• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.593-603
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to study the Central Asian costumes($1{\sim}7C$) and develop new design items and suggest new brand launching. Korean apparel industry has been suffering from imbalance of supply and demand caused by the sagging economy and too many apparel companies. Due to the several years of recession, clothing consumption decreased and foreign brand's market share got bigger. As a result, managing a company became difficult and it is time for Korean apparel industry to enter the global market. We need a brand with new image and design that has big potential of purchasing power not only in Korea but also in China, and furthermore in global market. But even nearby Chinese market already became very competitive. One way of approaching Chinese fashion market is to find something special, for example, their historical background. Central Asian culture and costumes, a part of China, has both Eastern and Western culture. No other apparel industry had interest in the Central Asian costumes yet. Therefore, through their costume, a fresh design idea can be suggested.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.185-199
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• 2012

The most of international shipping cargoes are transported by ship and the shipping market has been continuously increasing. However, due to the recent global recession, the volume of trade decreased accordingly, and the competition between shippers to gain a competitive advantage in the shipping market continues deepening. To do this, researches on transportation costs savings as well as ways to improve customer service are needed and recently related researches are being pursued. Car carriers which transport more than 80% of car import and export volume in the world also make a lot of effort in order to reduce transportation costs, but in contrast related researches are seldom fulfilled. In this study, we developed an agent system that supports the efficient transportation of car carriers plan so that the car carriers can increase competitiveness through reduction of the logistics costs. To make this, we researched an algorithm for maritime transportation planning, and also developed a prototype of an agent system which can collect the necessary information in real time and establish a dynamic plan.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2011

The airliners are replacing their old fleet by brand new ones while the air traffic has recovered from the great recession. And the delivery and the backlog get almost highest record still in 2010. The single aisle leads the market and it will show harder competition with more efficient challengers. The recent strong demand of new aircraft reduces MRO and lease market and it makes some worries about the bubble in civil aircraft industry. In the long time forecast, the civil aircraft industry will grow steadily with over 60,000 delivery for 20 years. and the commercial aircraft market will be about 31,000~34,000 of them. And the emerging market will lead the growth.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.203-210
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• 2017

Companies are pursuing the management of small quantity batch production or JIT(Just-in-time) system for improving the delivery response and LOB(Line Balancing) in order to satisfy consumers' increasing demands in the current global economic recession. And in order to improve the growth of production for reducing manufacturing cost, improvements of the Load Balancing have become an important reformation factor. Thus this paper is aimed at warehouse which procures materials on the assembly line in procurement logistics of automotive logistics and proceed with research on heuristic algorithm development which can increase the Load Balancing of workers. As a result of this study, when applied the primary target value, it was verified that the whole workers decreased from 28 to 24. Furthermore, when specified the secondary target value and applied algorithm once more, it was verified that the Load Balance Ratio was improved from 44.96% to 91.7%.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.205-213
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• 2019

Recently, because of the global recession of the offshore plant industry and low-cost orders, there has been increasing interest in strengthening the competitiveness of domestic companies for the design and production technologies of offshore plants. However, in the offshore plant design field, the Plant Design Management System (PDMS), which is a 3D CAD program for plant layout developed by AVEVA Marine, is already commonly used as offshore plant design software and widely used in large domestic shipyards and cooperative design companies. Under this background, we have been thinking about ways to design better with the existing software. In this study, we developed a parametric design program to maximize the efficiency and reduce the working time for offshore plant electrical outfit production design based on the Programmable Macro Language (PML) of PDMS. We also examined its performance. By applying the developed program to the offshore plant module selected as an application example, it was confirmed that a 50% improvement in the work efficiency of cable tray design could be obtained compared with the existing method, with work efficiency improvements of 80% or more in other field design work.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2020

In recent years, oil prices have continued to be low owing to the development of unconventional resources such as shale gas, coalbed methane gas, and tight gas. However, shipping companies are still experiencing difficulties because of recession in the shipping market. Hence, they devote considerable effort toward reducing operating costs. One of the important parameters for reducing operating costs is the frictional resistance of vessels. Generally, a vessel is covered with paint for smoothing its surface. However, frictional resistance increases with time owing to surface roughness, such as that caused by fouling. To prevent this, shipping companies periodically clean or repaint the surfaces of vessels using analyzed operating data. In addition, studies using various methods have been continuously carried out to identify this phenomenon such as fouling for managing ships more efficiently. In this study, numerical simulation was used to analyze the change in the resistance performance of a ship owing to an increase in surface roughness using commercial software, i.e., Star-CCM+, which solves the continuity and Navier eStokes equations for incompressible and viscous flow. The conditions for numerical simulation were verified through comparison with experiments, and these conditions were applied to three ships to evaluate resistance performance according to surface roughness.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.239-253
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• 2021

Purpose: The single-flap approach (SFA) is a minimally invasive technique with limited mucoperiosteal flap elevation to gain access to the buccal/palatal aspects, thus limiting post-surgical complications. The purpose of the present study was to gain insights into the impact of the SFA over the double-flap approach (DFA) on periodontal flap treatment outcomes and patient compliance in terms of discomfort and time taken for surgical procedures. Methods: Twenty patients with persistent probing pocket depths of ≥5 mm were scheduled for the SFA (test site) and for the DFA (control site). All the clinical periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Radiographic bone level (cone-beam computed tomography) was evaluated at baseline and 6 months. Patients' postoperative pain perception and wound healing were also assessed. Results: The SFA showed a significant reduction in periodontal pocket depth, gain in clinical attachment level (CAL), and gain in bone level when compared with the DFA. The SFA substantially improved wound healing and induced less postoperative pain than the DFA. Conclusions: The SFA resulted in substantial improvement in the composite outcome measures, as shown by a reduction in pocket depth with minimal gingival recession, gain in CAL, early wound healing, less postoperative discomfort, and better patient-centered outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.573-588
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• 2023

Purpose: This study presents a research approach that utilizes deep reinforcement learning to construct optimal portfolios based on the business cycle for stocks and other assets. The objective is to develop effective investment strategies that adapt to the varying returns of assets in accordance with the business cycle. Methods: In this study, a diverse set of time series data, including stocks, is collected and utilized to train a deep reinforcement learning model. The proposed approach optimizes asset allocation based on the business cycle, particularly by gathering data for different states such as prosperity, recession, depression, and recovery and constructing portfolios optimized for each phase. Results: Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed deep reinforcement learning-based approach in constructing optimal portfolios tailored to the business cycle. The utility of optimizing portfolio investment strategies for each phase of the business cycle is demonstrated. Conclusion: This paper contributes to the construction of optimal portfolios based on the business cycle using a deep reinforcement learning approach, providing investors with effective investment strategies that simultaneously seek stability and profitability. As a result, investors can adopt stable and profitable investment strategies that adapt to business cycle volatility.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.160-174
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to develop a meso-scale grid-based continuous hydrological model and apply to assess the future watershed hydrology by climate change. The model divides the watershed into rectangular cells, and the cell profile is divided into three layered flow components: a surface layer, a subsurface unsaturated layer, and a saturated layer. Soil water balance is calculated for each grid cell of the watershed, and updated daily time step. Evapotranspiration(ET) is calculated by Penman-Monteith method and the surface and subsurface flow adopts lag coefficients for multiple days contribution and recession curve slope for stream discharge. The model was calibrated and verified using 9 years(2001-2009) dam inflow data of two watersheds(Chungju Dam and Soyanggang Dam) with 1km spatial resolution. The average Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency was 0.57 and 0.71, and the average determination coefficient was 0.65 and 0.72 respectively. For the whole Han river basin, the model was applied to assess the future climate change impact on the river bsain. Five IPCC SRES A1B scenarios of CSIRO MK3, GFDL CM2_1, CONS ECHO-G, MRI CGCM2_3_2, UKMO HADGEMI) showed the results of 7.0%~27.1 increase of runoff and the increase of evapotranspiration with both integrated and distributed model outputs.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.11-30
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• 2017

In addition to recession, world shipping companies are undergoing restructuring due to excess of "World Container Cargo volume" per "World Containership capacity" (in TEU terms). This excess is attributed to the absence of standard index of calculating the "World Containership capacity" (in TEU terms) for "World Container Cargo volume." The purpose of this study is to develop indices and terms: "World Containership capacity (in TEU terms) Standards Index; WCSI" and "World Containership capacity (in TEU terms) Expected Index; WCEI." The comparison between "WCSI" and "WCEI" made in this study is presented below. WCSI (Average voyage 9.3) > WCEI Excess shipping (in TEU terms) WCSI (Average voyage 9.3) = WCEI Optimum shipping (in TEU terms) WCSI (Average voyage 9.3) < WCEI Short shipping (in TEU terms) WCSI=HRCI $1000{\pm}150$ Value approx. The study shows that it is possible to predict "optimal supply of the world's containership capacity" (in TEU terms), "excess or shortage of shipping" (in TEU terms), "order time of container-ship capacity building" (in TEU terms), "order quantity of containership capacity" (in TEU terms), and "stable of World Shipping Companies" by "WCSI" and "WCEI." The development of "WCSI" and "WCEI" aim to help overcome the crisis of recession by establishing effective business strategies for world shipping companies and their supporting companies.