• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 1992

A systematic study was conducted to identify and isolate a serologically pertinent antigen with high specific activity and low cross reactivity from P.westermani antigen. Differential centrifugation of the homogenate yield three particulate and one soluble fractions ; the $480{\times}G$ pellet(Pw1), the $7650{\times}G$ pellet(Pw2) treated with n-butanol(Pw3), and $100000{\times}G$ supernatnat(Pw4). Comparison of antigenicity of these antigens, based upon differential centrifugation, to that of saline extract of P. westermani worm(SEP) was performed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot techniques. The results obtained were as follows : 1) The ratio of absorbance value of ELISA against paragonimiasis positive pool sera to that of negative sera was highest when using Pw3 as antigen and that was lowest using Pwl. 2) Silver stained and SDS-PAGE of each antigen showed 34 and 13Kd band as common antigen band, but Pw2 didn't show clear band. 3) By immunoblot 55 and 34Kd bands using SEP and Pw4 showed strong positive reaction without cross reaction with sera from other helmenthic infections. Using Pw3, 10Kd band was observed as specific band. In conclusion, Pw3($100000{\times}G$ pellet urea soluble, treated with n-butanol) and Pw4($100000{\times}G$ supernatant) were usable for ELISA and immunoblot technique.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.40-47
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• 2016

Background: Assessments of Sit-to-Stand (STS) and gait functions are essential procedures in evaluating level of independence for the patients after stroke. In a previous study, we developed the software to analyze center of pressure (COP) in standing position on Wii Balance Board (WBB). Objects: This purpose of this study is to measure test-retest reliability of ground reaction forces, COP and time using WBB on STS and gait in healthy adults. Methods: Fifteen healthy participants performed three trials of STS and gait on WBB. The time (s), vertical peak (%) and COP path-length (cm) were measured on both tasks. Additionally, counter (%), different peak (%), symmetry ratio, COP x-range and COP y-range were analyzed on STS, 1st peak (%), 2nd peak (%) of weight were analyzed on gait. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error measurement (SEM) and smallest real difference (SRD) were analyzed for test-retest reliability. Results: ICC of all variables except COP path-length appeared to .676~.946 on STS, and to .723~.901 on gait. SEM and SRD of all variables excepting COP path-length appeared .227~8.886, .033~24.575 on STS. SEM and SRD excepting COP path-length appeared about .019~3.933, .054~11.879 on gait. Conclusion: WBB is not only cheaper than force plate, but also easier to use clinically. WBB is considered as an adequate equipment for measuring changes of weight bearing during balance, STS and gait test which are normally used for functional assessment in patients with neurological problems and elderly. The further study is needed concurrent validity on neurological patients, elderly patients using force plate and WBB.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.677-684
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• 2016

Various commercially available gas diffusion layers (GDLs) from different manufacturers were used to prepare an air electrode using $La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2}CoO_3$ perovskite (LSCP) as the catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an alkaline solution. Various GDLs have different physical properties, such as porosity, conductivity, hydrophobicity, etc. The ORR and OER of the resulting cathode were electrochemically evaluated in an alkaline solution. The electrochemical properties of the resulting cathodes were slightly different when compared to the physical properties of GDLs. Pore structure and conductivity of GDLs had a prominent effect and their hydrophobicities had a minor effect on the electrochemical performances of cathodes for ORR and OER.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.442-446
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• 2010

Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger responsible for a multitude of cellular responses. In this study, we utilized $\beta$-cyclodextrin ($\beta$-CD) as an artificial receptor with a hydrophobic cavity to elucidate the inclusion kinetics of cAMP in a hydrophobic environment using the ultrasonic relaxation method. The results revealed that the interaction of cAMP with $\beta$-CD followed a single relaxation curve as a result of host-guest interactions. The inclusion of cAMP into the $\beta$-CD cavity was found to be a diffusion-controlled reaction. The dissociation of cAMP from the $\beta$-CD cavity was slower than that of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP). The syn and anti glycosyl conformations of adenine nucleotides are considered to play an important role in formation of the inclusion complex. Taken together, our findings indicate that hydrophobic interactions are involved in the inclusion complex formation of cAMP with $\beta$-CD and provide insight into the interactions of cAMP with cAMP-binding proteins.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1725-1728
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• 2007

Mast cells are key effector cells in the early phase allergic inflammation and in diverse immunological and pathological processes. In order to understand the effect on reduction of the anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE antibody-induced β-hexosaminidase release in RBL-2H3 rat mast cells, a novel series of 4-senecioyloxymethyl- 6,7-dimethoxycoumarins (SMDC) was prepared by reacting 4-chloromethyl-6,7-dimethoxycoumarin with various carboxylic acids. Compounds 8-11 with cyclic moiety such as phenyl, thiophenyl, pyridinyl, and furanyl group were found to inhibit-hexosaminidase release more potently (5.98-9.62 μM) than compounds 3- 7 and 12 with acyclic moiety (19.32-76.78 μM). Furthermore, compounds 8 and 9 inhibited IgE-induced ear swelling and significantly reduced systemic passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in mice.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.70-70
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• 2003

The uterus undergoes dynamic changes during the cycle and displays many features typical of developmental process. In order to be prepared for implantation, endometrium undergoes predictable, sequential phases of proliferation and secretory changes. The uterus during estrus cycle synthesize a complex of signaling molecules with specific spatial and temporal modes of expression and which are critical for cell proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of this investigation was to use cDNA microarrays to evaluate the expression of genes of rat uterus in estrus cycle. Animals were sacrificed on proestrus, estrus, metestrus, diestrus. Differential gene expression profiles were revealed(growth-related c-myc reponsive protein RCL, heat shock 47-kDa protein (HSP47), cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide Vlc2 (COX6C2), calreticulin (CALR)). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to validate the relative expression pattern. Using this approach, we found several genes whose expression in rat uterus was altered with estrus cycle. Our long-term goal is to determine the role of these differentially expressed genes during estrus cycle. This study was supported by through the Biohealth Products Research Center(BPRC), Inje University.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 1987

This study is a part of the research on the coupled vibration of train wheel with the stepped thickness and rail. The research was conducted for the purpose of examining the dynamic characteristics of train wheel at the running state and preventing the vibrations of the high speed railway. The stress at the boundary surface of web and rim, .sigma.$_{c}$, was analyzed in consideration of the uniform In-plane compressive stress depending on the conditions of rolling and the In-plane compressive stress depending on the rotation of train wheel. Then the equation of transverse vibration of the annular plate with the stepped thickness was analyzed by Rayleigh-Ritz's method. As a result of study, it was known that the rotational speed increase the natural frequency slightly and the acceleration level highly while the reaction force between train wheel and rail decrease the natural frequency linearly and the critical buckling is generated at n=1.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.119-132
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• 2001

An immunoelectron microscopy employing immunogold labeling method was performed to detect tissue origin of Dl fraction (DIA) among 5 antigenic protein fractions partially purified by DEAE- anion exchange chromatography from water- soluble crude antigen (PIWA) of adult Paragonimus iloktsuenensis. Immune reactions of adult worm tissues with rabbit serum immunoglobulin immunized with crude antigen (PI-Ig) and D1 antigen (D1-Ig), as well as rat serum immunoglobulin infected with P. iloktsuenensis were observed. DlA showed strong antigenicity in the intestinal epithelium of the worms during the early infection period of 2-4 weeks after infection. The vitellaria also showed stronger antigenicity than the other tissue sites in immune reaction of tissues against all immunoglobulins from 4 to 33 weeks after vitelline development. Therefore, it is suggested that DlA was mainly originated from the intestinal epithelial tissues before the development of vitelline gland of the parasites. Immune-reactivity of two immunoglobulins (PI-Ig, Dl-Ig) was significantly different in intestinal epithelial cytoplasmic protrusions (CP) and intestinal epithelial secretory granules (SG). In the experimental group with Dl-Ig, gold particles were labeled significantly in CP than in SG when compared to the PI-Ig group. Thus, the major antigenic materials in Dl antigen having a strong antigenicity in the early infection period was considered to be originated from the intestinal epithelial tissue .

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.1143-1145
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• 2011

The synthesis of novel iminecalix[4]arenes and further modification thereafter is described using a synthetic strategy. The reaction of the benzaldehyde derivatives with tetraamine functions on the calix[4]arene easily afforded the pure compounds in 92.4-95.7% yields, regardless of the effect of the substituents on the benzaldehyde derivatives. These compounds were stable under the conditions to obtain their analogue dialkylated in the narrow rim, with 83.2-89.9% yields. Characterization of the newly synthesized iminecalix[4]arene derivatives by spectroscopic methods revealed that all compounds are in the cone conformations.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.77-90
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• 1993

The mechanism by which blastocysts implant to uterine endometrium has not been clearly understood. In the present study, the following question was investigated: how are hormonal levels changed and how is uterine endometrium morphologically changed? Results obtained are as follows: Concentrations of serum estradiol and progesterone were significantly increased on day 4 and 5 of pregnancy. Uterine concentrations of PGE and $PGE_{2a}$ were sharply increased on day 1 and maintained similar concentrations thereafter, reaching the maximum on day 5. Both prostaglandins (PGs) concentrations were gradually decreased thereafter. Furthermore, concentrations of PGs in implant sites were greater than those in non-implant sites. PBR (pontamine blue reaction) in uterine endometrium was positive on day 6 of pregnancy, indicating that vascular permeability was increased. Edema and changes in structure of cell components were pronounced in stroma where PBR was developed. Moreover, these were more prominent in implant sites than non-implant sites. These results suggest that uterine PGs as well as steroid hormones increase during implantation in rats and these hormones might be involved in the process of implantation by modulating vascular permeability and the fine structures of uterine endometrial cells.