• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.14
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• pp.127-140
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• 1994

This study is concerned with the accuracy and the patterns when different methods was used in interpolation task. Although 3 methods employed the same modality for input (visual) and for output (manual responding), they differed in central processing, which method 1 is relatively more tendency of verbal processing, method 2 is realtively more tendency of spatial processing and method 3 needed a number of switching code (verbal/spatial) performing task. Split-plot design was adopted, which whole plot consisted of methods (3), orientations (horizon, vertical), base-line sizes (300, 500, 700 pixels) and split plot consisted of target locations (1-99). The results showed the anchor effect and the range effect. Method 2, method 3 and method 1 that order was better accuracy. ANOVA showed that the accuracy was significantly influenced by the method, the location of target, and its interactions ($method{\times}location$, $size{\times}location$). Analysis of error data, response time and frequency of under, just, over estimate indicated that a systematic error pattern was made in task and methods changed not only the performance but also the pattern. The results provided support for the importance of the multiple resources theory in accounting for S-C-R compatibility and task performance. They are discussed in terms of multiple resources theory and guidelines for system design is suggested by the S-C-R compatibility.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.23-29
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• 2009

직교성은 실험계획에서 중요한 개념이다. 실험계획에서 실험점의 개수보다 인자의 개수가 많은 상황에서 우리는 초포화계획을 사용한다. 이러한 초포화계획은 직교성을 만족하지 못하게 되는 데 얼마나 직교성을 만족하는 지를 평가하는 데 우리는 주로 수치적인 측도들을 사용한다. 우리는 초포화계획의 직교성의 정도를 평가하는 또 다른 탐색적 방법으로서 그래픽방법을 사용할 수 있다. 또한 초포화계획의 예측 능력을 평가하는 방법으로서 우리는 그래픽 방법을 사용할 수 있다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1907-1911
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• 2011

A kinetic study is reported for nucleophilic substitution reactions of 4-pyridyl X-substituted benzoates 7a-e with a series of alicyclic secondary amines in H2O. The Br${\o}$nsted-type plot for the reactions of 4-pyridyl benzoate 7c is linear with ${\beta}_{nuc}$ = 0.71. The corresponding reactions of 2-pyridyl benzoate 6, which is less reactive than 7c, resulted in also a linear Br${\o}$nsted-type plot with ${\beta}_{nuc}$ = 0.77. The fact that the more reactive 7c results in a smaller ${\beta}_{nuc}$ value appears to be in accord with the reactivity-selectivity principle. The aminolysis of 7c has been suggested to proceed through a stepwise mechanism in which breakdown of the intermediate is the rate-determining step (RDS). The Hammett plot for the reactions of 7a-e with piperidine consists of two intersecting straight lines, i.e., ${\rho}_X$ = 1.47 for substrates possessing an electron-donating group (EDG) and ${\rho}_X$ = 0.91 for those possessing an electron-withdrawing group (EWG). In contrast, the corresponding Yukawa-Tsuno plot exhibits excellent linear correlation with ${\rho}_X$ = 0.79 and r = 0.56. Thus, it has been concluded that the nonlinear Hammett plot is not due to a change in the RDS but is caused by stabilization of the ground state of the substrates possessing an EDG through resonance interaction between the EDG and the C=O bond of the substrates.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.2983-2988
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• 2013

Second-order rate constants ($k_N$) have been measured spectrophotometrically for the reactions of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl X-substituted-benzoates (1a-1h) with a series of cyclic secondary amines in 80 mol % $H_2O$/20 mol % DMSO at $25.0{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$. The Hammett plot for the reactions of 1a-1h with piperidine consists of two intersecting straight lines, while the Yukawa-Tsuno plot exhibits an excellent linear correlation with ${\rho}_X $ = 1.25 and r = 0.58, indicating that the nonlinear Hammett plot is not due to a change in the rate-determining step (RDS) but is caused by ground-state stabilization through resonance interactions for substrates possessing an electron-withdrawing group in the benzoyl moiety. The Br${\o}$nsted-type plot for the reactions of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl benzoate (1d) with a series of cyclic secondary amines curves downward with ${\beta}_2$ = 0.85, ${\beta}_1$ = 0.24, and $pK_a{^o}$ = 10.5, implying that a change in RDS occurs from the $k_2$ step to the $k_1$ process as the $pK_a$ of the conjugate acid of the amine exceeds 10.5. Dissection of $k_N$ into the microscopic rate constants $k_1$ and $k_2/k_{-1}$ ratio associated with the reaction of 1d reveals that $k_2$ is dependent on the amine basicity, which is contrary to generally held views.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.48-54
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• 2013

This paper explores J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy novel, The Lord of the Rings Trilogy in order to analogize two primary sources which enabled the fantasy literature to be restored to its former popularity in 1930's-50's. First source is the cinematization of the original novel, based on the advanced digital technology, and second, the adaptation of Norse mythology to the original novel. The advanced digital technology rendered a distinguished contribution to the resurrection of the fantasy novel today. Peter Jackson, the director of the film trilogy, The Lord of the Rings Trilogy gained an un-heard popularity in the history of the fantasy movie. It was practicable with the advanced digital technology. Nevertheless, it could be realized only with the fact that J. R. R. Tolkien's original novel retains the excellence of plot. The episodes of the novel present the author's broad knowledge of Norse mythology and his attempts to employ it to the novel, The Lord of the Rings Trilogy. Through such two directions, this paper describes that the advanced digital technology and the quality of the original plot are two key elements to succeed in authoring and filming the fantasy literature.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 1998

In clinical measurement comparison of a new measurement technique with an established one is often needed to see whether they agree sufficiently for the new to replace the old. Such investigations are often analysed inappropriately, notably by using the correlation coefficient(r). So, the measurement for agreement was determined by Bland & Altman's method recently. In this article, we will analyse the measurement for agreement by using Q-Q plot and by applying Bland and Altman's method through graph. And we will show characteristics for these techniques.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.600-606
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• 2002

이제까지 전자코 시스템을 이용하여 각각의 식용유에 대한 가열시간과 가열온도에 대한 특성을 분석하였다. 전자코시스템의 센서에서 출력되는 $R_{gas}$/ $R_{air}$를 그래프분석을 통하여 센서가 반응하는 성향을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 주성분 분석의 score plot을 이용하여 PCI의 0을 중심으로 (+)영역에서 가열시간이 짧게 나타나고, (-)영역에서는 가열시간이 길게 나타나는데 이는 가열 시간에 따른 신선도를 예측 할 수 있음을 시사하였다. 그리고 주성분 분석의 loads plot을 이용하여 비슷한 향 성분에 반응하는 각 센서의 성향을 파악 할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 군집분석을 통하여 각 식용유의 종류와 가열온도와 가열 시간에 따른 센서의 상사성을 이용하여 전자코 시스템의 설계에 있어 식용유의 향 특성에 맞는 센서를 선택 시 유용하게 이용 될 것으로 사료된다. 결과적으로 전자코 시스템은 식용유의 유통과 소비과정에서 흔히 발생되는 휘발성 향 특성을 이용하여 가열시간에 따른 식용유의 품질관리와 품질 검사를 비롯한 신선도를 예측할 수 있으며 이를 이용하여 제조 및 유통 그리고 조리 과정에서 보다 효율적으로 사용 될 것으로 예상된다.상된다.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.455-461
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• 2002

This paper reports on estimating the Schottky barrier height of small contacts using a thermionic-field emission model. Our results indicate that the logarithmic plot of the current as a function of bias voltage across the Schottky diode gives a linear relationship, while the plot as a function of the total applied voltage across a metal-silicon contact gives a parabolic relationship. The Schottky barrier height is extracted from the slope of the linear line resulting from the logarithmic plot of current versus bias voltage across the Schottky diode. The result reveals that the barrier height decreases from 0.6 eV to 0.49 eV when the thickness of the barrier metal is increased from 500 ${\AA}$ to 900 ${\AA}$. The extracted impurity concentration at the contact interface changes slightly with different Ti thicknesses with its maximum value at about $2.9{\times}10^{20}\;cm^{-3}$, which agrees well with the results from secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) measurements.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.323-327
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• 2002

Plant growth and the two components of respiration, growth and maintenance, were compared between low and high nitrogen applications in hydroponic culture on a high-yielding rice cultivar 'Takanari' (Oryza sativa L.). Grain yield decreased by high nitrogen application, and thus this cultivar has low adaptability to nitrogen. Growth efficiency (GE) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were lower in the high-nitrogen plot. The maintenance coefficient (m) and growth coefficient (g) of dark respiration were 0.0111 $d^{-1}$ and 0.196 in the low-nitrogen plot and 0.0166 $d^{-1}$ and 0.237 in the high-nitrogen plot, respectively. Thus, high nitrogen application increased both g and m. Calculated $R_m$ (maintenance respiration rate) was 70 and 90% of total respiration rate at heading, respectively. The significance of nitrogen adaptability and g was discussed.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.221-225
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• 1974

The field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of inoculation of Rhizobium and interaction between amount of nitrogen and inoculating in soybean with 4 replicated split plot design. Main plot was 4 level of nitrogen 0, 2, 6, 12kg/10a and subplot was inoculation and uninoculation. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The yield of soybean did not show any significant difference among nitrogen level or between inoculating but yield of inoculated plot was a little increased than that of uninoculation. 2. At four leaves stage and flowering stage, the weight of nodules in root was decreased with incresing amount of nitrogen significantly and uninoculation caused a reduction compared with modulation significantly and those tendency was same in plant height, and those difference among treatment was more distinct in four leaves stage than in flowering stage. 3. After harvest, total nitrogen content in soil was not only increased with increasing nitrogen level but also was more increased in inoculated plot than in uninoculated plot except nitrogen 0kg/10a level. Inoculation of Rhizobium raised 15kg of nitrogen per l0a at 6kg nitrogen level compared with uninoculation.