• 오토저널
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.73-80
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• 1991

Air/fuel ratio control system for gasoline engines has been analyzed to determine the control gain of the system. In this analysis the engine is modelled to be a simple time delaying element and the ramp-and-jump method is used to control air/fuel ratio. The result shows that it is necessary to measure the air flow rate accurately to enhance the control performance. And also it is shown that the control gain must be determined in some bounded region to meet the fast dynamic response and high catalyst conversion efficiency together.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.423-425
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• 1998

Resonance effects and nonlinear frictions which generate many problems in control system exist in almost all the servo system. therefore, In this paper, the design procedure which employs $H_{\infty}$ control theory after augmenting with two integrators is proposed to track the ramp input. Limit cycles are unavoidable by the effect of interaction between two integrators and Coulomb friction in these system. The describing function is used to check the limit cycles and decide the coefficients of two integrators to minimize the effect of the limit cycles.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to investigate the kinematics of young adults during descent ramp climbing at different inclinations. Twenty-three subjects descended four steps at four different inclinations (level, $-8^{\circ}$, $-16^{\circ}$, $-24^{\circ}$). The 3-D kinematics were measured by a camera-based Falcon System. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Student-Newman-Keuls test. The kinematics of descent ramp walking could be clearly distinguished from the kinematics of level walking. On a sagittal plane, the ankle joint was more plantar flexed at initial contact with $-16^{\circ}/-24^{\circ}$ inclination, was decreased in the toe off position with all inclinations (p<.001),and was decreased at maximum plantar flexion during the swing phase (p<.001). The knee joint was more flexed at initial contact with the $-24^{\circ}$ inclination (p<.001), was more flexed in the toe off position with all inclinations (p<.001), and was more flexed at minimum flexion during stance phase and at maximum flexion during swing phase with $-16^{\circ}$, $-24^{\circ}$ inclination (p<.001). The hip joint was more flexed in the toe off position with $-16^{\circ}$, $-24^{\circ}$ inclination and was deceased at maximum extension during stance phase with $-16^{\circ}$, $-24^{\circ}$ inclination (p<.05). In the frontal plane, the ankle joint was more everted at maximum eversion during stance phase with $-16^{\circ}/-24^{\circ}$ inclination (p<.01) and was decreased at maximum inversion during swing phase with $-16^{\circ}$, $-24^{\circ}$ inclination (p<.01). The knee joint was more increased at maximum varus during stance phase with $-16^{\circ}/-24^{\circ}$ inclination (p<.001). The hip joint was deceased at maximum adduction during stance phase with $-24^{\circ}$ inclination (p<.05). In a horizontal plane, only the knee joint was increased at maximum internal rotation during stance phase with $-24^{\circ}$ inclination (p<.05). In descent ramp walking, the different gait patterns occurred at an inclination of over $16^{\circ}$ on the descending ramp in the sagittal and frontal planes. These results suggest that there is a certain inclination angle or angular range where subjects do switch between level walking and descent ramp walking gait patterns.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.547-554
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• 2006

This paper is concerned with an optimal control suspension system using the preview information of road input based on a quarter car model. The main purpose of the control is to combine good vibration isolation characteristics with improved attitude control. The optimal control law is derived with the use of calculus of variation, consisting of three parts. The first part is a full state feedback term that includes integral control acting on the suspension deflection to ensure zero steady-state deflection in response to static body forces and ramp road inputs. The second part is a feed-forward term which compensates for the body forces when they can be detected, and the third part depends on previewed road input. The performance of the suspension is evaluated in terms of frequency domain characteristics and time responses to ramp road input and cornering forces. The effects of each part of the suspension controller on the system behavior are examined.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.291-298
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• 2003

Recently, load/unload(L/UL) process is applied to a computer information storage device due to its advantages such as lower power consumption, larger data zone, simpler fabrication of disk for no bumped parking zone, and rarer contact between the slider and media. An analysis of the transient motion for the slider is very important to design an air bearing surface (ABS) of the slider to secure the stable performance of the system. During the L/UL process, however, there are several issues occurred such as contact or collision between slider and media. Sometimes this will cause the system failure. In this study, the dynamics of the slider during the loading process are investigated through a numerical simulation using FEM analysis and experiment.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2005년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.581-583
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• 2005

The paper is final report for speed control upgrade and analysis report which recently performed on PWR NPP safety related EDG KHNP Ulchin NPP No.2 Unit. The upgraded system includes more beneficial function like as 'Slow start with starting ramp', 'Generator load sensing & control capability' and 'Emergency ramp during slow start'. This paper shows functional operation of slow start regime according to NRC regulatory guide which guide regulation to NPP safety related environment.

• 한국도로학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국도로학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.103-111
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• 2008

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2022

월파된 파도를 이용한 파력발전시스템을 월파수류형 파력발전기 OWEC(Overtopping Wave Energy Converter)라고 한다. OWEC의 성능은 발전 시스템은 특성상 파도의 파고와 주기의 영향을 받는다. 파도는 해양에 따라 파고, 주기, 파도 방향 등의 특성이 다르고 이러한 파도의 다양한 특성 때문에 OWEC는 안정적인 전력을 생산하기 어렵다. 따라서 각 바다의 특성에 따른 OWEC의 적절한 형상에 관한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 SPH(Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) 입자법을 사용하여 OWEC의 램프 설계가 hydraulic efficiency에 미치는 영향을 확인했다. 총 10개의 모델을 설계하였으며, 선택된 매개변수에 따라 램프의 설계 파라미터를 선택하고 사면의 형상을 변경하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 해석 결과로부터 구한 유량을 기초로 hydraulic efficiency를 산출하였다. 계산된 hydraulic efficiency를 바탕으로 각 변수가 사면의 형상에 따른 월파 성능에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 특정 해역에 따른 OWEC 램프의 적절한 형상에 대한 방향을 제시하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권5D호
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• pp.649-656
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• 2011

교통수요의 증가와 이용행태는 도로 건설로만 감당하기에는 한계에 도달했고 기존 시스템의 최대 활용을 도모함으로써 그 해결방안을 찾고자 하는 노력이 다방면에서 검토 연구되고 있는데 그 중 가장 대표적인 전략이 연결로 진입교통량을 통제하는 램프미터링 시스템(RMS)이다. 현재 운영되고 있는 서울외곽순환고속도로 장수~중동 구간 운영기준을 고찰하고, 지리적 및 교통상황을 고려한 운영기준을 재정립하였다. 이것을 위해 국내 및 해외 램프미터링 운영기준을 분석하였고, 단절점 분석으로 새로운 램프미터링 운영기준을 제시하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.405-414
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• 2014

IT 자원의 동적 확장과 비용절감이라는 클라우드 서비스의 장점은 IT 사용자의 관심이다. 그러나 클라우드 서비스의 신뢰성은 클라우드 서비스를 적극적으로 사용하는데 걸림돌이 되고 있다. 기존 클라우드 서비스의 평가 프로그램은 ISO/IEC 27001:2005을 참고하여 정보보호 평가 항목을 도출하고 클라우드 서비스 특징을 추가하는 방법으로 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문은 최근 발표된 ISO/IEC 27001:2013의 추가와 삭제 그리고 변경된 통제영역 및 통제 항목을 살펴본다. ISO/IEC 27001:2013의 통제 항목과 클라우드 서비스 평가 프로그램인 CSA CCM v.3, FedRAMP의 통제 항목을 비교 분석하여 정보보호관리체계에서 클라우드 서비스와 관련된 평가 항목을 제시한다. 도출한 통제 항목은 클라우드 서비스 기반의 정보보호관리체계를 운영하는 기업의 보안 정책에 참고 지표가 될 것이다.