• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2002

The sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and 5.8S ribosomal DNA gene from five Cordyceps species and one Paecilomyces japonica were determined. The total length of the ITSI, 5.8S and ITS2 regions ranged from 528 to 549 bp. When the C. militaris collected from Korea was used as a standard genotype, the sequence showed 88.4%, 88.6%, 91.1% and 86.8% identity to C. pruinosa, C. sphecocephala, C. scarabaeucika and R japonica, respectively, while the lowest identity was found with C. sinensis (75.4%). Interestingly, C. sinensis was phylogenetically distant from the other Cordyceps species. To test geographic variation, furthermore, sequences of the ITS regions in the 8 samples of C. militaris collected from two localities in Korea and China analyzed and compared with the GenBank-searched sequences from Japan and China. The total length of the ITS regions of C. militaris from Korea, Japan and China was completely identical to each other with 528 bp, and the sequence divergence among three localities in pairwise comparisons ranged from 0.2% (1 bp) to 0.4% (2 bp).

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2007

To investigate the phylogeny of Patellogastropoda, the complete 18S rDNA sequences of nine patellogastropod limpets Cymbula canescens (Gmelin, 1791), Helcion dunkeri (Krauss, 1848), Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758, Cellana toreuma (Reeve, 1855), Cellana nigrolineata (Reeve, 1854), Nacella magellanica Gmelin, 1791, Nipponacmea concinna (Lischke, 1870), Niveotectura pallida (Gould, 1859), and Lottia dorsuosa Gould, 1859 were determined. These sequences were then analyzed along with the published 18S rDNA sequences of 35 gastropods, one bivalve, and one chiton species. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference. The results of our 18S rDNA sequence analysis strongly support the monophyly of Patellogastropoda and the existence of three subgroups. Of these, two subgroups, the Patelloidea and Acmaeoidea, are closely related, with branching patterns that can be summarized as [(Cymbula + Helcion) + Patella] and [(Nipponacmea + Lottia) + Niveotectura]. The remaining subgroup, Nacelloidea, emerges as basal and paraphyletic, while its genus Cellana is monophyletic. Our analysis also indicates that the Patellogastropoda have a sister relationship with the order Cocculiniformia within the Gastropoda.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2001

Ginseng (Panax genus) is one of the most medicinally important genera and consists of highly regarded medicines. Among the species of Panax, the ginseng species is widely known to have most medicinal quality. P. ginseng has 3 varieties, Jakyung, Chunggyung and Hwangsook, discovered in nature with different colors of stem and fruit, Jakyung has two cultivars, Yunpoong and Chunpoong. Rigorous phylogenetic analysis of these varieties and cultivars has been conducted with sequencing of rDNA region. The sequences of ITS1, ITS2 of every varieties and cultivars within P. ginseng were identical. The sequence of 5.8S rDNAs of Hwangsook variety were different from the sequences of 5.8S rDNAs of others by only one base pair at nucleotide position 14. In phylogenetic analysis and predicted RNA secondary structure study, it is assumed that evolution has proceeded from Hwangsook to other varieties. recently.

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2001

This study was carried out to identify the phylogenetic relationships among several caterpillar fungi by comparing the sequences of internal transcribed spacer regions(ITS1 and ITS2) and 5.8S ribosomal DNA(rDNA) repeat unit. The sequences of ITS1, ITS2, and the 5.8S rDNA from 10 strains of Cordyceps species, 12 strains of Paecilomyces, 3 strains of Beauveria, 2 strains of Metarhizium and 1 strains of Hirsutella were amplified, determined and compared with the previously known Cordyceps species. The sequences of 5.8S rDNA were more conserved in length and variation than those of ITS regions. Although the variable ITS sequences were often ambiguously aligned, the conserved sites could be found. In the phylogenetic tree, the species generally divided into three clusters, supported by their morphology and/or host ranges. The 5.8S rDNA and TTS1 sequences among 10 species of Cordyceps militaris were identical and only one base pair in ITS2 sequence was different. Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps ophioglossoides were also clearly different, although they belonged to the same cluster. The Geniank database search of species revealed sister taxa of an entomogenous fungus. Metarhizium was used as an putgroup in all taxa.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1174-1179
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• 2014

본 연구는 감마선이 새로운 품종의 버섯을 개발하는데 이용 될 수 있는지 평가하기 위하여 수행하였다. 본 연구를 한국, 일본, 대만 등의 느티만가닥버섯 20종류, 한국 잿빛느티만가닥버섯 5종류, 일본 땅지만가닥버섯 등의 3품종과 돌연변이체의 유전적 변이를 분석하였다. 50~2,000 Gy의 감마선을 느티만가닥버섯 포자에 조사하였다. 포자를 이용한 돌연변이 유발의 감마선 적정선량은 50~500 Gy의 저준위선량이었다. 돌연변이 단핵균사를 교배하여 이핵균주를 만들었다. 돌연변이 균주와 재래종의 버섯들로부터 DNA를 추출하여 16S ribosomal DNA, ITS의 전부분 28S ribosomal DNA의 일부분이 포함된 ITS서열을 분석을 하였다. 분석한 ITS서열의 길이는 1,052~1,143 뉴클레오티드였다. Nei-Li's 방법에 의해 유전적 유연 관계계를 분석하였다. 느티만가닥버섯 품종들간의 비유사도는 0~3.5%였다. 또한 Neighbor-Joining (NJ)방법에 의해 계통수를 작성하였다. 그 결과 느티만가닥버섯의 품종간의 비유사도는 0~3.5%였다. 또한 23품종과 5 돌연변이 이 그룹의 ITS서열을 바탕으로 한 계통순는 12 cluster를 나타내었다. 돌연변이 균주들은 서로 다른 cluster를 형성하였다. 무작위적인 돌연변이가 발생하였음을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 연구결과들을 감마선이 버섯의 품종개량을 위한 수단이 될 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.190-193
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• 2001

Four strains of Phellinus spp. was identified based on internal transcribed spacer(ITS) region of rDNA sequence analysis and morphological characteristics. Basidiocarps of all strains were effused-reflexed and hymenial surface was poroid. Hyphal system was dimitic and basidiospore was globose to ellipsoid. The amplification of ITS regions produced a DNA fragment of 500 to 780 by in all strains examined. The determined sequences were analyzed for the reconstruction of phylogenetic tree. From these results, Phellinus sp. KM-1, KM-2, and KM-4 was identified as P. hartigii, P. baumii, and P. linteus, respectively.

• Mycobiology
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2007

The fruits showing brown rot symptom on dwarf flowering almond were found in Gongju, Chungchungnam-Do in Korea in July 2005. Small water-soaked lesions on the fruits were initiated, and gradually developed to soft rot covered with gray conidia. Then the diseased fruits were shrunk and became grayish-black mummies. A fungus was isolated from the diseased fruit and its morphological, cultural and molecular genetic characteristics were investigated. Typical blastospores of Monilinia spp. were observed under a light microscope both from tissues of the diseased fruits and from PDA-grown cultures. The fungus grew well at $25^{\circ}C$ and on PDA. The ITS ribosomal DNA region (650 bp) of the fungus was amplified by PCR and analyzed. Comparative data on ITS sequence homology among Monilinia spp., ITS sequence-based phylogram and morphological characteristics showed that the fungus is Monilinia fructicola. This is the first report on Monilinia fructicola causing brown rot on fruits of dwarf flowering almond in Korea.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 1997

이전의 연구에서 우리는 CheY-OmpR 융합단백질인 'Chp'을 제조하여 ompF와 ompC 유전자에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다(6). 본 연구에서는 Chp의 활성 및 작용기작을 in vivo와 in vitro 실험을 통해 알아보았다. 융합단백질 Chp은 OmpR과 마찬가지로 DNA에 염기서열 특이적인 결합을 하지만, 유전자의 전사 활성 기능은 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 Chp의 ompF/C 유전자의 발현에 대한 효과는 DNA 결합 부위에 대한 OmpR과의 경쟁에 의해 나타나는 것으로 결론지을 수 있다. 그러나, in vivo와 in vitro 실험에서 Chp의 인산화에 따른 DNA 결합력 변화는 관찰할 수 없었다. Chp이 ompR 유전자의 발현을 증가시키는 것이 관찰되었는데, OmpR도 이와 같은 효과를 나타내었으며, 배지의 삼투압을 변화시켰을 때와 EnvZ 돌연변이체에서도 ompR 유전자의 발현변화가 관찰되었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.146-150
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• 1996

A 2.1 kb cDNA clone for rat transketolase was isolated from rat liver ${\lambda}gt11$ cDNA library and its sequence was determined. The predicted rat transketolase (655 amino acids with $M_r$ 71,186) is highly similar (92%) to that of the human enzyme except that it contains an extra 32 amino acids at its N-terminus. Although it is less similar (<27%) to transketolases from non-mammalian species, the functional motifs such as the catalytic sites and thiamine binding domain are well conserved in the rat enzyme. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA verified that transketolase appears to be derived from a single gene. Immunoblot and Northern blot analyses suggested that hepatic transketolase was activated pretranslationally by a 2.1-fold while little change was observed in brain enzyme, indicating a tissue-specific pretranslational activation during postnatal development.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2002

The fungal strain SW-3 having antimicrobial activity was isolated from soil of crucified plants in Pocheon, Kyungki-Do, Korea. Strain SW-3 was identified as Alternaria brassicicola by its morphological characteristics, and confirmed by the analysis of the 18S gene and ITS regions of rDNA. The fungus showed a similarity of 99% with Alternaria brassicicola in the 18S rDNA sequence analysis. A. brassicicola has been reported to produce an antitumor compound, called depudecin. We found that strain SW-3 produced antimicrobial metabolites, in addition to depudecin, during sporulation under different growth conditions. The metabolite of the isolated fungus was found to have strong antifungal activity against Microsporium canis and Trichophyton rubrum, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aerogenes. The amount and kind of metabolites produced by the isolate were affected by growth conditions such as nutrients and growth periods.