• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.303-311
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• 1999

Nuclear DNA was isolated from the sperm cells representing genetic characteristics and genomic polymorphisms of rainbow trout by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification of DNA using arbitrary primers. Genomic DNA fingerprints were generated from rainbow trout sperm DNA by polymerase chain reaction amplification using 20 arbitrary decamers as primers. Out of these primers, 4 generated 17 highly reproducible RAPD markers, producing almost six polymorphic bands per primers. Four of 6 primers tested generated amplified fragments which were polymorphic between different individuals. Polymorphic DNA fragments were reproducibly amplified from independent DNA preparations made from individuals. Rainbow trout was distinctly observed 3 specific DNA markers (2. 3, 2.0 and 1.3kb) in bandsharing. Individual fragments generated using the same arbitrary primer, demonstrated that a single primer detected at least three independent genomic polymorphisms in rainbow trout sperm DNA. The RAPD polymorphism generated by this primer may be used as a genetic marker for individual identification The RAPD-PCR technique has been shown to reveal informative polymorphism in many species of fish. The present results demonstrate that RAPD markers are abundant, reproducible and provide a basis for future gene mapping and MAS in these important aquaculture species using RAPD polymorphic markers. It is concluded that RAPD polymorphisms are useful as genetic markers for fish breed differentiation.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2003

A new technique combining forced-feeding and dorsal aorta cannulation was developed to monitor concentration of nutritions in the blood circulation and their metabolites in rainbow trout. To study the effect of dorsal aorta cannulation on stress, 30 rainbow trout (523$\pm$5.4 g; Mean$\pm$SD) were divided into 6 groups of 5 individuals each. A group was anesthetized and blood samples were taken at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 or 48 h after dorsal aorta cannulation. Hematocrit peaked at 6 h and returned to 0 values by 12 h after dorsal aorta cannulation. Plasma cortisol and glucose concentrations also peaked at 6 h and returned to 0 values by 48 h after dorsal aorta cannulation. Based on the plasma cortisol and glucose concentrations, the rainbow trout recovered from the operation of dorsal aorta cannulation within 48 h. To compare the patterns of plasma free amino acid concentrations after force-feeding in the fish with dorsal aorta cannulation, 5 dorsal aorta cannulated individuals (511$\pm$6.2 g) were kept in a cage. After 48 h starvation, they were anesthetized and blood samples were taken at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36 or 48 h after forced-feeding. The concentration of all plasma free amino acids, except isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan, also peaked at 4 h and returned to 0 values by 24 h after feeding. The combined technique allows forced-feeding and repeated sampling of blood in rainbow trout with minimum stress.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1557-1561
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• 2013

Carbonic anhydrase isozymes are a widespread, zinc-containing metalloenzyme family. The enzyme catalyzes the reversible inter-conversion of $CO_2$ and $HCO_3$. This reaction is the main role played by CA enzymes in physiological conditions. This enzyme has been found in virtually all organisms, and at least 16 isozymes have been isolated in mammals. Unlike mammals, there is little information available regarding CA isozymes in the tissues of non-mammalian groups, such as fish. Carbonic anhydrase is very important in the osmotic and acid-base regulation in fish. It is well-known that the gills of fish play the most important role in acid-base relevant ion transfer, the transfer of $H^+$ and/or $HCO_3^-$, for the maintenance of systemic pH. Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, is the most important freshwater fish species in the aquaculture industry of Korea, with annual production increasing each year. In addition, environmental toxicology research has shown that rainbow trout is known to be the species that is most susceptible to environmental toxins. Consequently, carbonic anhydrase was detected in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The isolated protein showed the specific band with a molecular weight of 30 kDa and pI of 7.0, and it was identified as being carbonic anhydrase. The immunohistochemical result demonstrated that the carbonic anhydrase was located in the epithelial cells of the gills.

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.136-136
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• 2003

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 1993

난모세포성숙기 (peripheral germinal vesicle stage)의 무지개송어(Oncorhynchus mykiss)를 대상으로 방사성 표지 전구체(3H-pregnenolone, 3H-l7$\alpha$-hydroxyprogesterone 그리고 3H-androstenedione)를 이용하여 유 nitro에서 관찰한 협막세포층의 스테로이드 주 대사 경로는 다음과 같으며, pregnenolone -) 17a-hydroxypregnenolone$\longrightarrow$ 17u-hydroxyprogesterone $\longrightarrow$ androstenedione $\longrightarrow$ testosterone 이는 $\Delta$5-스테로이드 경로의 존재가능성을 지적하고 있다.

• 베이커리
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• no.5 s.418
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• pp.153-155
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.67-67
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• 2003

Dorsal aorta cannulated rainbow trout averaging 505 $\pm$ 6.5g (Mean $\pm$ SD) were divided into 7 groups (5 fish per group). Twenty four hour post feeding, cannulated fish were intubated with one of seven L-amino acid diets containing graded levels of Valine (Val. : 0.45, 0.95, 1.20, 1.45, 1.70, 1.95 or 2.45%) at 1% of body weight. Blood samples were taken at 0, 5 and 24hr after feeding the experimental diets. Post-prandial (5h after feeding) plasma-free Valine concentrations (PPval.) increased linearly from fish fed diets containing Valine between 0.45 and 1.45%, but the concentration remained constant from fish fed diets containing valine between 1.45 and 2.45%. Post-absorptive (24h after feeding) plasma free valine concentrations (PAval) increased linearly from fish fed diets containing valine between 0.45 and 1.45%, but the concentration remained constant from fish fed diets containing valine between 1.45 and 1.95%. Using the broken-line model analysis, the dietary valine requirement by PPval and PAval could be 1.44 and 1.50% in rainbow trout, respectively. These results supported that the estimated dietary valine requirement by PP(val.) and PA(val.) could be in close agreement with the values obtained from the previous conventional feeding method. Thus, the use of PFAA concentrations for determining essential amino acid requirements could be possible in rainbow trout with dorsal aorta cannulation.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 1996

The growth of total length(TL), total weight(TW) and somatic weight(SW) of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss alevin at yolk absorption period was expressed by the Gompertz growth model as $TLt=2.7e^{-1.24{\cdot}e^{-0.11t}}(r^{2}=0.66)$, $TWt=1.8e^{-2.03{\cdot}e^{-0.11t}}(r^{2}=0.66)$ and $SWt=1.8e^{-5.41{\cdot}e^{-0.13t}}(r^{2}=0.83)$ respectively. Yolk length, yolk height and yolk volume of rainbow trout decreased linearly. The relative growth of total weight-total length, somatic weight-total length, yolk length-total length, yolk height-total length, yolk volume-total length, yolk weight-total length, yolk weight-total weight, yolk weight-yolk height and yolk weight-yolk length at yolk absorption period revealed the pattern of yolk absorption in rainbow trout.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2014

Coloring agents in food materials plays important roles in the development of attractive products as well as in the functionality of food such as antioxidant or vitamin supplementation. Carrot has been used as an orange coloring agent in the decoration of food but also a major source of vitamin A complex. Though orange has been considered a typical color of carrot, the Rainbow carrot has been developed recently, which exhibit the various colors such as red, pale yellow, purple, orange or their mixtures. After categorization onto 8 groups by their colors, vitamin A complex (${\beta}$-carotene, lycopene and lutein) and soluble sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) have been analyzed in carrots. The ${\beta}$-carotene was abundant in the groups of orange (Group-O) or groups with the orange color (group-OP, and group-YOP). The content of lycopene content was exclusively high in the red color carrot (group-R). The highest lutein contents were observed from the yellow-purple (group-YP) group. Meanwhile, little amounts of lycopene and ${\beta}$-carotene were observed in yellow-purple (group-YP) nor yellow (group-Y) on yellow (group-Y). Among the reducing sugars in 'rainbow carrots', the amount of sucrose was two times higher than those of fructose and glucose. However, the content of glucose, fructose and sucrose as well as the total reducing sugars did not differ between color groups suggesting little variations on their tastes.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 1996

Hybird and allotriploid between female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and male coho salmon (O. kisutch) were produced by artificial fertilization and heat shocks. Hatching and survival rate of allotriploid at 2 month after hatching was $77.6\%$ and $54.5\%$ respectively, and these rates clearly exceeded those of their hybrid. Cell and nuclear sizes of the erythrocyte of hybrid were intermidiate of their parents and those of allotriploid were larger than thier hybird. The somatic chromosome number of viable hybrid was 2n = 60 and that of allotriploid was $90\~93$ with chromosomal polymorphism. Allotriploid karyotpe was constituted by two sets of rainbow trout chromosome and one set of coho salmon chromosome.