변화를 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 청예 작물인 옥수수, 목초, 호밀, 유채, 알팔파와 귀리를 주구로 하고 곡류 가공 수준을 무가공 (대조구), 거칠게 분쇄 (7～14mm mesh 이상), 일반 분쇄 (7mm 이하)를 세구로 하여 조제한 각각의 TMFF에 대한 일반 성분을 조사하였다. 또한 Fistula가 부착된 면양 8두를 이용한 반추위 성상과 기호성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 유채 TMFF는 상대적 사료가 (RFV)와 일당 사료 섭취량, A/P 비율에 있어서 다른 처리구보다 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 옥수수 TMFF를 급여한 면양의 반추위 VFA 함량은 90.9 mmol%로서 다른 처리구 보다 높았으며, 또한 사료의 pH도 3.82로서 가장 낮은 경향을 보였다. 그러나 TMFF에 있어서 휘발성 지방산 각각에 대한 차이는 찾을 수 없었다. 결론적으로 곡류 가공 방법에 따른 효과는 나타나지 않았지만 상대적 사료가와 기호성, 건물 손실율만을 고려하여 우수성을 판단할 때 유채, 옥수수, 알팔파, 목초, 귀리, 호밀 TMFF의 순서로 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.644-654
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• 2017

시장개방과 국제결혼의 증가로 인하여 한국사회는 점차 다문화사회로 진입하고 있다. 교육부는 다문화학생 교육 선진화 방안을 발표하여, 다문화학생에 대한 교육을 강화하고 있으며, 전체 학생을 대상으로 다문화이해교육을 실시하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 초등학교를 중심으로 다문화이해교육의 실제를 파악하고 향후 방향을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 다문화이해교육 강사들이 학교 현장에서 다문화이해교육을 어떻게 진행하고 있는지 고찰하고 다문화 교육과정의 개념적 모형에 비추어 그들의 교수목표와 교육내용이 다문화적 가치를 잘 전달하고 있는지 살펴보았다. 연구방법은 4명의 다문화이해교육 강사를 연구 참여자로 섭외하고 사전인터뷰, 수업자료 검토, 수업참관 및 수업참관 후 사후 인터뷰를 실시하였으며, 이 연구과정에서 수집된 자료를 분석하여 주요 주제를 도출하였다. 연구 참여자들은 모두 초등학생을 대상으로 자신(배우자)의 출신국 문화를 소개하였으며, 수업은 전통복식, 음식 등 풍습위주의 외형적인 문화에 초점이 맞춰져 있었다. 다문화이해교육은 대상 학생 및 문화의 측면에서 다양성을 고려할 필요가 있으며, 2차시 분량의 일회성 수업으로 세계적 상황에 대한 공감능력 및 사회적 행위능력을 배양하기 다소 어려웠으며, 교과내용과 연계하여 융합교육과정으로 발전시키려는 노력이 필요하다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.729-738
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• 1998

Antioxidants such as vitamin C and E may play a preventive role in the development of cancer and coronary heart disease. The status of vitamins C and E may be affected by lifestyle habits such as smoking , drinking, and exercise. These habits can modify the dietary requirements of vitamin C and vitamin E. the purpose of this study was to determine whether Korean young healthy men and women consume vitamins C and E in sufficient quantities relative to their lifestyle habits. Among the participants in this study, 52% of the men and none of the women were smokers. ; 84% of all subjects drank alcohol more than once a week ; and the men exercised more often than the women. The concentrations of serum total , HDL-, and LDL- cholesterol were higher in the women than in the men, but the serum triglyceride concentrations were higher in the men than in the women. The men consumed less satuated fat than the women (p<0.05) . The daily intakes of vitamin C for the men and the women were 47.1mg and 65.6mg, respectively. On the other hand , the daily vitamin E intake was higher in the men (11.8mg) than women(6.9mg). The serum $\alpha$-tocopherol concentrations of all subjects were in a normal range, and in no subjects were they below the minimum value of ranges. However, about 19% of male subjects and 10% of female subjects showed deficient status, although the mean serum vitamin C levels were normal . Lifestyle habits fo the sort mentioned above have little influence on the serum vitamin C and $\alpha$-tocopherol concentrations. The serum $\alpha$-tocopherol concentration had a positive correlation with total fat and alcohol consumption. The serum vitamin C concentration was positively associated with regular exercise, but it was negatively correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked. Meanwhile, the serum lipid persoxide concentration , the indirect index of oxidative stress, was influenced by certain variable such as body mass index , the number of cigarettes smoked , alcohol consumption, energy expenditure, vitamin C intake, and serum ${\gamma}$-tocopherol concentration. Serum lipid peroxide concentration was positively associated with body mass index, the number of cigarette smoked , serum triglyceride , and HDL-cholesterol concentration. In conclusion , the vitamin E requirements of the subjects were met by the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) regardless of lifestyle habits. However, serum vitamin C concentrations showed individual variation and was below the normal ranges. Smoking and exercise influenced serum vitamin C concentration. Therefore, a reevaluation of the requirements of vitamin C relative to lifestyle habits is necessary.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.549-558
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• 2017

본 연구는 체지방률이 32% 이상인 폐경 후 비만여성 36명을 대상으로 유산소운동이 혈청지질, 렙틴, 그렐린 및 인슐린저항성지수에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 운동집단(18명)과 통제집단(18명)으로 나누어 유산소운동인 라인댄스를 16주간 실시한 후 체조성, 혈청지질, 렙틴, 그렐린 및 인슐린저항성지수를 운동전과 후로 측정하여 비교분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과 운동 후에 운동집단에서 체중, 체지방률(%BF), 체질량지수(BMI), 내장지방면적(VFA), 렙틴(Leptin), 인슐린(Insulin), 글루코스(Glucose), 인슐린저항성지수(HOMA-IR), 총콜레스테롤(TC), 중성지방(TG), 아포리포프로틴(Apolipoprotein) B, 저밀도지단백 콜레스테롤(LDL-C) 및 수축기혈압(SBP)이 유의하게 감소하였다. 또한 아포리포프로틴(Apolipoprotein) A-1, 그렐린(Ghrelin) 및 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤(HDL-C)이 유의하게 증가하였다. 유산소운동집단의 내장지방면적에 영향을 미치는 에너지대사조절인자의 회귀분석결과에서 주요요인으로 그렐린, 인슐린, 글루코스 및 HOMA-IR 나타났다. 따라서 규칙적이고 지속적인 유산소운동이 폐경 후 비만여성의 체조성, 내장지방, 혈청지질, 렙틴, 그렐린 및 HOMA-IR을 개선시키는 데 효과가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.4999-5003
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• 2016

The testicular cancer (TCa) incidence is increasing in many countries, with age-standardized incidence rates up to 7.8/100,000 men in the Western world, although reductions in mortality and increasingly high cure rates are being witnessed at the same time. In Africa, where rates are lower, presentation is often late and morbidity and mortality high. Given this scenario, awareness of testicular cancer and practice of testicular self-examination among future first response doctors is very important. This study was conducted to determine knowledge and attitude to testicular cancer, and practice of testicular self-examination (TSE) among final (6th) year medical students. In addition, the effect of an intervention in the form of a single PowerPoint(R) lecture, lasting 40 minutes with image content on testicular cancer and testicular self examination was assessed. Pre and post intervention administration of a self-administered structured pre tested questionnaire was performed on 151 medical students, 101 of whom returned answers (response rate of 66.8%). In the TC domain, there was a high level of awareness of testicular cancer, but poor knowledge of the age group most affected, with significant improvement post intervention (p<0.001). Notable also was the poor awareness of the potential curability of TC, this also being improved following the intervention (p<0.001). A poor level of awareness and practice of testicular self-examination pre-intervention was found considering the nature of the study group..Respondents had surprisingly weak/poor responses to the question "How important to men's health is regular testicular self-examination?" Answers to the questions "Do you think it is worthwhile to examine your testis regularly?" and "Would you be interested in more information on testicular cancer and testicular self-examination?" were also suboptimal, but improved post intervention p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.037. Age, gender and marital status were without specific influence. In conclusion, this study showed poor levels of knowledge regarding epidemiology of TCa and its potential curability when detected early. There was also a poor awareness of, practice of, and poor attitudes to TSE. The significant improvement in these parameters post intervention indicates value in educational intervention. We recommend inclusion of TCa coverage and TSE teaching in the secondary school curriculum (targeting adolescents). Greater emphasis should also be given to testicular cancer in the curricula of medical schools and other training institutions for health care personnel.