• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 2022

An 11-year-old male Rex rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) had a rectal prolapse induced by a polypoid mass. The mass was highly vascularized with a cauliflower-like appearance. Anorectal papilloma was suspected, and fine needle aspiration cytology showed eosinophilic inflammation. After surgical removal of the polyp, postoperative care was given, such as systemic antibiotics and analgesics. In the re-examination, the rabbit was resolved, and there were no complications. Histopathological examination of the removed polyp indicated chronic eosinophilic proctitis to be the cause of the inflammatory condition of the protruding rectal polyp.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.250-255
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• 1999

Isolated rectal adenomatous polyp without genetic background is rarely found in children. A 4-year and 5 month-old girl was admitted for intermittent bloody stools lasting 4 months. A $1.5{\times}1.2\;cm$ sized rectal polyp was found by air contrast barium enema. Endoscopic polypectomy was performed without complications. In histopathologic examination, it was found to be a tubulovillous adenoma. Typical radiologic, colonoscopic, and pathological pictures are presented.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.613-618
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• 2019

Juvenile polyps are the most common types of polyps in children, and patients usually present with lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding as the predominant symptom. These lesions, which are referred to as hamartomas, usually measure approximately 2 cm in size and are benign tumors located mainly in the rectum and sigmoid colon. The most common symptom of a juvenile polyp is mild intermittent rectal bleeding. It is rare for anemic patients because the amount of blood loss is small and often not diagnosed immediately. We present the case of a 6-year-old girl with a juvenile polyp in the distal transverse colon, who developed hypovolemic shock due to massive lower GI bleeding. Pediatricians must perform colonoscopy for thorough evaluation of polyps, because their location and size can vary and they can cause massive bleeding.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.249-252
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• 1985

Polyps of the male urethra are relatively uncommon lesions. They usually arise from the prostatic urethra mostly verumontanum or Just lateral to the verumontanum. Posterior urethral polyp often presents with hematuria, hemospermia and sometimes lower urinary tract obstruction. We recently experienced a pedunculated prostatic urethral polyp in a 63-year-old man who complained of gross total hematuria and difficult micturition for several years. On rectal examination the prostate was slightly enlarged with normal consistency. Excretory urogram showed a round filling defect in the right side of the bladder neck measuring about $2{\times}2cm.$ in size. Cystourethroscopy revealed trabeculation of the vesical wall, mild bilateral prostatic hypertrophy and a round cystic mass with a long stalk arising from the prostatic floor 1 cm. Proximal to the verumontanum which caused ball-valve obstruction in the bladder neck. This pedunculated polypoid mass was then resected at its base with resectoscope and was removed transurethrally using Lowsley's grasping forceps. The specimen was proved as fibrous polyp histologically.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5163-5167
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• 2015

Background: Colon polyps need to be excised upon detection during colonoscopy due to the risk of malignancy irrespective of their size. In our study, we retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics of polyps detected during colonoscopy. Materials and Methods: We assessed 379 patients with polyps detected during colonoscopy between January 2010 and May 2012. The demographics, complaints, colonoscopy findings (shape, place and size of the polyp) and histopathological findings were recorded. We carried out statistical analysis using PASW 18.0 for Windows. Results: There were 227 males (59.9%) and 152 females (40.1%) in the trial. The mean age was 53.8 years (32-90). The most common complaint was rectal bleeding (36.1%), followed by abdominal pain (35.4%). Polyps were detected most commonly in the rectosigmoid region (43.8%), followed by the descending colon (17.4%). Some 239 patients had a single polyp (63.1%) while 140 were found to have multiple polyps (36.9%). While tubular adenoma was the most common pathological type, occurring in 181 patients (47.8%), tubulovillous adenoma (14.2%) and hyperplastic polyp (12.7%) followed, occurring in 54 and 48 patients respectively. While 313 patients (82.6%) did not feature dysplasia, 37 patients (9.7%) exhibited low-grade dysplasia, 28 (7.7%) had high-grade dysplasia and 4 had cancer (1.1%). The rates of villous components and dysplasia were detected to be high among pedunculated polyps and polyps larger than 1 cm (p<0.001). Conclusions: Due to the fact that large-diameter polyps with malignant potential are commonly located in the left colon and have a high prevalence among the middle-aged individuals, it would be appropriate to screen this population at regular intervals via rectosigmoidoscopy.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 1998

Of 72 patients with vitelline duct and vessel remnants, 45 (62.5 %) had symptomatic lesions. The mean age of the patients was 27.9 months. Males predominated (4.6 : 1). There were 22 cases of Meckel's diverticulum, 6 of Meckel's diverticulum attatched to the umbilicus with a fibrous band, 6 cases of patent vitelline duct, 5 cases of vitelline artery remnants as a fibrous band and 2 cases each of umbilical sinus and polyp, and vitelline cyst. Twenty-three patients (51 %) presented with intestinal obstruction, 6(13 %) with rectal bleeding, 4(9 %) with perforated Meckel's diverticulum, 5 with intestinal juice drainage through umbilicus, 5 with umbilical lesions, 1 with abdominal mass, and 1 with sepsis. Intestinal obstruction due to fibrous band developed during infancy(average age; 4.6 months). Seventeen asymptomatic Meckel's diverticulum, 8 obliterated vitelline artery remnants and 1 vitelline vein remnant as fibrous band, and 1 vitelline cyst were found incidentally at laparotomy. About 82 % of the complicated Meckel's diverticulum presented in infants and children less than 4 years of age.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.383-386
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• 1995

Schistosomiasis is a snail-transmitted trematodiasis acquired by immersion in water which contains the cercariae. In Korea, six imported cases of urinary schistosomiasis by Schistosomc haematobium and one case of imported cerebral schistosomiasis by S. mansoni were reported. Herein we report a case of S. monsoni infecting rectum of a 46 year-old Korean male, who had been to Saudi Arabia for two years. On colonoscopy for routine physical check up, a 0.4 cm polyp in the rectum was detected and biopsy was done. Microscopically, rectal mucosa showed several granulomas which were composed of macrophages, Iymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils. The center of each granuloma showed an ovoid egg often containing miracidium. The eggs measured 130 × 60 ㎛ in average size. They had yellowish-brown transparent shell loth the characteristic lateral spille. This is the 8th imported case of schistosomiasis in Korea and the second one infected by S. mansoni. Key words: Schistosomc mansoni, rectum, Korea, imported case.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.208-214
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• 2003

Juvenile polyposis is an uncommon condition characterized by the development of multiple juvenile polyps predominantly in the colon but also in the rest of the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with juvenile polyposis commonly present with rectal bleeding, diarrhea, abdominal pain, anemia, prolapse of the polyp. We experienced a juvenile polyposis in a 7 year-old male patient with protein losing enteropathy who was diagnosed by $^{99M}Tc$-human serum albumin abdominal scintigraphy, colonoscopy, and small bowel series. Proctocolectomy with ileostomy was performed and then protein losing enteropathy was resolved.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2022

Purpose: Colonoscopy is considered the most reliable method for the diagnosis of juvenile polyps. However, colonoscopic screening is an invasive and expensive procedure. Fecal calprotectin (FCP), a marker of intestinal inflammation, has been shown to be elevated in patients with polyps. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate FCP as a screening biomarker for the diagnosis of juvenile polyps. Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at the Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. For children with polyps, colonoscopic polypectomy and histopathology were performed. FCP levels were analyzed before and 4 weeks after polypectomy in all patients. Information was recorded in a datasheet and analyzed using the computer-based program SPSS. Results: The age of the children was between 2.5 and 12 years. Approximately 93% of the polyps were found in the rectosigmoid region. Children with juvenile polyps had elevated levels of FCP before polypectomy that subsequently normalized after polypectomy. The mean FCP levels before and after polypectomy were 277±247 ㎍/g (range, 80-1,000 ㎍/g) and 48.57±38.23 ㎍/g (range, 29-140 ㎍/g) (p<0.001), respectively. The FCP levels were significantly higher in patients with multiple polyps than in those with single polyps. Moreover, mean FCP levels in patients with single and multiple polyps were 207.6±172.4 ㎍/g and 515.4±320.5 ㎍/g (p<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Colonic juvenile polyps were found to be associated with elevated levels of FCP that normalized after polypectomy. Therefore, FCP may be recommended as a noninvasive screening biomarker for diagnosis of colonic juvenile polyps.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.236-241
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• 2003

Purpose : This study was performed to know the clinical profile and effectiveness of colonoscopic polypectomy in patients with solitary juvenile polyp. Methods : This study included 19 children, aged 1.8 to 11.4 years, who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy and histologically proven solitary juvenile polyps between March 1998 and August 2002. We analyzed their detailed history, clinical manifestations, colonoscopic examination, method of anesthesia and results of colonoscopic polypectomy. Results : The mean age of the 19 cases was $4.7{\pm}2.8year$. The male to female ratio was 1 : 1.1. Hematochezia, the main indication of colonoscopy, was present in all cases. Combined symptoms were mucoid stool or diarrhea(42%), abdominal pain(26%), constipation(11%) and anal fissure(11%). Anemia(Hb <10 g/dL) in four cases recovered spontaneously after polypectomy. Complications associated with premedication, sedation and colonoscopy itself did not occur. Bleeding developed in two cases(11%) after polypectomy. One of them was controlled with hemoclipping. The main site of polyps was the rectosigmoid colon in 15 cases(79%). The size of the polyps ranged from 0.5 to 3.5 cm. The interval between the onset of symptoms and polypectomy was from 0.1 to 42 months. Conclusion : Juvenile polyps are a common cause of benign, chronic and recurrent rectal bleeding. Colonoscopic polypectomy is a simple, safe and effective therapeutic method. So earlier colonoscopy might avoid uneffective treatment and prevent untoward problems such as fear of parents and anemia.