• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.997-1004
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• 2013

There is imminent need to find a way to measure the recreational benefits of water so that appropriate actions can be taken to make a multi-purpose reservoir. Therefore, this study attempts to apply a choice experiment to quantifying the recreational benefits of a multi-purpose reservoir, using a specific case study of Sangkwan multi-purpose reservoir. We consider the trade-offs between price and attributes of recreational attributes for selecting a preferred alternative and derive the marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) estimate for each attribute. The results show that the MWTP for providing additional 10,000 ton of water is estimated to be 3 won per household per year. The MWTP for improving 1 level of water quality is computed to be 645.5 won per household per year. Moreover, the MWTP for providing recreation facilities is calculated to be 1,518.6 won per household per year. This study allows us to provide policy-makers with useful quantitative information that can reduce uncertainty in the decision-making process related to a multi-purpose reservoir construction projects.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.96-112
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• 1998

This study aims to evaluate the potential of pro-environmental application(PEP) in streams conceptualized ecological conservation and recreational use to be in harmony with. The main content of research are to clarify the PEP, to establish the evaluation model, and to evaluate 3 streams(Dongchon, Seokhyunchon, Okchon) in Sunchon city. Researchers introduced 12 evaluation items(water quality, water quantity, vegetation-water area, vegetation conservation, streamscape, neighborhood landscape, stream width, optimum area, nearby landuse, facility in stream, distance from user, obstacle to acces) by 5 scales to evaluate the characteristics of natural and artificial factors in stream area and nearby area. Also to decide the weight of items, researchers surveyed the opinion of 22 landscape architects experienced stream-plan through delphi method. Lastly the pro-environmental potential on streams were calculated by the ecological potential and recreational potential indices to be standardized and indicidual sections in streams were divided 5 grades on the basis of PEP. The result of this study are as follows; 1) The evaluation model of PEP was constructed by 4 steps, such as the decision of weight, the measurement of scale, the calculation of potential indices, the gradation of individual sections in streams. 2) The ecological potential were highly influenced by natural factor such as water quality, vegetation conservation, vegetation-water area, but on the other hand the recreational potential were influenced by optimum area, distance from user, water quantity, obstacle to access. 3) The factors such as vegetation conservation, optimum area, nearby landuse, distance from user were function as discernment factors to evaluate relatively ecological and recreational potential. and water quality, water quantity, vegetation -water area, neighborhood landscape were acted as important items to decide PEP.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 2013

We compared the structure of fish community and condition of major fish species in Lake Chungpyung and Lake Paldang, which are relatively shallow, meso-eutrophic, cascading dam reservoirs on the North Han River. Two lakes have wide littoral zone in the lakeside providing similarly good habitat for fishes, whereas fishery and water recreational activities such as motorboating, water skiing are allowed in Lake Chungpyung but are prohibited in Lake Paldang. The average lengths of large size fishes in Lake Chungpyung are shorter than those of same species in Lake Paldang, resulting in the slight distortion of generation distribution of those species in Lake Chungpyung, possibly owing to the active fishery such as fixed shore net fishing, gill net fishing and angling. Meanwhile the condition of fishes represented by the length-weight relationship of fish species did not show the significant differences between two lakes and showed normal condition. To evaluate the impact of physical disturbance such as loud noise and turbulent wave from water recreational activities to fishes precisely, further studies including physiological responses to stress an spawing activity should be needed.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.615-625
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• 2015

This study examined the effects of wildlife or wildlife species on national park visitors' perception of place attributes and recreational experiences. Data were collected from 502 users of Seongsamjae Rest area and Nogodan Shelter area in Jirisan National Park and 173 college students during May-June 2014 using survey questionnaire. Some simulated photographs of water deer and Asiatic black bears were used for the college student survey. Overall, awareness about wildlife inhabiting in Jirisan National Park (AW) was not related with one's perception of place attributes (PPA) (i.e., crowdedness, naturalness, safety) and types of visitors' recreational experiences. Respondents with higher awareness about the presence of Asiatic black bear (AABB), however, tended to perceive Jirisan National Park as a place that provides 'wild' or 'natural' recreational opportunities compared to those with lower AABB. Differences in PPA (i.e., crowdedness, naturalness, safety) and types of recreational experiences were also found to be influenced by wildlife species. Respondents exposed to bear or water deer tended to perceive their recreational experiences as more 'wild'. Existence of wildlife in Jirisan National Park had a positive effect on the quality of visitors' recreational experiences. Different wildlife species showed different levels of effectiveness to quality enhancement of recreational experience. Some practical implications of the study were discussed from a managerial point of view.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.22-31
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to investigate in resources of natural recreation forest(RNRF) developed both publicly and privately in order to answer the research question: what are the differences in RNRF development between public and private developers. After reviewing the literature, the developer´s decision-making and motivation of investment, and the planning process of natural recreation forest, We constructed the conceptual framework and have formulated the hypothesis of this research. We had obtained data through a questionnaire, which surveyed of 625 visitors at 9 of the 72 natural recreation forests in Korea in 1999, We have analyzed the data using the mean difference test and logistic regression method. We found that 1) the overall quality of resource elements in RNRF has been development excellent except for the sociocultural element of recreational resources, and public recreation forest have been of higher quality than that fo private development, 20 in bivariate analysis, all the variables on quality of RNRF by public developers have turned out to be better than those of private ones, 3) in multivariate analysis, such variable as valley and water, forest and wildness area, wild life, and landscape have been statistically significant at one percent level, 4) the higher the value of valley and water, the higher the probability of public development, while the higher the value of other variables excluding water and valley, the more likelihood the recreational forest is developed by a private developer, and 5) forest and wildness area has been turned out to be the most important independent variable in contributing to the value of dependent variable. The research results suggest that 1) the differences in the quality of resource elements in RNRF developed by public and private body be considered in the planning and design process in order to develop diverse activities to make use of the resource potential, and 2) considering the resource characteristics of private natural recreation forest and the motivation of private developers, private natural recreation forest will possibly be more dynamic and dynamic attractive areas. It is recommended that the difference in the degree of visitor´s satisfaction between public and private development be examined.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.57-65
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• 2003

This study researches attributes , behaviors , satisfaction factors and degrees of curiosity of visitors to recreational forests in the suburbs of a large city. It aims to present suggestions for urban forest development and management policy by offering basic data which help to plan, design and manage recreational forests to increase the quality of these environments. The results are as follows First, in attribute, the visiting rate of males is higher than that of females, and the main users are in their thirties and forties. Sixty percent of visitors graduated from university and their rate of employment is evenly distributed. 95 percent of visitors are residents of the metropolitan area. In terms of behavior, major visitors are family units visiting during summer seasons and for overnight stays. 75% are re-visitors. 85% of visitors came to escape the city with families and friends, keep in good health and experience nature. Second, to extract the factors affecting visitor satisfaction in recreational forests, the natural environment, facilities, and management/use systems were identified as independent variables, while subordinate satisfactions were dependent variables. so regression analysis was used. Thus, the variables affecting the natural environment are quality of water, stream use, biodiversity, fresh air and landscape factors. The variables affecting facilities are puking, convenience, play facilities, sanitary arrangement and camping. Most important among the variables affecting management/use systems are educational facilities and access condition. On the basis of generalizing the study in the existing individual site, we must verify the visiting characteristics in recreational forests in the suburbs of a large city. Since development of recreational forests is understood as a sequence considering a site and a given condition, and since management and improvement must unfold according to these characteristics, a strategy is needed to reveal visitors' opinions about the site. Depending on the facilities and service, satisfaction of recreational forests is generally influenced by social and economic qualities. Also, this study can look into the effect according to use pattern motive and season. As suburban recreational forests have many overnight-users and younger men, programs suitable for these groups are needed. On the basis of variables affecting satisfaction according to natural environment, facilities, and use system, policies which can manage the natural environment and introduce educational programs are needed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.2023-2026
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.2 s.121
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• pp.25-36
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• 2007

This case study offers fundamental data for the research and construction of future of water. It also provides an understanding of the design and characteristics of the existing water bodies in urban parks. This study was begun by conducting field research on the completion of the construction of 67 different urban parks located in the downtown areas of the following cities: Gimhae, Yangsan, Changwon, Masan, and Jinju. The field research was conducted from July to October of 2006. Additional research was performed in July of 2007. Construction trends were examined and the design and characteristics of the types of locations, shapes, scales, materials, and added objects for the enhancement of recreational value of the 31 water bodies constructed in 18 urban parks out of the 67 were analyzed. According to the results of the study, the most common design feature was a fountain that shot up. The bodies of water were designed by using a simple technique in accordance with the basic principles of location, shape, size, materials, and added objects for the enhancement of recreational value, with the exception of a few different factors in the research subjects. In conclusion, it can be recommended that further research be conducted in the consideration and various plans of location, shape, size, materials, and added objects for the enhancement of recreational value of future constructions of water bodies in urban parks in order to offer a more pleasant environment to the users.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.83 no.4
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• pp.429-440
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• 1994

This study attempt to evaluate the recreation space(two patterns ; one is open space ; forest, water-front space and free open space, the other recreational fercilities) located in the natural area based on clarifying the relationship between the physical conditions of these spaces and human response(users' cognitive evaluation and users' activity pattern). On this standpoint it was proceeded to analyses of the information which was collected by interviews to users who were in this open space at the natural park of Osaka Prefecture. Through this study, the results were summarized as follows ; 1) Forest and waterfront space are considered to be a basic factor of the composition in natural recreation areas. There was difference on the recreational value depending on condition of forest composition. The hardwood-forest apparently high in its efficiency. 2) Free open space is a definite recreational space surely wide in its scope of active of recreational use. The site should be setted up considering the plants conditions around and geographical features according to the recreational activities, and the ground cover should be well controlled. 3) The recreational facilities in natural settings such as the sightseeing tower, the insect display hall, and the camp site appeared to produce low value as a recreational space. It was desirable that recreational activities be allowed within the scope. Consequently, we should carefully consider environmental capacity and landscape to designing these spaces 4) Traditional history and cultural properties are recognized as part of recreational resource as and also as essence of the compositions. So continuos care and proportion of history and cultural properties should be guaranteed.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.45-60
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• 2010

The objective of this article was to estimate the market size of recreational fishing in Korea. Data were collected through sample surveys of 3,081 households nationwide in 2008. The number of anglers was directly estimated by applying weights expressed as the ratio of population to the sample. Yields and expenditures were estimated based on modules developed. On the basis of the results, a total of 6,524 thousand anglers caught an estimated 643,343 thousand fish, divided 65.2% on inland lake and 34.8% on saltwater. An angler caught about 98 fish on average in 2008. A typical angler went fishing 9.6 times, divided 8.4 times on inland lake and 5.5 times on sea. An annual expenditure of 5,233.6 billion won was estimated. The total was divided 2,851.4 billion won on inland lake(54.5%) and 2,382.2billion won on saltwater(45.5%). An average angler spent 802 thousand won a year. This study also estimated volumes by various types of fish.