• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.324-331
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• 2002

The fundamentals of light-emitting diode lamp design are presented. The shapes of the reflecting cup and lens employed in LED lamps can be flexibly adjusted, over a relatively large range, by using a few parameters. The analysis of the designed lamps by Monte Carlo photon simulation shows that diverse far-field beam patterns required in various application areas can be achieved.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.197-199
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• 2002

This paper describes the effects of chip arrangement configurations and the dimension of a reflecting cup upon the light output characteristics of a white lamp composed of RGB LED chips. As a result of simulation, the shorter distance between adjacent chips leads to a relative decrease in the light output efficiency due to inter-chip absorption of quanta, but rather uniform color mixing is expected. Among the factors of designing a reflecting cup it is the tilt angle of the cup wall that plays a determining role upon the variation of the light distribution. The light distribution shows a sudden change of pattern from Lambertian to Batwing at about $35^{\circ}{\sim}40^{\circ}$ of tilt angle in case of a silver-coated wall cup.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.222-226
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• 2012

The design methods of the reflecting cup employed in an LED lamp are presented. The beam patterns of an LED lamp can be adjusted by functional segmentation of the reflector height. Thus, the reflecting angle of slope was designed according to the height. The analysis of the designed reflecting cup shows that precise adjustable beam patterns can be achieved.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2010

Line lamps, which utilize leaky optical fibers based on periodic bending of plastic optical fibers, are proposed. The LED-optical fiber coupler, the key component of the line lamp, is designed and analyzed. The analysis by the Monte Carlo photon simulation method has shown that the optical coupling efficiency is affected rather sensitively by $\theta_w$, the slanting angle of the reflecting cup sidewall and $\rho_{ref}$, the reflectivity of the reflecting cup. The optical coupling efficiency of the coupler reaches the maximum when $\theta_w$ is about $60^{\circ}$, which is significantly larger than $\theta_w=45^{\circ}$, the typical sidewall slanting angle of the reflecting cup adopted in most LED lamps. When the reflectivity of the reflecting cup is above 0.8, the optical coupling efficiency is larger than 80%, which is the typical efficiency to be achieved in LD-optical fiber coupler.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.943-954
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the breast growth variation trends and characteristics of Korean adolescent girls based on 3D body measurements. Subjects were 174 girls aged between 13 and 18. 3D body scanning data were collected and the data were measured by Geomagic Design X program. The total of 18 anthropometric measurements and 4 index items were analyzed. The main results of this study are as follows: 1) Overall, the breast growth of adolescent girls got out of children's body shapes at the age of 14 and the adult's body shapes appeared remarkably at the age of 18. Before the age of 15, the adolescent girls' breast enlarged. 2) The surface lengths of upper body, which means the breast volume, showed significant growth above B cup groups rather than under A cup groups. The demand of B cup size (32.2%) was higher than A cup size (25.9%). And 35.6% of subjects' brassiere band size was 70. 3) The thorax grew evenly in the circumference, depth and breadth. The thoracic development related to the breast volume as well as the whole upper body's development. These results reveal that it is necessary to develop adolescent girls' brassiere reflecting on adolescent girls' breast growth variation trends and characteristics by age, breast size and thoracic development.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.15-35
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop brassiere pattern designed to fit the breast shapes based on ESMOD pattern. It has three quarters cup round shape and also consists of three parts; upper cup, lower cup, and wings. Breast types are classified into five shapes; ideal breast, flat breast, upper developed breast, lower developed breast, and projecting breast. Two subjects for each breast type wore the brassiere, and they evaluated the appearance and wearing twice. Type I for research pattern designed to fit into the breast shape reflecting details of breast size were assessed as superior to the divided commercial type. However, wings' tightness of Type I for research pattern brassiere was high. Thus, to improve wearing satisfaction, extra was added to wing. Based on the results of wearing experiments of Type I for research, we adjusted and modified Type II for research pattern. Subsequently, its appearance and wearing were evaluated, in order to be improved. For upper developed breast pattern, we extended the length of lower part to balance upper and lower part, as the upper part was somewhat long. The lower developed breast has the closest feature to the ideal breast, suggestive that implies it does not require much improvement Projecting breast pattern has minimal space in the lower part, so we added the support to lift them to be similar to the ideal breasts. For all the breast shapes, we reduced the wings' tightness from 8% to 7% so that we could extend the length of the wings.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.8-13
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• 2009

LED BLU(Back Light Unit), based on MCPCB(Metal Core Printed Circuit Board) with anodizing oxide dielectric layer and improved thermal dissipation property, are presented. Reflecting cups were also formed on the surface of the MCPCB such that optical coupling between neighboring chips were minimized for improving the photon extraction efficiency. LED chips were directly attached on the MCPCB by using the COB (Chip On Board) scheme.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.5 s.164
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• pp.729-741
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• 2007

In order to examine the characteristics of brassiere products for the 1924 generation brands on the market and grasp problems, we selected three 'comparative brassieres', each one from among the 1924 underwear brands with the highest recognition and sales profit, and then designed a 'sample brassiere' pattern(75A) with a similar shape to the comparative brassieres. We set up the "New Cup Grading Rule" with a view of reflecting the wearing effect that was varied according to cup sizes, graded the sizes of 75AA and 75B with this method, and made the sample brassieres in three sizes. We conducted the wearing evaluation and body measurements of 9 subjects after analyzing the patterns and characteristics of the sample brassieres and three comparative brassieres. As a result of the wearing evaluation, the sample and comparative brassiere 2, the dimensions and shapes were appropriate for the 1924 generation consumers and expressed an overall natural silhouette, showed satisfactory results in the entire evaluation questions. On the other hand, the comparative brassiere 1 and 3 that tended toward making a big change in the physical characteristics got unsatisfactory evaluations in the dimensions of the cups, clothing pressure, and bust silhouette. As a result of observing the variation in body dimensions by body measurements when nude and when wearing each brassiere and then summing it up with the score of the wearing evaluation, it was proven that too much change in body shape can create a negative image by upsetting the balance of the whole silhouette. Therefore, it is desirable to develop brassiere products with proper dimensions and clothing pressure that can make a physical change that harmonizes the overall bust silhouette and the position and shape of the breasts.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.11 no.1 s.39
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• pp.71-85
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• 2006

The environment of computational grid is composed of the LAN/WAN each of which has different efficiency and heterogeneous network conditions, and where various programs are running. In this environment, the role of the resource selection broker is very important because the work of each node is performed by considering heterogeneous network environment and the computing power of each node according to the characteristics of a program. In this paper, a new resource selection broker is presented that decides the number of work processes to be allocated at each node by considering network state information and the performance of each node according to the characteristics of a program in the environment of computational grid. The proposed resource selection broker has three steps as follows. First, the performance ratio of each node is computed using latency-bandwidth-cpu mixture information reflecting the characteristics of a program, and the number of work processes that will be performed at each node are decided by this ratio. Second, RSL file is automatically made based on the number of work processes decided at the previous step. Finally, each node creates work processes by using that RSL file and performs the work which has been allocated to itself. As experimental results, the proposed method reflecting characteristics of a program, compared with the existing (uniformity) and latency-bandwidth method is improved $278%\sim316%,\;524%\sim595%,\;924%\sim954%$ in the point of work amount, work process number, and node number respectively.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.748-762
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyze the fashion trends of Korean men's golfwears and furnished the researchers of same major with reliable data base. Lately, Korean men were concerned about their appearance rather than social position. Moreover, they tried to express the needs of youthfulness with free lift through clothings. These trend had been showed itself not only development of golfwears, but also change of esthetic tastes of men's golfwears. First of all, the development of men's golfwears was affected by the major three factors out of many various factors. That is, popularization of golf by the international activities of Korean progolfers, appearance of young consumers after IMF and the casualization of the men's formal dress, the making an everyday dress of men's sportswears. The results of analyzing of fashion trends of the men's golfwears is as follow: 1. The characteristics with naturalness, comfort of men's golfwears was manifested casualization trends by the factors of downward tendency of golfer's age, 5-days working, men's biz casual preference, individual ism after IMF. 2. Men's character golfwears was showed by the ageless as a youthfulness expression, the Sportism as an international trend, 2002 world cup, etc. 3. All of golfwears have to be functional characteristics because the golf is an active sports spending long time in golf course. Unconstruction style was an important fashion trends of men's golfwears by using functional materials to meet the needs of consumers. 4. The men's clothing was deviated from a fixed idea called masculine after IMF. Moreover, this trend was increased by the appearance of lovely man, genderlessness and had an effect on men's golfwears. Consequently. men's golfwears was showed feminization characteristics as a feminine, sensitive style. In the future, Korean men will try to express their character and thought freely through golfwears, men's golfwears will be continued ‘beyond the golf course’ image reflecting in the future fashion trends.