• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 1992

This study tried to find out the effect to types of test items upon the momentum effect. The previous studies showed that the momentum effect is influenced by stduents' congnitive levels and the abstractness of test items. In this study focused on the types of test items The test items are divided into 4 different types of quantitative and qualitative, verbal and image. The result showed that qualitative items showed a longer momentum effect than quantitative ones. The image items and verbal items did not show significant difference in the duration of momentum effect. The interpretation of this would need a careful psychological analysis. Anyhow, this result reconfirmed the existence of the momentum effect and showed that the study on the momentum effect could be a Significant research paradigm.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.386-390
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• 2007

At recent times, an essential issue in the replacement of the old analogue I&C to computer-based digital systems in nuclear power plants becomes the quantitative software reliability assessment. Software reliability models have been successfully applied to many industrial applications, but have the unfortunate drawback of requiring data from which one can formulate a model. Software that is developed for safety critical applications is frequently unable to produce such data for at least two reasons. First, the software is frequently one-of-a-kind, and second, it rarely fails. Safety critical software is normally expected to pass every unit test producing precious little failure data. The basic premise of the rare events approach is that well-tested software does not fail under normal routine and input signals, which means that failures must be triggered by unusual input data and computer states. The failure data found under the reasonable testing cases and testing time for these conditions should be considered for the quantitative reliability assessment. We presented the quantitative reliability assessment methodology of safety critical software for rare failure cases in this paper.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.601-616
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• 2002

Qualitative research is a method widely used in marketing research. However, the method has seldom been used in fashion marketing research in Korea. The purpose of this study was to prove that using both qualitative and quantitative research methods in main stage is much useful than using qualitative research method only in exploratory stage. Qualitative data were gathered by conducting Focus Group Interview(FGI) with 48 college students. Quantitative data were gathered by surveying college students, and 487 questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis. The data were analyzed using content analysis, mean, standard deviation, and t-test. As a result, FGI, one of the tools used in qualitative research methods, was proved to be useful in revealing consumers´deep emotional needs as well as purchase motives. FGI also revealed information which quantitative research method tools such as survey could have missed. Therefore, it is best to use multiple methods-simultaneous use of quantitative and qualitative methods-to understand fast changing consumers´needs and purchase motives.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2002

이 연구의 목적은 정량적 현상제시와 정성적 현상제시를 하였을 때, 중학교 학생들의 갈등 정도를 알아보는 것이다. 연구 대상은 부산광역시 소재의 중학교 2학년 297명 을 대상으로 하였다. 검사 문항은 역학의 작용반작용 문항과 전기의 전구의 불의 밝기를 비교하는 문항을 사용하였고, 인지적 갈등을 측정하는 검사지는 권혁구(1999) 등이 개발한 도구를 사용하였다. 먼저, 정량적 현상제시 집단과 정성적 현상제시 집단의 인지갈등 점수를 비교해 보았다. 그리고 현상제시 후 자신의 선개념을 바꾼 학생들과 고수한 학생들의 갈등 점수를 비교해 보았다. 마지막으로, 선개념의 확신 정도와 갈등 정수와의 상관관계를 비교해보았다. 그 결과를 보면, 첫째, 선개념에서 오답을 선택한 학생들은 정성적 현상제시보다 정량적 현상제시에서 갈등 점수가 높게 나타났으며, 선개념에서 정답을 선택한 학생들은 정량적 현상제시보다 정성적 현상제시에서 갈등 점수가 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 자신의 선개념을 바꾼 학생들이 고수한 학생들에 비해 갈등 점수가 높게 나타났다. 마지막으로, 선개념의 확신정도와 갈등 점수와의 상관관계를 보면, 정량적 현상을 제시한 집단의 학생들 중 선개념에서 오답을 택한 학생들은 정적 상관을 보였고, 선개념에서 정답을 택한 학생들은 부적상관을 보였다. 정성적 집단은 뚜렷한 경향을 보이지 않았다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1355-1362
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• 2018

In order to obtain a better understanding of the ageing process of the field composite insulators, it is necessary to explore a quantitative-valuation method for the aging state evaluation. And the linear relationship between volume resistivity and temperature is proposed. In this paper, the composite insulators with different lengths of operating lives from two manufacturers were tested. The relationship between trap characteristics and volume resistivity-temperature characteristics were analyzed based on Thermal Stimulated Current (TSC), volume resistivity-temperature test, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, the application of trap characteristics in the quantitative evaluation of aging state of composite insulators was discussed. The results showed that there was a general negative correlation between the relative variation ratio of trap charges and the volume resistivity-temperature characteristics. Meanwhile, the physicochemical properties would change with the aging time, which would result in the increasing of electron traps. Combined with the TSC and volume resistivity test results, the trap characteristic thresholds which indicated the serious age of the composite insulators had been proposed.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2016

In this paper, we suggest a quantitative management scheme to accomplish effective weapon systems test and evaluation service(T&E). The Capability Maturity Model Integration(CMMI) process model has been introduced and applied for that purpose by the 8th directorate, Agency for Defense Development(ADD). Although a CMMI process model was developed focusing on the software development, systematic approaching scheme in the CMMI process model can be utilized for the quantitative management implementation of a weapon systems T&E service. To manage a T&E service quantitatively, at first, organizational performance objectives and sub processes are established, and then each performance indicators and performance base lines are followed.

• 분석과학
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2020

This study has been carried out to develop a standard method for quantifying of 3 permitted artificial sweeteners (including sodium saccharine, aspartame, acesulfame potassium) contained in foods by HPLC-DAD. A simple and rapid sample pretreatment method was used to remove fat and protein from the test solution with Carrez clearing regent precipitant know to be effective for protein and fat removal. The artificial sweeteners in the test solution purified through sample pretreatment were detected by high performance liquid chromatograph using a Reverse phase C18 column (5 ㎛, 4.6 × 250 mm). The simultaneous quantitative test of 3 kinds of artificial sweeteners can be effectively performed on the high fat emulsified foods containing a large amount of fat. Using the established simultaneous quantitative test method, artificial sweeteners were tested in foods such as dairy products, snacks and chocolate. The results calibration curve showed good linearity with high regression coefficients and the result of recovery test showed satisfactory recoveries within 80~110 %.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.500-506
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• 2022

This study evaluated the consistency between two quantitative fit test devices with different methods of ambient aerosol counting. Three types of respirators (N95, half mask, and full facepiece) were worn by 50 participants (male, n = 25; female, n = 25), PortaCount (Pro+ 8038) and MT (05U) were connected to one probe to one mask, and fit factors (FFs) were measured simultaneously with the original and modified protocols. As a result of comparing MT FFs with PortaCount FFs as references and by applying for the pass/fail criteria (FF = 100), the consistency between the two devices for half masks and full facepieces was very high. N95 was somewhat weaker than the two type of respirators in the consistency; however, the correlation between the two devices was very strong (p < 0.0001). The results showed that an FF of 100 as measured by PortaCount was likely to be measured as 75 by the MT. Therefore, when performing the fit test for N95 using the MT and pass level of FF 100, a certain level of adjustment is necessary, whether end-user or putting a scaling factor by manufacturer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8149-8153
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• 2014

Background: To compare the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) qualitative and quantitative analysis in the identification of breast tumor lumps. Materials and Methods: Qualitative and quantitative indicators of CEUS for 73 cases of breast tumor lumps were retrospectively analyzed by univariate and multivariate approaches. Logistic regression was applied and ROC curves were drawn for evaluation and comparison. Results: The CEUS qualitative indicator-generated regression equation contained three indicators, namely enhanced homogeneity, diameter line expansion and peak intensity grading, which demonstrated prediction accuracy for benign and malignant breast tumor lumps of 91.8%; the quantitative indicator-generated regression equation only contained one indicator, namely the relative peak intensity, and its prediction accuracy was 61.5%. The corresponding areas under the ROC curve for qualitative and quantitative analyses were 91.3% and 75.7%, respectively, which exhibited a statistically significant difference by the Z test (P<0.05). Conclusions: The ability of CEUS qualitative analysis to identify breast tumor lumps is better than with quantitative analysis.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2018

The structural design of offshore installations against explosions has been required to protect vital areas (e.g. control room, worker's area etc.) and minimize the damage from explosion accidents. Because the explosion accident will not only result in significant casualties and economic losses, but also cause serious pollution and damage to surrounding environment and coastal marine ecosystems. Over the past two decades, an incredible efforts was made to develop reliable methods to reduce and manage the explosion risk. Among the methods Quantitative Risk Assessment and Management (QRA&M) is the one of cutting-edge technologies. The explosion risk can be quantitatively assessed by the product of explosion frequency based on probability calculation and consequence analyzed using computer simulations, namely Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). However to obtain reliable consequence analysis results by CFD and FEA, uncertainties associate with modeling and simulation are needed to be identified and validated by comparison with experimental data. Therefore, large-scaled explosion test procedure is developed in this study. And developed test procedure can be helpful to obtain precious test data for the validation of consequence analysis using computer simulations, and subsequently allow better assessment and management of explosion risks.