• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.87-100
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• 2012

The process of selecting a repair material is a typical one of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. In this study Analytical Hierarch Process was applied to solve this MCDM problem. Many factors affecting a process to select an optimal repair material can be classified into quantitative and qualitative requirements and this study handled only quantitative items. Quantitative requirements in the optimal selection model for repair material were divided into two parts, namely, the required chemical performance and the required physical performance. The former is composed of alkali-resistance, chloride permeability and electrical resistivity. The latter is composed of compressive strength, tensile strength, adhesive strength, drying shrinkage, elasticity and thermal expansion. The result of the study shows that this method is the useful and rational engineering approach in the problem concerning the selection of one out of many candidate repair materials even if this study was limited to repair material only for chloride-deteriorated concrete.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 1999

FCM(Fuzzy Cognitive Map) is proposed for representing causal reasoning. Its structure allows systematic causal reasoning through a forward inference. By using the FCM, authors have proposed FCM-based fault diagnostic algorithm. However, it can offer multiple interpretations for a single fault. In process engineering, as experience accumulated, some form of quantitative process knowledge is available. If this information can be integrated into the FCM-based fault diagnosis, the diagnostic resolution can be further improved. The purpose of this paper is to propose an enhanced FCM-based fault diagnostic scheme. Firstly, the membership function of fuzzy set theory is used to integrate quantitative knowledge into the FCM-based diagnostic scheme. Secondly, modified TAM recall procedure is proposed. Considering that the integration of quantitative knowledge into FCM-based diagnosis requires a great deal of engineering efforts, thirdly, an automated procedure for fusing the quantitative knowledge into FCM-based diagnosis is proposed by utilizing self-learning feature of neural network. Finally, the proposed diagnostic scheme has been tested by simulation on the two-tank system.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제20권
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• pp.29-66
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• 2010

This paper is a qualitative study of the experiences of Korean heritage language learners (KHLLs) with literacy (reading and writing), particularly before they enter the college-level heritage language classroom. Previous research, both qualitative and quantitative, has addressed the overall language background of KHLLs, including oral and aural proficiency and writing and reading ability, as well as demographic information (such as when the student immigrated to the United States) in relation to language test scores. This study addresses KHLL experiences in the following six areas as they relate to student perceptions and attitudes toward their own heritage language literacy: language proficiency, motivation for learning, academic preparedness, cultural connectedness, emotional factors, and social factors. Fourteen undergraduate students at a university in the western United States participated in a convenience sample by responding to a 10-question survey. Trends in responses indicated that KHLLs entered the classroom with high integrational motivation and experienced great satisfaction with perceived progress in literacy, but students also expressed regret for having missed childhood learning experiences that would likely have resulted in higher proficiency. These experiences include informal and formal instruction in the home and formal instruction outside of the home.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2019

사용자 기대에 부응하는 UX 디자인 구현 여부가 스마트 가전의 차별화를 결정짓는 중요 변수가 되었다. 본 연구는 스마트 가전의 모바일 애플리케이션 개발과정에서 UX 디자인 평가 문제를 다루었다. 최근 수요가 급증하고 있는 <스마트 레인지 후드>의 모바일 애플리케이션에 대한 UX 디자인 평가 내용을 실험연구 대상으로 설정하였다. 연구목적은 스마트 가전 애플리케이션의 UX 디자인 사용자 평가 방법의 의의를 탐색하고 더불어 정량적 정성적 평가 방법의 혼용이 UX 디자인 개발 과정에 어떻게 도움이 되는지를 제안하는 것이다. 주요 발견점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사용자 평가를 통해 UX 디자인 개선 방향이 구체화될 수 있음을 발견하였다. UX 디자인 개발 과정에서 사용자 평가가 실질적으로 도움이 됨을 확인하였다. 둘째, UX 디자인 평가에서 '정량적 방법'과 '정성적 방법'의 혼용이 상호 보완적으로 효과가 있음을 발견하였다. 연구 시사점은 다음과 같다. UX 디자인 평가 과정에서 정량평가와 정성평가의 역할을 구분하여 접근하면 효율적이다. 예컨대, '허니콤 모델' 등의 정량평가를 통해 <사용자 경험 촉진/저해 발생 속성>을 '탐색적'으로 파악하고, '사용자 심층 인터뷰' 등의 정성평가를 통해 <사용자 경험촉진/저해 발생 속성 가운데 구체적인 서비스 기능 문제 요소>를 '측정'하고 '검증'하는 것이 가능하다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 1992

After much research on qualitative reasoning, the problem of ambiguities still hampers the practicality of this important AI tool. In this paper, the sources of ambiguities are examined in depth with a systems engineering point of view and possible directions to disambiguation are suggested. This includes some modeling strategies and an architecture of temporal inference for building unambiguous qualitative models of practical complexity. It is argued that knowledge of multiple levels in abstraction hierarchy must be reflected in the modeling to resolve ambiguities by introducing the designer's decisions. The inference engine must be able to integrate two different types of temporal knowledge representation to determine the partial ordering of future events. As an independent quantity management system that supports the suggested modeling approach, LIQUIDS(Linear Quantity-Information Deriving System) is described. The inference scheme can be conjoined with ordinary rule-based reasoning systems and hence generalized into many different domains.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제17권30호
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• pp.11-24
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• 1994

The problem of location for industries and residential quarters has undoubtedly been one of the most important factors to enhance human activities and standard of living. Nonetheless. there seem to be no such theories or approaches as to cope with this problem satisfactorily. As a matter of fact the evaluation of proposed locations so far has stuck to quantitative factors and thus the results are often rejected by the public or individuals. In deciding the location of industrial complex and/or residential quarters, the qualitative factors often play more important role than the quantitative factors. Moreover, it is quite possible for a proposed location to be disapproved for reasons other than quantifiable factors. This work presents an approach to multi-stage decision process of optimum location, particularly for residential quarters. The proposed approach consists of four stages. At the first stage, candidates for the location are searched and checked against musts. After this screening process, the candidates fulfilling the musts are evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively at the second stage. The third stage is devoted to the integrated evaluation using diffrent weights for the two factors. At the final stage, a location is selected among the candidates evaluated at the earlier stages. This approach has been applied to and tested on a apartment-building project in Ulsan area. Difficulties arising from quantifying factors were encountered as expected. Sometimes decisions could be a matter of taste of the individuals concerned.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.804-818
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of the information searches and purchasing behavior Korean men in their 20s and 30s, focusing on cosmetic involvement. Research methods consisted of qualitative and quantitative approaches. For the qualitative approach, in-depth interviews and participant observations were conducted to investigate male customers' cosmetic characteristics in information searches and purchasing behavior. Then, the study conducted a quantitative study methodology based on the questionnaires from the in-depth interviews, participant observations, and literature review. The study surveyed 340 Korean men in their 20s and 30s. The cosmetic involvement of the target group was classified into the amusing high-involvement group, the rational low-involvement group, and the obligatory high-involvement group. The results from this study indicated that the groups of male customers classified by cosmetic involvement showed statistically significant differences in terms of information searches and purchasing behaviors. Especially, the obligatory high-involvement group generally displayed high-involvement traits likewise the amusing high-involvement, was more similar to the rational low-involvement group regarding cost effectiveness than the obligatory high-involvement group. Moreover, the classifications of men generally had different characteristics of cosmetic purchasing behavior and information searches than women. This study has a distinctive significance compared with other studies in discovering differences of cosmetic purchasing behaviors of Korean men in their 20s and 30s' cosmetic involvement groups classified using qualitative and quantitative approaches.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.107-119
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• 2024

We aimed to develop a suitable quantification method for detecting asparagine deamidation and aspartic acid isomerization in peptide mapping using LC-MS. Our assessment of its validity and suitability involved comparing its quantitative findings with those obtained from cation-exchange chromatography and capillary electrophoresis methods. By subjecting trastuzumab to rigorous conditions to induce these modifications, we validated the efficacy of this new analytical method in peptide mapping via LC-MS, evaluating both qualitative and quantitative aspects of asparagine deamidation and aspartic acid isomerization. Our investigation underscored the significance of enzyme selection and the presence of miss-cleaved or non-specific peptides in achieving accurate quantitative results. The experimental results demonstrated a strong correlation with results from cation-exchange chromatography and capillary electrophoresis analyses, confirming the reliability of the LC-MS based peptide mapping approach.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2015

본 연구는 전자발찌 착용 성범죄자들의 웰니스의 기본인 자아존중감 향상이라는 연구 목적에 적합한 보호관찰과 차문화치료를 융복합한 프로그램을 개발하여 전자발찌 착용 성범죄자들에게 적용하여 그 효과성을 검증하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 U시 보호관찰소 차문화치료 프로그램에 참여한 전자발찌 착용 성범죄자들에게 편안하고 따뜻한 차문화치료적 환경속에서 대접받고 존중받음으로 긍정적 자아감과 바람직한 대인관계를 활발히 하는 질적변화가 나타났다. 또한 프로그램 실시 전, 후에 전체 대상자의 자아존중감 척도를 측정한 결과, 전체 연구 대상자들의 자아존중감이 통계적으로 유의하게 향상되었다. 이는 기존의 인지행동적인 접금보다는 인간존중과 수용적인 인본주의적 접근의 차문화치료프로그램의 효과로 나타난 것이라고 할 수있다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2013

Purpose - Studies of mechanism as a competitive strategy, a relatively new field in the study of strategic management research, has recently drawn the attention of the business management scholars. The literature has so far proposed the subjective-based view, environment-based view, and the resource-based view in its analyses of firm management. Hence, it is highly likely for the firm management to be reasonably thought of as a combination of and interaction among the three key elements of subject, environment, and resources this is the mechanism-based view (MBV). It is reasonable to consider firm management to be the combination of and interaction among the three key elements of subject, environment, and resources. The overall dynamic process that integrates these three elements and creates functional harmony is identified as the mechanism, the principle of firm management. Much of the extant literatures on MBV has mainly focused on case studies, a qualitative approach prone to subjectivity of the researcher, although the intuition from the study may lead to meaningful insights into a firm-specific mechanism. This study's focus is also on case analysis, but it still attempts a quantitative approach in order to reach a scientific and systematic understanding of the MBV. Research design, data, and methodology - I used both a qualitative and quantitative approach to a single model, given the complexity of the innovation processes. I conducted in-depth interviews with POSCO employees-20 from general management, two from human resources, eight from information technology, five from finance and accounting, and five from production and logistics management. Once the innovative events were selected, the interview results were double-checked by the interviewees themselves to ensure the accuracy of the answers recorded. Based on the interview, I then conducted statistical validation using the survey results as well. Results - This study analyzes the building process of innovation and the effect of the mechanism pattern on innovation by examining the case of POSCO, which has survived over the past 21 years. I apply a new analytical tool to study mechanism innovation types, perform a new classification, and describe the interrelationships among the mechanism factors. This process allows me to see how the "Subject"factor interacts with the other factors. I found that, in the innovation process of the adoption stage, Subject had a mediating effect but that the mediating effect of resource and performance was smaller than the effect of Subject on performance alone. During the implementation stage, the mediating effect of Subject increased. Conclusion - Therefore, I have confirmed that the subject utilizes resources reasonably and efficiently. I have also advanced mechanism studies: whereas the field's research methods have been largely confined to single case studies, I have used both qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the relationships among mechanisms.