• Strategy21
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• s.40
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• pp.115-130
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• 2016

The security environment surrounding the East Asian seas is rapidly changing due to the naval arms race among coastal states. The arms race is likely to worsen the security dilemma of the countries involved, thus increasing the chances for armed conflicts. It is too early to tell how the contemporary naval arms race in the region will evolve. But, for sure, the level of uncertainty is increasingly becoming high and intense. At the same time, there is emerging a legal warfare or lawfare among the rival countries. In particular, the United States and China have been involved in a serious debate about the nature and scope of the right of innocent passage and freedom of navigation in other countries' maritime zones. In collaboration with its regional allies, the United States has also put normative pressures on China with its excessive claims in the South China Sea. The latest arbitral tribunal case between the Philippines and China illustrates the point. With both arms race and normative competition in play, the future of East Asian maritime security will remain very complex and uncertain.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.732-739
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• 2014

We describe the development of a polymerase chain reaction method for the rapid, precise, and specific detection of the Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) K3a race, the bacterial blight pathogen of rice. The specific primer set was designed to amplify a genomic locus derived from an amplified fragment length polymorphism specific for the K3a race. The 1,024 bp amplicon was generated from the DNA of 13 isolates of Xoo K3a races out of 119 isolates of other races, pathovars, and Xanthomonas species. The assay does not require isolated bacterial cells or DNA extraction. Moreover, the pathogen was quickly detected in rice leaf 2 days after inoculation with bacteria and at a distance of 8 cm from the rice leaf 5 days later. The results suggest that this PCR-based assay will be a useful and powerful tool for the detection and identification of the Xoo K3a race in rice plants as well as for early diagnosis of infection in paddy fields.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 1974

Concentration of total protein, bilirubin, sodium and potassium in blood sera, and thymol turbidity of race horses, 78 males and 57 females aging from 2 to 5 years, were estimated. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Serum of race horses was low in protein concentrations as mean values of $5.48{\pm}0.77$ g/100ml. 2. Serum bilirubin was in normal range as mean values of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin were $1.05{\pm}0.57$, $0.12{\pm}0.05$ and $0.93{\pm}0.58$ mg/100ml, respectively. 3. Mean value of serum thymol turbidity was $1.41{\pm}0.72$ S-H unit. 4. Mean values of serum sodium and potassium of race horses from Australia were $143{\pm}8.7$ and $3.85{\pm}0.53$ mEq/liter, respectively, and mean values of serum sodium and patassium of race horses from Japan were $142{\pm}9.4$ and $3.58{\pm}0.60$ mEq/liter, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.185-189
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• 1974

Although considerable research has been done on the blood chemistry of domestic animals, little work has been made of the changes associated with age. Moreover, the records about physiology of the goat were not much available in Korea, and a comprehensive survey of the blood chemical values of the Korean native goat has not been made. The authors intended to biometric study on the hardness of bone of race horse and Jeju horse in Korea. The measurement of hardness of bone were performed in 272 race horses (Thoroughbred 91, Anglo-Arab 107, Arab 74) and in 109 Jeju horses by the caliper by Toryba's method. Some interesting facts obtained through this study were as follows: 1. There was not significant difference of bone hardness between male and female. The average of bone hardness by the Toryba's meteod were $23.07{\pm}1.01$ in race horse and $19.44{\pm}1.84$ in Jeju horse. 2. The grade of bone hardness of race horse were higher than those of Jeju horse(P<0.001). 3. The correlation coefficient between age and grade of bone hardness were r= +0.344 in Jeju horse, theme were statistically significant (P<0.01) and the regression equation was Y=0.29x+18.497.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.147-151
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• 2009

A wideband correlator, with 45% relative bandwidth is proposed at the frequency range of 3.1-5.1GHz. The structures of the correlator components such as the delay line and the Wilkinson power divider are designed to be realized in transmission line form using the Agilent's Advanced Design System (ADS). The correlator made by using three unique wideband 3-dB couplers, rat-race coupler and one 3-dB wilkinson power divider to reach the required bandwidth. The insertion loss, amplitude imbalance and phase imbalance between ports are presented. The proposed correlator makes compact size better than correlator of conventional structure.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.180-190
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• 2023

This study deals with residual stress prediction and hardness evaluation within cross ball grooved inner race fabricated by cold upsetting process consisted of upsetting and ejection steps. A raw workpiece material of AISI 5120H (SCr420H) is first spheroidized and annealed, then phosphophyllite coated to form solid lubricant layer on its outer surface. To investigate influences of the heat treatment, uni-axial compression tests and Vickers micro-hardness measurements are conducted. Three-dimensional elasto-plastic FE simulations on the upsetting step and the ejection one are performed to visualize the residual stress and the ductile (plastic deformation) damage. External feature of the fabricated inner race is fully captured by using an optical 3D scanner, and the micro-hardness is measured on internal cross-sections. Consequently, the dimensional compatibility between the simulated inner race and the fabricated one is ensured with a difference of under 0.243mm that satisfied permissible error range of ±0.50mm on the grooved surface, and the predicted residual stress is verified to have similar distribution tendency with the measured Vickers micro-hardness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.420-428
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to determine relationship among the observed frequencies of 12 beverages selected by college men and women according to sex, age, race and academic classification and to estimate consumption of milk according to sex, age, race and academic classification. The instrument consisted of a check list and four questions. The sample of 282 subjects, 149 college men and 133 college women, was made by the accidental choice method. Observations occurred in the university center cafeteria at the dinner meal. The significant relationship s were sex and race in association with beverage selections by all subjects. The proportion of men in the distribution who selected regular , carbonated soft drinks and the proportion of white students who selected any of the carobnated soft drinks were the influencies. The result of the study indicated that carbonated soft drinks were the most preferred items followed by milk, water, iced tea, fruit juices, coffee, cocoa, and tea.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.324-329
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• 1995

Severe Fusarium wilt of tomato was observed in greenhouses in Sedo, chungnam and Sandae, Kyeongbuk from march to May 1993. Among the 20 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from wilted tomato plants and their rhisoplane or rhizosphere, 18 isolates were pathogenic to tomato. All of the pathogenic isolates were identified as F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici; they were pathogenic only to tomato and not pathogenic to red pepper, potato and egg-plant. The isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici used in this study could be divided into 2 races according to their pathogenicity to eight differential varieties of tomato. Of 10 isolates tested, 6 were classified as race 1, while 4, as race 2.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.208-214
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• 2017

To investigate the effects of strenuous physical exercise on commonly used hematological markers in subjects the intensive long running. Blood samples were obtained from nineteen participants in a 622 km ultra-marathon race before, 300 km and immediately after completion of the 622 km ultra-marathon. Samples were analyzed for total white cell count (WBC) and differential, total red cell count (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW), platelets, mean platelets volume (MPV), platelets distribution width (PDW). Significant increases were found in WBC, neutrophil and platelets at 622 km compared to the pre-race. RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit decreased statistically significantly the race at 300 km and 622 km compared to pre-race. A wide range of hematological perturbations occur during 622 km ultra-marathon running but it was physiological changes within a reference range. The 622 km ultra-marathon is less likely to cause clinically significant hematologic changes in athletes.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.1-5
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• 2007

An electric motor unit (EMU) is manufactured from a large number of components and parts which are made of extensive raw materials. In emits much environmental load throughout its entire life cycle, having both complicated and elaborated system and long period of life time. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the methodologies and tools to analyze the environmental performance of EMUs throughout their life cycle. RACE (Rail Assessment for Clean Environment) developed in this study is the software that can analyze the environmental impacts and eco-efficiency of EMUs, which are new concepts proposed for sustainable development. It has database for main components as well as principal materials contained in EMUs. Manufacturers and operators can use it to assess the life-cycle environmental impacts of EMU and support their decision making. RACE can also be used as a tool for environmental communication between manufacturers and operators.