• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2016

Micro-algae, one of the biological resources for alternative energy, has been heavily studied. Among various methods to analyze the status of the micro-algae including counting, screening, and flocculation, the flocculation approach has been widely accepted in many critical applications such as red tide removal study or microalgae resource study. To characterize the flocculation status of the micro-alga. A traditional optical modality, i.e., photospectrometry, measuring the optical density of the flocs has been frequently employed. While this traditional optical method needs shorter time than the counting method in flocculation status analysis, it has relatively lower detection accuracy. To address this issue, a novel real-time micro-algae flocculation analysis method based on the lens-free shadow imaging technique (LSIT) is introduced. Both single cell detection and floc detection are simultaneously available with a proposed lens-free shadow image, confirmed by comparing the results with optical microscope images. And three shadow parameters, e.g., number of flocs, effective area of flocs, and maximum size of floc, enabling quantification of the flocculation phenomenon of micro-alga, are firstly demonstrated in this article. The efficacy of each shadow parameter is verified with the real-time flocculation monitoring experiments using custom developed cohesive agents.

• Atmosphere
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.501-509
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• 2019

Asian Dust is a meteorological phenomenon that sand particles are raised from the arid and semi-arid regions-Taklamakan Desert, Gobi Desert and Inner Mongolia in China-and transported by westerlies and deposited on the surface. Asian dust results in a negative effect on human health as well as environmental, social and economic aspects. For monitoring of Asian Dust, Korea Meteorological Administration operates 29 stations using a continuous ambient particulate monitor. Kim et al. (2016) developed an automatic quality check (AQC) algorithm for objective and systematic quality check of observed PM₁₀ concentration and evaluated AQC with results of a manual quality check (MQC). The results showed the AQC algorithm could detect abnormal observations efficiently but it also presented a large number of false alarms which result from valid error check. To complement the deficiency of AQC and to develop an AQC system which can be applied in real-time, AQC has been modulated. Based on the analysis of instrument status codes, valid error check process was revised and 6 status codes were further considered as normal. Also, time continuity check and spike check were modified so that posterior data was not referred at inspection time. Two-year observed PM₁₀ concentration data and corresponding MQC results were used to evaluate the modulated AQC compared to the original AQC algorithm. The results showed a false alarm ratio decreased from 0.44 to 0.09 and the accuracy and the probability of detection were conserved well in spite of the exclusion of posterior data at inspection time.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.19D no.4
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• pp.271-280
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• 2012

Currently, contents generated by SNS services are increasing exponentially, as the number of SNS users increase. The SNS is commonly used to post personal status and individual interests. Also, the SNS is applied in socialization, entertainment, product marketing, news sharing, and single person journalism. As SNS services became available on smart phones, the users of SNS services can generate and spread the social issues and controversies faster than the traditional media. The existing indexing methods for web contents have limitation in terms of real-time indexing for SNS contents, as they usually focus on diversity and accuracy of indexing. To overcome this problem, there are real-time indexing techniques based on RDBMSs. However, these techniques suffer from complex indexing procedures and reduced indexing targets. In this regard, we introduce the TK-Indexing method to improve the previous indexing techniques. Our method indexes the generation time of SNS contents and keywords by way of NoSQL to indexing SNS contents in real-time.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.21-29
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• 2011

This paper presents a method that estimates distance and velocity of an object with reliability regardless of maneuver status of the target in stereo vision system. A stereo vision system can calculate a distance with disparity from left and right images. However, the distance estimation error may occur due to quantization error of image pixel. A sub-pixel interpolation method minimizes the quantization error and estimates accurate disparity with real value. Extended Kalman filter (EKF) was used to minimize the error covariance and estimate the object's velocity. However, divergence problem occurs due to model uncertainty when a target maneuvers highly, which makes the estimation error increase. In this paper, we propose a virtual model extended Kalman filter (VMEKF) method that minimizes the processing time and provides reliable estimation ability regardless of maneuver status. Computer simulations and experimental results in real road environments demonstrate that the proposed method gives a reliable estimation performance and reduces processing time under various maneuver status while comparing other estimation filters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.637-650
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• 2014

Geospatial research on emergency response in multi-level micro-spatial environments (e.g., multi-story buildings) that aims at understanding and analyzing human movements at the micro level has increased considerably since 9/11. Past research has shown that reducing the time rescuers needed to reach a disaster site within a building (e.g., a particular room) can have a significant impact on evacuation and rescue outcomes in this kind of disaster situations. With the purpose developing emergency response systems that are capable of using complex real-time geospatial information to generate fast-changing scenarios, this study develops a Spatiotemporal Optimal Route Algorithm (SORA) for guiding rescuers to move quickly from various entrances of a building to the disaster site (room) within the building. It identifies the optimal route and building evacuation bottlenecks within the network in real-time emergency situations. It is integrated with a Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) based tracking system in order to monitor dynamic geospatial entities, including the dynamic capacities and flow rates of hallways per time period. Because of the limited scope of this study, the simulated data were used to implement the SORA and evaluate its effectiveness for performing 3D topological analysis. The study shows that capabilities to take into account detailed dynamic geospatial data about emergency situations, including changes in evacuation status over time, are essential for emergency response systems.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2022

Recently, the introduction of Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) has been attempted to solve the limitation of only the sensor of the vehicle itself. For example, vehicles traveling at intersections can drive more safely through C-ITS. By using V2X communication of WAVE and LTE, the driver can receive the status and time of traffic lights. However, LTE has a larger transmission delay time than WAVE, so timimg data may not match in real time. In this paper, using the SPaT message, it was confirmed that LTE has a larger C-ITS service transmission delay time than WAVE. Finally, it was confirmed that the timing data of SPaT provided by LTE corrected by the algorithm is similar to SPaT provided by WAVE. It was confirmed that safer intersection driving is possible based on real-time.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.133-152
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• 2017

Smart factory has been regarded as a big opportunity for manufacturing industries. However, little literature has been studied for the current status of Korean smart factory. Our paper tries to find gaps between research and real world by summarizing the recent literature and cases in Korean context. As the present level of smart factory introductions in Korean small manufacturing firms is lower than what a variety of literature says, our study points out that more efforts, investments and government support are required to catch up with the knowhow and technologies of developed countries although real-time control, enhanced productivity have been obtained. In future research, we will continue the smart factory study with the accumulated real data.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.440-450
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• 2021

Temperature and humidity data collection using real-time sensors and data loggers was conducted for integrated pest management in the collection storage and exhibition space of the Jeongnimsaji Museum, Buyeo. The real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system collected measurement data every 30 minutes and enabled real-time confirmation of the data through a linked application. If the temperature and humidity data measured in the real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system exceeds the set range, a push notification was sent to the mobile phone of the person in charge to provide status information to establish a continuous management system. Through this, it was possible to immediately recognize and take action when the temperature range exceeded the recommended relic temperature in August. We performed data visualization on the concentration of airborne fungus in the storage area and the inflow path and density of insects. Based on the recommended criteria presented by the National Institute of Cultural Heritage, The data on the spatial and temporal concentration of airborne fungus inside the collection storage were found to be maintained at a value below the standard recommended by the National Institute of Cultural Heritage (80 CFU/m³). Also, as a result of the insect inflow survey, no insects were captured inside the storage area, and in the case of the exhibition space, insects such as Scutigera coleoptrata, Loxoblemmus arietulus, Diestrammena asynamora, Koreoniscus racovitzai were captured. Based on this, as a result of visualization according to the individual density of captured insects by area, it was confirmed that the main inflow paths of insects were the external entrance and the toilet area.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2019

Research is underway on services and systems that provide real-time alerts for suffocating gases and potentially explosive materials, but currently smart bend type services are lacking. This study supports real-time identification of explosion hazards due to static electricity in the workplace and immediate elimination of accident occurrence factors, real-time monitoring of worker status and workplace hazards (oxygen, hazardous chemical concentration), and immediate warning and data in case of danger. We propose a method of establishing an accident prevention system through analysis. In this way, various accidents that may occur in industrial sites are monitored using IoT-based intelligent sensor nodes, wireless network technology, data processing middleware, and integrated control system, and real-time risk information at the industrial sites is prevented and accidents are prevented. By supporting a safe working environment, the company can significantly reduce costs compared to post-procurement costs.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.12A no.7 s.97
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• pp.583-588
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• 2005

To develop SoC program for embedded systems, a tool that can remotely debug from host system is needed. Because the existing remote debugging systems using GDB don't offer information of the SoC program execution in real-time, it is difficult to observe condition of the program execution, and also they have limited characteristics to tools and use costly adaptors. In this paper, a real-time tracking tool that can record SoC status on the nv each execution of the assigned instructions is introduced and an economical USB-JTAG adaptor is proposed. And it is shown that this tool can track the execution of a composed program in the target system based on PXA255 processor.