• Title/Summary/Keyword: rat ovariectomy

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Effects of Mulberry fruits Extracts on Serum Lipid Level in Ovariectomized Rats (난소를 절제한 흰쥐에서 오디가 혈 중 지질 함량 변화에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi Kyung-Ha;Park Mi-Hwa;Kim Mihyang
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.15 no.5 s.72
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    • pp.834-839
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    • 2005
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different mulberry cultivars extracts on serum lipid contents in ovariectomized estrogen-deficient rats. Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: sham-operated rats (sham), ovariectomized control rats (OVX-control), ovariectomized rats supplemented with $ 80\% $ ethyl alcohol extracts from various kinds of Tajikistan mulberry (OVX-TM), Korea mulberry (OVX-KM) and China mulberry (OVX-CM) at 200mg/kg bw/day, respectively. The mulberry extracts were orally administrated at 1mL per day. The body weights of OVX rats were significantly heavier than the sham-operated rats at all values (p <0.05). The ovariectomy caused an expected increasing in the levels of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride. The serum HDL-cholesterol level on the OVX-TM, OVX-KM and OVX-CM groups were higher than in the OVX-control group.

Effect of Ethanol Extract of Safflower Seed on Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Rat

  • Cho, Sung-Hee;Choi, Sang-Won;Choi, Young-Sun;Kim, Hee-Jung;Park, Youn-Hee;Bae, Yong-Chul;Lee, Won-Jung
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.392-397
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    • 2007
  • We investigated whether ethanol extracts of the safflower seeds containing phenolic compounds were responsible for the bone-protecting effects. Crude ethanol extract (CEE) of the safflower seeds was fed for 4 weeks at the level of 1% in diet to female Sprague-Dawley rats that had been subjected to bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). The CEE effects (OVX+CEE) were evaluated by comparing results obtained from OVX, Sham, and OVX injected with $17{\beta}$-estradiol ($OVX+E_2$) groups. OVX resulted in a dramatic reduction in the trabecular bone mass of the proximal tibia (approximately 40% of the Sham group) and an increase in fat deposition in bone marrow. In $OVX+E_2$ group, the bone loss was completely prevented as well as marrow adiposity. In OVX+CEE group, approximately 80% of the bone mass was maintained compared with Sham group and fat deposition in the bone marrow was prevented. Meanwhile, the partially purified ethanol extract containing the phenolic compounds stimulated proliferation of the ROS 17/2.8 osteoblast-like cells in a dose-dependent manner, as potently as positive controls of $E_2$ and genistein. The present data demonstrate that the ethanol extracts of safflower seeds reduced bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency. The bone-protecting effect of safflower seeds seems to be mediated, at least partly, by the stimulating effect of the phenolic compounds on the growth of osteoblasts.

Fermented soybeans by Rhizopus oligosporus reduce femoral bone loss in ovariectomized rats

  • Yoo, Hyun-Wook;Chang, Moon-Jeong;Kim, Sun-Hee
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.8 no.5
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    • pp.539-543
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    • 2014
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Soy isoflavones are structurally similar to estrogen and bind to estrogen receptors, suggesting that they exhibit estrogenic activities; therefore, they are referred to as phytoestrogens. Fermentation may affect the bioavailability of isoflavones altering soy isoflavone glycosides in the form of aglycones. Thus, this study investigated the effects of fermented soybeans by Rhizopus oligosporus on bone metabolism in both young rats as a pilot test and in ovariectomized (ovx) old rats as a model of menopause. MATERIALS/METHODS: In the pilot test, a total of 24 seven-week-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed one of three diets for a period of four weeks: casein, unfermented soybean product, or fermented soybean product by R. oligosporus. In the ovx rat model, 20-week-old SD rats weighing 260-290 g underwent either sham-operation (n = 10) or bilateral ovariectomy (n = 30) and were then fed the AIN-93M diet for one week. Thereafter, rats were fed sham-casein, ovx-casein, ovx-soybean, or ovx-fermented soybean diet for five weeks. After decapitation, femoral bones were isolated and preserved in 9% formalin for assessment of bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone-breaking strength (BBS). RESULTS: Ovx rats showed significantly increased weight gain and decreased uterine wet weight. Of particular interest, ovx rats fed fermented soybeans showed increased uterine wet weights compared to control rats. Fermented soybean diet caused a significant increase in plasma 17-${\beta}$ estradiol concentrations in young rats, and 17-${\beta}$ estradiol levels were enhanced in ovx rats to match those of sham-operated ones. Significantly lower femoral BMD and BMC were observed in ovx rats compared to sham-operated controls, whereas bone areas did not differ statistically among the groups. In addition, BBS tended to be increased in ovx rats fed soybeans and fermented soybeans. CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation of fermented soybeans could have preventive and therapeutic effects against osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

The Effects of a Mineral Supplement (Aquamin $F^{(R)}$) and Its Combination with Multi-Species Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) on Bone Accretion in an Ovariectomized Rat Model

  • Lee, Hyun-Gi;Lee, Tae-Hee;Kim, Jung-Ha;Seok, Ju-Won;Lee, Seung-Hoon;Kim, Yong-Hwan;Kim, Jin-Eung;Chung, Myung-Jun;Yeo, Moon-Hwan
    • Biomedical Science Letters
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.213-220
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    • 2010
  • Although an adequete intake of calcium (Ca) is recommended for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis, the intake of Ca should be restricted because of its low rate of intestinal absorption. The purpose of this experiment was to identity the effect of the combined administration of Aquamin F (AQF) (a calcium agent) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on osteoporosis. Thirty ovariectomized (OVX) rats and six control rats were assigned to the following six groups, with six animals per group: sham Ca-deficient diet (Ca-D), OVX, LAB, AQF, and LAB-AQF. During the experiment, the body weight was measured; and after the experiment was completed, the serum biochemical analysis, the alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and inorganic phosphorus leves were measured. The tissue of the femur was stained and then scanned via CT. The body weight of the OVX group increased more significantly than that of the control group. The results of the bone mineral content (BMC), Bone mineral density (BMD), serum biochemical analysis and histological test on the femur epiphysis showed no difference between the OVX group and the LAB group, whereas the results of the AQF group were more significant than those of the OVX group. In particular, the LAB+AQF group showed more significant increases in the aforementioned results than the AQF group. This experiment showed that the combined administration of AQF and LAB in ovariectomized rats more significantly increased bone density than did a single administration of either AQF or LAB.

Effects of $1\alpha$, 25 Dihydroxycholecalciferol on Osteoporotic Fracture : Light Microscopic and Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation ($1\alpha$, Dihydroxycholecalciferol의 골다공증성 골절 치유효과 : 광학현미경 및 주사전자현미경적 관찰)

  • Bae, Chun-Sik
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.315-321
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    • 1999
  • Vitamin D is one of important factors involved in the regulation of bone metabolism. In osteoporosis, the therapeutic effect of vitamin D on the healing process of fracture has still been controversial. These studies were designed to understand the healing process of normal fibular fracture and the therapeutic effects of $1\alpha$, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol on the osteoporotic fracture in rats. The simple transverse fractures of rat fibulae were produced with a rotating diamond saw. The histological and ultrastructural changes of rats were observed. The histological and ultrastructural studies revealed the healing of the fibular fracture in the 5th week after simple transverse fracture. The osteoporosis impaired more the healing of osteoporotic fibular fracture than normal non-osteoporotic fibular fracture. The healing process of osteoporotic fracture was facilitated by the treatment with $1\alpha$, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol, however, was delayed more than the healing process of normal fracture. These results suggest that $1\alpha$, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol was effective for reducing the deleterious effects of osteoporosis in fracture healing.

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The Effect of Porphyra tenera Extract on Serum Lipid Content in Ovariectomized Rats (김 추출물이 갱년기 장애 유도 흰쥐의 혈 중 지질 변화에 미치는 영향)

  • 한희선;배송자;김미향
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.356-361
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    • 2004
  • The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Porphyra tenera (PT) extract on serum lipids content in ovariectomized rats. From day 3 until 42 after the ovariectomy, Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: sham-operated rats (Sham), ovariectomized control rats (OVX-control), ovarjectomized rats supplemented with PT at 50 mg/kg bw/day (OVX-PT50), 200 mg/kg bw/day (OVX-PT200). The PT ethanol extract were orally administrated at 1 m1 per day. Body weight gain, food intake and food efficiency ratio were not significantly different between groups. Although total-cholesterol was increased in OVX-control, supplementation with the PT decreased the level of cholesterol in serum. Especially, it was significantly decreased in OVX-PI50 (p<0.05). Triglyceride was significantly decreased to almost all of groups supplemented with PT (p<0.05). The levels of HDL-cholesterol was higher in PT extract group than OVX-control. These results suggest that supplementation with the PT extract positively influenced on lipid concentration in serum. Consequently, we expect that PT extract decrease risk of cardiovascular diseases by postmenopausal.

Effects of several herbs and Bogol-Tang on the experimental osteoporosis of rat (수종(數種)의 한약재(韓藥材)와 보골탕(補骨湯)이 흰쥐의 실험적(實驗的) 골다공증(骨多孔症)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Han Jung-Woo;Yook Tae-Han
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.188-205
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    • 2001
  • Objective : The purpose of this studies was to determine the effect of Carthami semen, Bogol-Tang and Rhynchosia volubilis Lour. on changes of trabecular area and physiological metabolites in the ovariectomized osteoporotic Rats. Methods : In order to induce estrogen deficient osteoporosis, ovariectomy was done on rats. Then the Carthami semen, Bogol-Tang and Rhynchosia volubilis Lour. were orally administerd: Such indexes were measured as the changes of body weight, bone mineral density, trabecular area in tibia, and levels of osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, cholesterol, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum. Results : 1. The change of bone mineral density in Bogol-Tang group and Rhynchosia volubilis lour. group. was significantly increased compare to control group. 2. The change of trabecular area % in epiphysis of tibia in Carthami semen group was significantly increased compare to control group. 3. The change of trabecular area % in diaphysis of tibia in Bogol-Tang group was significantly increased compare to control group. 4. The change of serum osteocalcin in Bogol-Tang group was significantly decreased compare to control group. 5. The change of serum bone alkaline phosphatase in Bogol-Tang group was significantly decreased compare to control group. 5. The change of serum bone alkaline phosphatase in Bogol-Tang group was significantly decreased compare to control group. 6. The change of1 serum calcium in Rhynchosia volubilis lour. group was significantly decreased compare to control group. 7. The change of phosphorus in Carthami semen group and Rhynchosia volubilis Lour. group was significantly decreased compare to control group. 8. The change of serum cholesterol and triglyceride of experimental groups were decreased in comparison with control group. 9. The change of serum AST(Aspartate aminotransferase : GOT) in Rhynchosia volubilis Lour. group was decreased compare to control group. 10. The change of serum ALT(Alanine aminotransferase : GPT) in Bogol-Tang group was decreased compare to control group.

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Effect of Biochemical Makers of Bone Metabolism by Administration of Radix Concentration in Ovariectomized Rats (골다공증 쥐에서 우슬의 농도별 투여에 따른 골대사의 생화학적 마커에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Eun-Jung;Kim, Young-Eok;Jang, Mee-Kyung;Kim, Young-Il;Kim, Hyung-Woo;Kim, Gye-Yeop
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.967-972
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    • 2007
  • Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease and is characterized by diminished bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fracture. We investigated the effects of the extract from Acyranthes Radix on the progress of bone loss in ovariectomized rats for 6 weeks. Female Sprague-Dawley 40 rats of 3-4 weeks, weight 200 ${\pm}$ 10g were divided into two groups including the sham operation group(8 rats) and ovariectomy group(32 rats). The dose-dependent effect of Acyranthes Radix extract on bone mineral density and biochemical testing was assessed in ovariectomized rat. Body weights were increased in all groups was higher in experimental group than sham operation group. The level of bone mineral density, GPT, and serum P concentration, ALP were increased experimental group, but a little increase in sham operation group at same period. This longitudinal study result made conclusion that Acyranthes Radix extract treatment appeared to improve the osteoporosis delaying the progression to the osteoporotic process in rats.

A Study on the trabecular change of Femur according to $17{\beta}-Estradiol$ Dosage in Ovariectomized Rat (난소 절제된 백서에서 에스트로젠 투여용량에 따른 대퇴골주 변화에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Seong-Joo;Kim, Kyung-Wook;Lee, Jae-Hoon
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.155-163
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    • 2000
  • Osteoporosis is the consequence of an imbalance between osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity, coupled with an increased rate of bone turnover observed with menopause. Estrogen is generally considered to maintain bone mass through suppression of bone resorption. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rat femoral trabecular change not only in the deficiency of estrogen but also in the administration of estrogen following ovariectomy(OVX). 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to bilateral OVX or sham surgery(control). Groups of OVX were divided into 4 groups. The first group was injected daily with vehicle alone for 20 days after 20 weeks following OVX. The additional groups of OVX was injected daily with low, medium, or high doses of $17{\beta}-estradiol$(10, 25 or $50{\mu}g/kg$ BW, respectively). All rats were sacrified 23 weeks after OVX, and their femur were processed for H&E, MT stain and histomorphometry. The results were as follows; 1. In the histomorphometric analysis, the trabecular bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular thickness and trabecular seperation were respectively $31.2{\pm}8.3%$, $54.3{\pm}4.8{\mu}m$ and $280.7{\pm}16.4{\mu}m$ in vehicle treated OVX group and $48.6{\pm}7.3%$, $90.4{\pm}4.5{\mu}m$ and $126.3{\pm}5{\mu}m$ in sham operation group, and they showed statistical significance compare to control group. 2. The trabecular bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular thickness and trabecular separation were respectively $44.4{\pm}4.3%$, $109.5{\pm}12.3{\mu}m$ and $94.9{\pm}8.5{\mu}m$ in low doses of $17{\beta}-estradiol$ injected group and they showed statistical significance compare to OVX group. 3. The trabecular bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular thickness and trabecular separation were respectively $44.4{\pm}4.3%$, $109.5{\pm}12.3{\mu}m$ and $94.9{\pm}8.5{\mu}m$ in medium doses of $17{\beta}-estradiol$ injected group and they showed statistical significance compare to OVX group, but they didn't show statistical significance compare to low doses of $17{\beta}-estradiol$ injected group. 4. The trabecular bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular thickness and trabecular separation were respectively $46.4{\pm}4.5%$, $154.4{\pm}13.2{\mu}m$ and $113.7{\pm}12.8{\mu}m$ in high doses of $17{\beta}-estradiol$ injected group and they also showed statistical significance compare to OVX group, but they didn't show statistical significance compare to other experimental groups. From the above results, metaphyseal bone formation was markedly reduced in OVX rate but treatment of OVX rats with $17{\beta}-estradiol$ resulted in normalization of femur trabecular bone volume. But they didn't show statistical significance the effect of bone formation according to the dose dependency.

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Effects of Phlomis Umbrosa on Prevention of Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats (속단(續斷)이 난소적출 흰쥐의 골조직 대사에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Yeun-Soo;Park, Won-Sang;Kim, Eun-Young;Oh, Hyun-A;Lee, Hyun-Sam;Sohn, Young-Joo;Sohn, Nak-Won;Jung, Hyuk-Sang
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.562-568
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    • 2008
  • Theosteoporosis, which is occurred after menopause, is a kind of metabolic bone disorder. It develops when the bone mass begins to decrease radically and its main symptoms are the bone fracture and the height-shortening. This thesis aims at what effects the Phlomis umbrosa will have for the prevention of the osteoporosis in the SD-rat that is caused by the ovariectomy. The 24 female white rats, after their ovaries are removed, were divided into the Normals, the Control group, Phlomis umbrosa Administrated group. After then, for 8 weeks, D.W to the normals and the control, and the Phlomis umbrosa(46 mg/100 g) to the Phlomis umbrosa group were given in the mouths of them. After 8 weeks the rats were sacrificed. And the weight, albumin, AST, ALT, total-cholesterol, triglyceride, P, Ca, T4, estradiol, the weight of the femur, the amount of tibia ash, the area of trabecular bone, the thickness of trabecular bone were measured. The serum analysis shows that the total cholesterol of the Phlomis umbrosa Administrated group reduced remarkably, compared to that of the control group. AST, ALT, ALP, T4 of Phlomis umbrosa group were decreased, but not in distinct measure. Estradiol of Phlomis umbrosa group increased substantially compared to that of the control group, but albumin, triglyceride, Phosphorous, calcium of the group showed the tendency to increase, but not so remarkably. The histological observation shows that the area and the thickness of (trabecular bone), the number of osteoclast of the Phlomis umbrosa groups increased significantly compared to those of the control group. Conclusions: The above experiment shows that Phlomis umbrosa has the prevention effect by supplying estradiol.