• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.11-13
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• 2013

We have developed a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system for transmission and reflection measurements of metallic thin films. Using our THz-TDS system, we studied the conventional superconductor niobium (Nb) in the normal state in the spectral range from 5 to $50cm^{-1}$. Both the real and imaginary parts of the conductivity are acquired without Kramers-Kronig analysis. Nb exhibits a nearly frequency independent real conductivity spectrum in the terahertz range, with a very small imaginary part.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.329-334
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• 1992

Ultrasonic absorption was measured in bovine serum albumin (BSA) aqueous solution (50 g/l) in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 1600 MHz at neutral pH. Three experimental techniques were used to cover the wide frequency range : plano-concave resonator, conventional Bragg reflection, and high-resolution Bragg reflection methods. The absorption spectrum at neutral pH fitted the relaxation curve well using the distribution function of a mirror image of Davidson-Cole function. The relaxaition behavior was interpreted in terms of various degree of hydration of BSA molecules.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.82-85
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• 2009

Distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) porous silicon (PSi) was generated by an electrochemical etching a bragg structure into a silicon wafer through electrode current in aqueous ethanolic HF solution. DBR PSi exhibiting unique reflectivity was successfully obtained by an electrochemical etching of silicon wafer using square current waveform. The multilayered photonic crystals of DBR PSi exhibited the reflection of a specific wavelength with high reflectivity in the optical reflectivity spectrum. In this work, we have developed a method to create refractive index in Si substrate through intensity of an electric current. The electrochemical process allows for precise control of the structural properties of DBR PSi such as thickness of the porous layer, porosity, and average pore diameter. The number of reflection peak of DBR PSi and its pore size increased as the intensity of electric current increased. This might be a demonstration for the fabrication of specific reflectors or filters.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2013

This paper describes a method for the preparation of porous polymethylmethacrylate showing optical reflectivity from the porous silicon template. A porous polymethylmethacrylate showing optical reflectivity was prepared by replicating porous silicon template which was obtained by applying a computer-generated periodic square current density and resulted in a mirror with high reflectivity in a specific narrow spectral region. A porous polymethylmethacrylate showing an excellent reflectivity was successfully obtained by dissolving the Porous silicon template from the porous polymethylmethacrylate composite film. A porous polymethylmethacrylate exhibited a sharp reflection resonance in the reflectivity spectrum. Surface image of the porous polymethylmethacrylate indicated that the surface of the porous polymethylmethacrylate film had a porous structure. These porous polymethylmethacrylate films in aqueous solutions were stable for several days without any degradation.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.751-759
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• 2007

To better understand the subsurface geological structure of the Kunsan Basin in the Yellow Sea, the mean depths of the density discontinuous layers (DDLs) of the Kunsan Basin were calculated by power spectrum analysis using satellite altimetry gravity data. The calculated mean depths of DDLs were -1.1km, -3.4km, -9.1km and -31.0km. The mean depth of -1.1km DDL was interpreted as regional unconformity shown in about 1 second in two way travel time (TWTT) in the seismic reflection profiles, and the mean depth of -3.4km DDL was also interpreted as top of the acoustic basement in the seismic reflection profiles. Comparing with well data, seismic reflection profiles and regional geology in the study area, the mean depth of -9.1km DDL was interpreted as top of the igneous origin basement. This means that the acoustic basement of the study area is composed mainly of sediments which are disregarded in previous study. The mean depth of -31.0km DDL was interpreted as the Moho discontinuity because this mean depth is similar to one of the normal continental crust thickness. The detection of top of the igneous origin basement suggests that oil gas potential analysis in Kunsan Basin needs to be extended to the deeper part of sediments (acoustic basement).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1992

Ultrasonic spectroscopy is likely to become a very powerful NDE method for detection of microfects and thickness measurement of thin film below the limit of ultrasonic distance resolution in the opaque materials, provides a useful information that cannot be obtained by a conventional ultrasonic measuring system. In this paper, we considered a thin film below the limit of ultrasonic distance resolution sandwitched between two substances as acoustical analysis model, demonstrated the usefulness of ultrasonic spectroscopic analysis technique using information of ultrasonic frequency for measurements of thin film thickness, regardless of interference phenomenon and phase reversion of ultrasonic waveform. By using frequency intervals(${\triangle}f$) of periodic minima from the ratio of reference power spectrum of reflective waveform obtained a sample to power spectrum of multiple reflective waves obtained interference phenomenon caused by ultrasonic waves reflected at the upper and lower surfaces of a thin layer, can measured even dimensions of interest are smaller than the ultrasonic wave length with simplicity and accuracy.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.26 no.A
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• pp.163-171
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• 2006

To evaluate inelastic seismic responses of multi-span-bridge, the equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (ESDOF) methods and the lateral load distributions are applied to the capacity spectrum method(CSM). From the pushover analysis results using the four ESDOF methods and the six types lateral load distributions, the ESDOF method more than lateral load distribution is found to have an important influence upon the pushover analysis. The effects of the higher mode on the bridge seismic behaviors are also increased as the number of pier increase. Therefore, it can be concluded that lateral load distributions and ESDOF methods for reflection of higher mode effects should be considered in the seismic analysis of the bridge structural.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.24-27
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• 2010

Multi-functionalized rugate porous silicon (PSi) for biosensor was developed by hydrosilylation with silole and its further reaction with biotin groups. PSi was generated by an electrochemical etching of silicon wafer in aqueous ethanolic HF solution PSi prepared by using etching conditions showed that many sharp spectral lines can be obtained in the optical reflectivity spectrum. 1,1-hydrovinyl-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylsilole was obtained from the reaction of 1,1-dilithio-2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene with dichlorovinylsilane. Multi-functionalized PSi with silole and biotin groups was characterized by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, Ocean optics 2000 spectrometer, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Optical characteristics such as reflectivity and photoluminescence (PL) were observed. An increase of the reflection wavelength in the reflectivity spectrum by 20 nm was observed, indicative of a change in refractive indices induced by hydrosilylation of the silole and biotin groups to the rugate PSi. This red-shift was attributed to the replacement of some of the Si-H group of fresh rugate PSi with silole and biotin group.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.317-327
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• 2013

Air pollution and artificial heat of urban areas have caused the urban heat island in which asphalt pavements absorb solar heat during the daytime and release the heat at night. Hence, in order to improve the environment of urban areas, it is necessary to examine cooling pavements that can reduce heat on road pavements in urban areas. The application of temperature insulation paints on road pavements require to reduce black brightness for visibility, to increase the reflection rate of infrared light and minimize the reflection rate of visible light. In the study, one part of Acrylic-emulsion was used as a main binder, and the changes in black brightness and the changes of addition ratio (0%, 15%, 30%) of hollow ceramics, as well as kinds of paints (carbon black pigment, mixed mineral pigment) were selected as the main experimental factors. The performance of temperature reduction of cooling pavements was analyzed through the reflection rate of spectrum, the reflection rate of solar heat, and the lamp test. Abrasion resistance, UV accelerated weather resistance, and sliding resistance were tested in real situations. In addition, the performance of heat reduction of testing pavements covered with high-reflection paints was analyzed by using an infrared camera. As the test results, when using mixed mineral paints and hollow ceramic of 30%, the reflection rate of spectrum was 43% in the area of near-infrared ray and 17% in the area of visible light at black brightness of $L^*$=42.89 and the reflection rate of solar heat was 27.5%. Total color difference was ${\Delta}E$=0.27 in the test of UV Accelerated Weather Resistance, indicating almost no changes in color. BPN was more than 53 when scattering #2 and #4 silica sand of more than $0.12kg/m^2$. In Taber's abrasion resistance test, abrasion loss was up to 86.4mg at 500 rotations. The performance of heat reduction was evaluated using an infrared camera at the test section applying high-reflection paints to asphalt pavements, in which the results showed that the temperature was reduced by $12.7^{\circ}C$ on CI-30-40 cooling pavements ($L^*$=38.76) and by $14.2^{\circ}C$ on CI-30-60 cooling pavements ($L^*$=57.12).

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.67-71
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• 2003

Using motions (Maruo) and wave reflection (the author), speed loss due to wind (van Berlekom) and ITTC standard spectrum, and various effects of weather(:such as weather intensity, ship type, ship size and draught) on ship speed performance at sea were investigated. Further, a comparison of the relative effects of weather and hull roughness on speed loss was also studied for a VLCC.