• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2011

The rupture of an expansion tube is mainly affected by the expansion ratio and the external shape of the punch used to expand the tube. In order to prevent the tube from rupture, the effect of the external shape of the punch should be considered in the design. The aim of this paper is to confirm the effect of key design parameters of the punch on rupture of the tube using a finite element analysis with a ductile damage model. The results of the analysis indicated that the expansion ratio of the tube was mainly affected by variation of the radius of the punch. However, the rupture was more affected by variation of the punch angle than the radius of the punch. The existence of a specific punch angle at which rupture did not occur, even if the radius of the punch was increased, was found from the results.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.808-813
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• 2004

The stress analysis on orthotropic composite cylindrical shells with one circular or one elliptical cutout subjected to an axial force is carried out by using an analytical and experimental method. The composite cylindrical shell governing equation of the Donnell's type is applied to this study and all results are presented by the stress concentration factor. The stress concentration factor is defined as the ratio of the stress on the region around a cutout to the nominal stress of the shell. The stress concentration factor is classified into the circumferential stress concentration factors and the radial stress concentration factors due to the cylindrical coordinate of which the origin is the center of a cutout. The considered loading condition is only axial tension loading condition. In this study, thus, the maximum stress is induced on perpendicular region against axial direction, on the coordinate. Various cutout sizes are expressed using the radius ratio, (equation omitted), which is the radius of a cutout over one of the cylindrical shell. Experimental results are obtained using strain gages, which are attached around a cutout of the cylindrical shell. As the result from this study, the stress concentration around a cutout can be predicted by using the analytical method for an orthotropic composite cylindrical shell having a circular or an elliptical cutout.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.815-819
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• 2018

In this study, criticality safety assessments of the potential for storing transuranic element (TRU) ingots via a pyroprocess were evaluated to determine the appropriate TRU storage design parameters, in this case the ratio of the TRU ingot height to the radius and the number of TRU ingot canisters stacked within a container. Various accident situations were modeled over a modeling period of 5 years for a cumulative inventory of TRU ingots with various water densities in submerged containers and with various pitches between the containers in the facility. Under these combinations, we calculated the threshold of TRU height and radius ratio depending on the number of canisters in a container to keep the stored TRU in a subcritical state. The ratio of the TRU ingot height to radius should not exceed 4.5, 1.1, 0.5, 0.3, and 0.2 for two, three, four, five, and six levels of stacked canisters in a container, respectively.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.74-86
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• 2014

The optimization techniques are explored in the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation based on single acoustic pressure gradient vector sensor (APGVS). By analyzing the working principle and measurement errors of the APGVS, acoustic intensity approaches (AI) and the minimum variance distortionless response beamforming approach based on single APGVS (VMVDR) are deduced. The radius to wavelength ratio of the APGVS must be not bigger than 0.1 in the actual application, otherwise its DOA estimation performance will degrade significantly. To improve the robustness and estimation performance of the DOA estimation approaches based on single APGVS, two modified processing approaches based on single APGVS are presented. Simulation and lake trial results indicate that the performance of the modified approaches based on single APGVS are better than AI and VMVDR approaches based on single APGVS when the radius to wavelength ratio is not bigger than 0.1, and the two modified DOA estimation methods have excellent estimation performance when the radius to wavelength ratio is bigger than 0.1.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2021

In present article, utilizing the Love shell theory with volume fraction laws for the cylindrical shells vibrations provides a governing equation for the distribution of material composition of material. Isotopic materials are the constituents of these rings. The position of a ring support has been taken along the radial direction. The Rayleigh-Ritz method with three different fraction laws gives birth to the shell frequency equation. Moreover, the effect of height- and length-to-radius ratio and angular speed is investigated. The results are depicted for circumferential wave number, length- and height-radius ratios with three laws. It is found that the backward and forward frequencies of exponential fraction law are sandwich between polynomial and trigonometric laws. It is examined that the backward and forward frequencies increase and decrease on increasing the ratio of height- and length-to-radius ratio. As the position of ring is enhanced for clamped simply supported and simply supported-simply supported boundary conditions, the frequencies go up. At mid-point, all the frequencies are higher and after that the frequencies decreases. The frequencies are same at initial and final stage and rust itself a bell shape. The shell is stabilized by ring supports to increase the stiffness and strength. Comparison is made for non-rotating and rotating cylindrical shell for the efficiency of the model. The results generated by computer software MATLAB.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.296-303
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• 1987

The composite gear which is composed of involute curve and circular arc has been studied. In the vicinity of pitch point, its profile is an involute curve, and in the dedenum, a circular arc. The curve in the dedendum is generated by the circular arc of the mating gear. Though the available range between minimum and maximum radius of circular arc can be given by existing tooth profile equation, there was no formulation which relates design parameters to the desired radius. It is attempted to get the formula for the radius of circular arc as a function of design parameters, such as unwounded angle, number of teeth, module, and pressure angle. The radius of circular arc, the chordal tooth thickness at working root circle, nominal bending stress, Hertz stress and contact ratio obtained from derived formula are compared with those of the existing design criteria. And these are compared with those of involute gear.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.34-41
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• 1991

In this study, the equations of motion of the thin annular plate with uniform thickness were derived from the classical theory of the plate. In addition the distribution of the inplane stress and the natural frequency due to the change of the ratio of the outer radius to the inner radius was presented by the analytic method using the numerical analysis. Results were compared with those from the experiment. As a result, the strain of rotating circular plate increased as the radius and rpm became greater, and the strain of radial direction was two times greater than that of transverse direction. Besides, it was confirmed that the natural frequency increased according to the decrease of the radius keeping the thickness constant.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.331-336
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• 2002

Recently the critical nozzles with small diameter are being extensively used to measure mass flow in a variety of industrial fields and these have different configurations depending on operation condition and working gas. The curvature radius of the critical nozzle throat is one of the most important configuration factors promising a high reliability of the critical nozzle. In the present study, computations using the axisymmetric, compressible, Navier-Stokes equations are carried out to investigate the effect of the nozzle curvature on critical flows. The diameter of the critical nozzle employed is D=0.3mm and the radius of curvature of the critical nozzle throat is varied in the range from 1D to 3D. It is found that the discharge coefficient is very sensitive to the curvature radius(R) of critical nozzle, leading to the peak discharge coefficient at R = 2.0D and 2.5D, and that the critical pressure ratio increases with the curvature radius.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.214-220
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• 1999

In order to use effectively a machinery part with fillet, it is necessary to determine a proper fillet shape in design step, Study of such problem by fracture mechanical criterion is rare. So, this paper focuses on the design of fillet radius in fracture mechanical aspect. Finite element method was used to obtain crack tip stress intensity factor. Stress intensity factor was calculated by COD(crack opening displacement0method proposed by Ingraffea and Manu. The parameter used in this study are thickness ration, filet radium and crack length . If fillet radius increase , crack propagation may be accelerated. Critical crack length is inversely proportional to fillet radius.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.293-299
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• 1999

Bone scintigraphy with $^{99m}Tc-methylene$ diphosphonate(MDP) performed for 20 weeks per two weeks interval respectively after fracture in seven(male 3 heads, female 4 heads) canine radius were analysed. All of bone scans performed 2 weeks to 20 weeks after fracture showed increase in generalized tracer uptake and showed localized increase in tracer uptake at the fracture site. Bone scans and ratio performed 6 weeks after fracture showed the most outstanding increase in generalized and localized tracer uptake. New bone formation had been observed from 2 weeks and they were incorporated completely on 18 weeks, they showed most activity during 6-10 weeks after fracture. It was recognized that the bone scan with $^{99m}Tc-methylene$ was quite sensitivity but low specificity on the fracture healing in canine radius.