• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.383-401
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• 2012

The purpose of mathematics education includes two important areas; cognitive area that emphasizes mathematical knowledge and understanding and affective area that stresses mathematical interest and attitude. The purpose of mathematics education is not only in acquiring the contents and knowledge but also rousing up interest and attention toward mathematics. Therefore, effort to accomplish this affective purpose has to be made. Introducing history of mathematics to teaching can be a important method for the students to arouse interest and attention toward mathematics. History of mathematics can help the students who are familiar to only manipulation of the symbols to develop a new way of thinking and mathematical thoughts arousing reflective thinking. According to the survey, although the effect of using mathematics history has been recognized, the mathematics history has neither been developed as teaching materials nor reflected in the courses of study. The purpose of this research is to develop the reading materials into suit for the mathematics curriculum to extract contents of the mathematics valuable in using in elementary mathematics teaching, and to investigate the effect of reading materials using the history of mathematics on learning attitude in elementary school. The way of developing materials in this study is as follows. First, to select the interesting and instructive subject for the elementary students such as the story and life of a mathematician, developmental stages of mathematical theory and calculation currently used and finding the patterns of the rules that requires mathematical thoughts. Second, to classify the selected items according to mathematics curriculum. Third, to reorganize the classified items of the appropriate grade with the reading materials of dialogue pattern in order to draw attention and interest from the students I developed 18 kinds materials in accordance with the above procedure and applied 5 materials among them to one class in 4th grade. Analysing the student's responses, First, using history of mathematics helps the students to arouse interest and confidence on mathematical learning attitude. And the students became better attitude of studying by oneself and attention on class. Second, as know by opinions after lesson, most students have a chance refresh one's thinking of mathematics, want to know the other content of history of mathematics and responded to study hard in mathematics. As a result, the reading materials on the basis of the history of mathematics motivates students for mathematics and helps them become confident in mathematics. If the materials are complemented properly, they will be useful and effective for students and teachers.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.185-195
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• 2006

This study aims to clarify disfluency loci in a neurogenic stuttering group and to examine how the characteristics are different from a developmental stuttering group. For the study, spoken language samples were collected from 11 adults with developmental stuttering and 11 adults with neurogenic stuttering in the course of speaking tasks including reading, monologue and conversation. Using the collected samples, disfluency characteristics of the two groups were to be investigated by analyzing adaptation effect, consistency effect and frequency of disfluency occurrence according to word position, which are related to the occurrence loci of disfluency. Results of this study were as follows: First, while the neurogenic stuttering group did not show any adaptation effect, the developmental stuttering group showed the adaptation effect that the percent of disfluency word reducing as they read the same materials repeatedly. Second, there was no meaningful difference of consistency effect between the two stuttering groups. Third, the neurogenic stuttering group showed more disfluency frequency in final sounds among the word position compared to the developmental stuttering group.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.16-27
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze educational effect of ultrasound examination training with ultrasonic phantom in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology. Methods: All 4^th grade students in 2021 and 2022 of school of Korean Medicine, Dong-Shin University must be trained in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology according to ultrasound examination training guideline including Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). After completing ultrasound examination training, we distributed questionnaires to them about a confidence before OSCE and after OSCE, difficulty in using ultrasound, ultrasound reading, difficulty with probe manipulation and computer operation, ultrasound understanding, clinical usefulness. And then, we analyzed the related factors including descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, student's t-test and paired t-test by SPSS 12.0. Results: Confidence in using ultrasound showed differences among students by gender and year, but it was not statistically significant. The difficulty of ultrasound use and ultrasound reading was at a moderate level, and the gender difference was not significant, and the difference between the practical students by year was statistically significant. The difficulty of the operation of the ultrasonic probe was at a normal level, and the difference between the students in practice by gender and year was not statistically significant. Although they answered that they had a very good understanding of the use of ultrasound, there was a gender difference and it was statistically significant, and practical students by year was not statistically significant. They answered that the effect on clinical use was very sufficient, but it was not statistically significant. The appropriateness of the practice time was evaluated at a moderate level. Conclusions: The use and educational effect of ultrasound examination using ultrasonic phantom in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology clinical practice education was very effective.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-36
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• 2016

This study examines the sustaining power of program effects of Reading Comprehensive Strategy Program, for underachieving gifted students in middle schools, which was developed and applied by Choi(2015). The study was a kind of follow up study of Choi(2015) as this study traced and collected all data from the same samples that Choi(2015) used since Choi(2015) stopped his program and data collection from 31 participants for 9 to 12 months. As the results, Among 11 subjects, who overcome underachievement through Choi(2015)'s Reading Comprehensive Strategy Program, 5 subjects could consistently maintained their performance level. However, 3 subjects could not maintain their performance and went back to the underachieving level, and another 3 showed instability as they went up and down around the border line. And among 20 subjects, who could not help the underachieving level through Choi(2015)'s program, 5 subjects could reach the achieving level. But 15 subjects still remained in their underachieving level. In conclusion, we may say that at least 16.1%(5 among 31) of underachieving gifed students could overcome their underachiving issue by Choi(2015)'s program even in the most pessimistic view, and 51.6%(16 amoung 3) in the most optimistic view. After all, at least about 50% cases could not be explained only by cognitive factors such as absence of reading comprehensive strategy. We suggest that we should handle the underachieving issues of gifted students by more comprehensive approaches.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2024

Coarticulation is affected by the continuous movement of the articulator within a limited time and space through the neighboring segments and various overlaps. This study investigated the differences in coarticulation characteristics of children with reading disabilities and nondisabled children in CVC and VCV syllables consisted of stops, affricates, and vowels (a, i, u). The subjects were 13 children with reading disabilities and nondisabled children in the 2nd to 6th grades in elementary school. Two second formants were measured. One was measured at the point where the vowel began, and the other was measured at the mid point of the vowel stable section. Regression analysis was performed with F2 onset and F2 of the following vowel to obtain the locus equation (LE). 3-way ANOVA was conducted to the slope of the LE according to the groups (reading disabilities vs. nondisabled), places of articulation, and phonation types. In CVC syllable, dyslexic children showed a flatter slope than nondisabled children. With respect to the places of articulation, velar or bilabial sounds showed steeper LE slope than alveolar or palatal sounds. There were no main effects regarding group and phonation types variable for VCV syllable, and the significant differences in the places of articulation were also differed from the results for the CVC syllables. This study confirmed that dyslexic children showed a different pattern of coarticulation slope depending on the syllable structure. We also found that the higher pause rate of the dyslexic children had a stronger effect on the coarticulation in VCV structures.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.205-224
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• 2024

The reading processes of Chinese-Korean bilinguals, who have learned Korean as a foreign language, are expected to show different eye movement patterns compared to native Korean speakers. Moreover, these bilinguals may utilize knowledge similar to Chinese in processing Korean word meanings, especially for Sino-Korean words that share semantic relationships with Chinese, potentially processing them faster than native Korean words. This study observed whether Chinese-Korean bilinguals show the word frequency effect typically observed in Korean native speaker reading during Korean sentence reading. Additionally, eye-tracking experiments were conducted under conditions distinguishing between native Korean words and Sino-Korean words to investigate whether there is an advantage in processing Sino-Korean words. The results of the experiments showed that Chinese-Korean bilinguals did not show the same frequency effects as native Korean speakers, and they showed shorter response times in the Sino-Korean condition compared to the native Korean condition. Based on these findings, it is suggested that Chinese-Korean bilinguals, when learning Korean as a foreign language, employ strategies focused on meaning similarity akin to their native language vocabulary acquisition strategies, and they process Sino-Korean words faster than native Korean words, suggesting a potential advantage in learning and processing Sino-Korean vocabulary.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.621-640
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to measure the significant change in the career maturity of high school female students influenced by career exploration report writing program based on reading activities. This program was operated for a total of six weeks, and it took 100 minutes for two sessions per week with 23 high school female students. According to pre-post test comparative analysis, 5 out of 8 sub-factors of career maturity showed significant change. The 5 Factors are planning, self understanding, information search and career exploration and preparation actions. Above all the factor of knowledge on desired job especially showed a very considerable effect. But 3 factors such as attitude for occupation, independence and rational decision making did not show a significant result. Based on these, authors proposed some improvement plans of the career exploration report writing program.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.222-229
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate gas concentrations such as oxygen in ginger storage tunnels, which are the causes of asphyxiation in confined spaces and suggest directions for safety and health management at ginger farms. Methods: Five farms in the Seosan and Taean areas which use underground ginger storage tunnels were chosen and examined with a walk-through survey and direct reading device for oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and carbon monoxide. Results: The oxygen concentration in the storage tunnels with no ventilation was found to be under 18% in summer, which may cause health effects. The concentration in those with ventilation was about 19%. The difference in temperature by measurement day had little effect on the concentration of oxygen. Conclusions: Even though some of farms had used compulsory ventilation systems, none of the farms visited possessed any direct reading device for oxygen. Warning systems using a direct reading device can be more effective, helpful, and required compared to ventilation, considering the difficulty and expense of periodical maintenance of ventilation systems and the fact that a farmer can be placed in danger when unaware of the malfunction of the ventilation system. In addition, a warning system may make farmers more cognitive of agricultural safety and health actions while a ventilation system can cause them to become passive and ignorant of workplace hazards.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.499-513
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• 2014

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine frame ratio of text information and font size in the circle smartwatch. Background: Recently, electronic manufacturers try to develop the original metaphor of traditional wrist watch (circle) in terms of smartwatch. They endeavor to break the square display in order to improve emotional customer satisfaction. Method: The experiments examined twenty level of text information design, combinations of four frame ratios (1:1, 4:3, 16:9, 21:9) and five font sizes (6pt, 7pt, 8pt, 9pt, 10pt). Nineteen participants volunteered for the experiment. Dependent variables were WPM (Words per Minute), reading preference, design preference and total preference. Furthermore, small circle display was made by using circle display data (1.3inch), which was exhibited in IFA (International Funkausstellung) 2014. Results: As a result, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) revealed that WPM, and task time preference affect the specific frame ratio and font size. Results of ANOVA for reading preference, design preference, total preference were grouped by post-analysis LSD (Least Significant Difference). Among users, display ratio (16:9, 21:9), and font size (9pt) were preferred. In conclusion, 16:9 display ratio and 9pt are adaptable for text information in 1.3inch circle display. Conclusion: From the study, it is shown that 16:9 display ratio and 9pt size are more adaptable for text information in 1.3inch circle display than others. It is mainly due to the fact that the order of frame ratio and font size may affect the usability of reading long text information in a small circle display. Therefore, when developers design a circle display, the square frame ratio and font size are required to be considered according to circle size. Application: The 16:9 display ratio and 9pt font size may be utilized as a text information frame in the circle display design guideline for smartwatch.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.3046-3050
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• 2014

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 7-point interval scale(EAI) and visual analogue scale(VAS) on perceptual judgement and the reliability of severity on voice problems by dysphonic speakers. 30 undergraduate students studying communication disorder were enrolled in the perceptual evaluation. Those listeners judged overall voice severity within the anchored(condition 1) and non-anchored scales(condition 2) for vowel prolongation and reading tasks by 25 speakers with voice disorder. The results of this study showed that the scores by VAS was significantly higher than EAI in both condition 1 and condition 2 for vowel prolongation and reading task. However, the scores by EAI method was higher than by VAS method on voice severity of vowel prolongation (condition 1) and reading task(condition 2). These results suggest auditory-perceptual scaling procedures must be more studied in the aspects of clinical application of voice disorder.