• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 2007

A series of experiments were conducted to compare the effects of various diluents and cryoprotectants on the motility and survival rate in cryopreservation of the red seabream, Pagrus major sperm. Sperm was efficiently cryopreserved using 300 mM glucose as a diluent. Two cryoprotectant, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and glycerol, were added to 300 mM glucose to formulate the extenders at concentrations between 5% and 30% by volume for freezing. The highest post-thawed sperm motility and survival rate were obtained with 10% DMSO.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 1992

In order to study the mechanism of follicle growth and maturation, and also to supplement the criteria identifying the follicle state of normal of atretic, the histochemical investigation on the ovarian follicles according to the ovarian cycle of mouse, rat and pig has been done. The intercellular space of granulosa cells, especailly Call-Exner body, and follicular fluid in the antrum showed positive to PAS, and blue stain by trichrome dye. The resutls suggest that the mucous polysaccharide was synthesized by the granulosa cells, and secreted into the antrum through Call-Exner body so as to be the components of the follicular fluid as the follicles proceeded to growth and maturation. The further the follicles proceeded to atresia the more densely their theca externa were stained blue by follicles proceeded to atresia the more densely their theca externa were stained blue by trichrome dye, and the more densely the granulosa cells were stained red by oil red 0 dye. Therefore, these staining methods can be applied to the criteria identifying the follicle atresia.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.161-173
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• 2009

This study analyzes especially drag and lift models recently developed for fluid-solid, fluid-fluid or liquid-liquid two-phase flows to understand their applicability on the computational fluid dynamics, CFD modeling of pulsatile blood flow. Virtual mass effect and the effect of red blood cells, RBCs aggregation on CFD modeling of blood flow are also shortly reviewed to recognize future tendencies in this field. Recent studies on two-phase flows are found as very useful to develop more powerful drag-lift models that reflect the effects of blood cell's shape, deformation, concentration, and aggregation.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2003

The present study was conducted to investigate the single and 2-week repeated dose toxicity of red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP) in Sprague-Dawley rats. The test article was administered orally to rats at dose levels of 0, and 2000 mg/kg/day for single dose toxicity study and at dose levels of 0, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day for repeated dose toxicity study. In both studies, there were no treatment-related effects on mortality, clinical signs, food and water consumption, ophthalmoscopy, urinalysis, hematology, serum biochemistry, necropsy findings and organ weights of all animals treated RGAP. Based on these results, it was concluded that the 2-week repeated oral dose of RGAP may have no toxic effect in rats at a dose level of 1000 mg/kg/day. In the condition of this study, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day for both sexes.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to identify the appropriateness and validity of the HIV/AIDS nurse counselor's job, and to propose the job description. Mixed method was used: nominal group interview was used as a qualitative research and a survey was used as a quantitative research. Three of the nominal group members evaluated the appropriateness of the duties and tasks. To identify the validity of the evaluated duties and tasks, importance, difficulty and frequency were surveyed by 14 nurses who were working at the hospital as a HIV/AIDS nurse counselors. For the HIV/AIDS nurse counselor, 7 duties and 35 tasks - infection control of the HIV/AIDS, counseling, client advocacy, development of the educational material, referral to the resources, referral services at the hospital, and self-improvement - were identified. Proposed job description will be used as a reference for the role position and the training curriculum of the HIV/AIDS nurse counselors who are working at the hospital.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.1544-1551
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• 2024

A unique brick series based on Vietnamese clay was manufactured at 114.22 MPa pressure rate for γ-ray attenuation purposes, consisting of (x) metallic waste & (90%-x) red clay mineral & 10% (hardener mixed with epoxy resin), where (x) is equal to the values 0%, 20%, 40%, 50%, and 70%. The impacts of industrial metal waste ratio in the structure and radiation protective characteristics were evaluated experimentally. The increase in metallic waste doping concentrations from 0% to 70% was associated with an increase in the manufactured brick's density (ρ) from 2.103 to 2.256 g/cm³ while the fabricated samples' porosity (Φ) decreased from 11.7 to 1.0%, respectively. Together with a rise in fabricated brick's density and a decrease in their porosities, the manufactured bricks' γ-ray attenuation capacities improved. The measured linear attenuation coefficient (μ, cm^-1) was improved by 30.8%, 22.1%, 21.6%, and 19.7%, at E_γ equal to the values respectively 0.662, 1.173, 1.252, and 1.332 MeV, when the metallic waste concentration increased from 0% to 70%, respectively. The study demonstrates that manufactured bricks exhibit superior radiation shielding properties, with radiation protection efficiencies of 88.4%, 90.0%, 91.7%, 92.1%, and 92.4% for bricks with industrial metal waste contents of 0%, 20%, 40%, 50%, and 70%, respectively, at γ-ray energy (E_γ) of 1.332 MeV.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.164-173
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the direct neurotoxicity of alcohol on CNS and the effects of piracetam or vitamins on ultrastructural changes of the rat cerebellar and hippocampal neurons during long-term alcohol treatment. To evaluate the results, quantitative analysis were done for light and electronic microscopic findings. On the light microscopy, red degeneration of pyramidal cells and Purkinje cells was found more apparently in the alcohol only treated group than in the control group. On the electron microscopy, increased lipofuscin pigments were found in cerebellum and hippocampus. In quantitative analysis, vitamins significantly reduced red degeneration in both hippocampus and cerebellum. However, piracetam significantly reduced red degeneration in cerebellum but not in hippocampus. Lipofuscin pigments in Purkinje cells and pyramidal cells were significantly reduced in the alcohol with piracetam treated group than the alcohol only treated group. However, vitamins had no significant reducing effect of lipofuscin pigments in Purkinje cells and pyramidal cells. According to the results, it is concluded that vitamins deficiency might cause red degeneration of pyramidal cell after long-term alcohol treatment, but increment of lipofuscin pigments in pyramidal and Purkinje cell may be caused by alcohol itself or its metabolite rather than vitamins deficiency. Piracetam seems to improve cognitive function impairment caused by alcohol consumption.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2010

This study was carried out to develop local allometric biomass regression equations and to estimate aboveground biomass of red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) stands among three regions (Hadong, Hamyang, Sancheong) from the western regions of Gyeongnam province. We selected three natural red pine stands with similar stand ages (about 40-year-old) from each region. The allometric regression equations were significant in all tree components (P<0.05) and the determination of coefficient ($R^2$) ranged 0.87 from 0.99. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the biomass of tree components among three regions. The biomass was 173.3 Mg/ha in Hadong, 131.0 Mg/ha in Sancheong, and 66.5 Mg/ha in Hamyang. The proportion of biomass was 70.4-77.1% in stemwood, 10.9-15.2% in branch, 8.9-10.4% in stembark, and 3.1-4.4% in needle. The results indicated that red pine stands in the western Gyeongnam regions showed the significant difference of aboveground biomass which was attributed to site quality and stand density.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.4
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• pp.435-442
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• 2006

A total of 167 peculiar haplotypes confirmed from 28 cpSR variants that were observed in 19 populations of Japanese red pine in Korea through cpSSR marker analysis. Thirteen individuals that showed identical haplotype dispersed evenly in 10 populations, and the average number of effective haplotype within population was 13.37. Estimate of genetic diversity (He) was 0.987 on the basis of cpSSR haplotype variants that was equivalent to or higher than the estimates reported in other studies on some forest tree species. Estimation of genetic diversity (S.I.) on the basis of cpSSR variants composing each haplotype revealed the highest estimate of 1.109 for the population of Gangwon-Yeongwol and the lowest estimate of 0.411 for the population of Gyeongbuk Mungyeong with the average of 0.887. Most of observed cpSSR variants appeared to exist commonly in 19 populations (97.62%), and genetic differentiation of cpSSR variants among populations was turned out to be weak (${\Phi}_{ST}=0.024$). Relatively fast rate of mutation of cpSSR marker might be a major cause for such weak population differentiation. There was no identical haplotype shared between 39 population pairs of 173 pair-wise population pairs. Estimation of genetic distance among 19 populations on the basis of population pairs was also impossible, that might be resulted from restricted migration among 19 populations. Considering the observed distribution patterns of cpSSR variants in addition to the previous studies on I-SSR variants, informations on the present geographic location and genetic status of populations should be considered together for effective sustainable management of the genetic resources of Japanese red pine in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 2004

The number and abundance of epiphytic algae growing on Sargassum thunbergii and their functional forms were examined. Thalli of S. thunbenii were collected on the nine islands of southern coast and at Gyeokpo on the western coast of Korea in summer 2001. A total of 25 species, 6 green (24%), 2 brown (8%), 17 red algae (68%) were identified in the present study. Caulacanthus okamurae, Ulva pertusa, Sphacelaria furcigera were found on the thalli of S. thunbegii that collected at the all regions. Caulacanthus okamurae, Champia bifida and Laurencia venusta grew on the lower parts of S. thunbergii thalli whereas, Polysiphonia spp. attached to the apical parts of the plants. Four functional forms, such as sheet-form (8%), filamentous-form (52%), coarsely branched-form (32%) and articulated-calcareous algal form (8%) were distinguished. The epiphytic algae on the thalli of S. thunbergii are mainly annual opportunistic algae, filamentous-form algae and smaller red algae. Also, most epiphytic seaweeds of S. thunbergii produce and release spores before pseudoperennial host plants are necrotic in late autumn.