• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.899-904
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• 2012

High-dimensional categorical data models with small sample sizes have not been used extensively in genomic sequences that involve count (or discrete) or purely qualitative responses. A basic task is to identify differentially expressed genes (or positions) among a number of genes. It requires an appropriate test statistics and a corresponding multiple testing procedure so that a multivariate analysis of variance should not be feasible. A family wise error rate(FWER) is not appropriate to test thousands of genes simultaneously in a multiple testing procedure. False discovery rate(FDR) is better than FWER in multiple testing problems. The data from the 2002-2003 SARS epidemic shows that a conventional FDR procedure and a proposed test statistic based on a pseudo-marginal approach with Hamming distance performs better.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.74-87
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• 2018

Many people who wear skinny jeans have expressed satisfaction or concern regarding the side effects of wearing the garments, based on specific demographic characteristics. For this study, we disseminated 373 copies of a questionnaire. Study subjects were eighteen-to fifty-nine-year-old man and women Linear regression was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics included the ${\chi}^2$ test, t-test, ANOVA and Duncan multiple range test. Corresponding results in terms of difference analysis overall were significant when based on gender, marital status, age, occupation and the average score of satisfaction. The values were approximately three points. The qualitative results of difference analysis for side effects in wearing skinny jeans according to demographic characteristics were identified as the experience of displeasure by pressure. There was a significant difference according to gender. Leg edema was also observed based on gender, marital status, age, occupation and the experience of poor circulation of blood. The factor that has the greatest influence on satisfaction on wearing skinny jeans was sitting long hours.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.520-530
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• 1997

Antineoplastic agents may exhibit effects not only in patients therapeutically exposed, but also in health workers who prepare and administer these drugs. This study was done to clarify whether nurses who handle anticancer drugs show signs of drug absorption. The experimental group was 14 nurses handling anticancer drugs at three medical wards of a hospital in J city ; the control group was 12 psychiatric nurses at the same hospital. The test materials were the nurses' 24hr urine specimens, which were concentrated by XAD-2 column chromatograpy. Tester strains were TA98(±S9mix), TA100(±S9 mix), TA1535(±S9 mix) and TA1537(±S9 mix) : the salmonella mammalian microsomal test (Ames test) was used for the urinary mutagenicity assay. The results are summarized as follow : 1. In qualitative analysis of the results, both experimental group and control group showed 15.4% urine toxicity. 2. The experimental group revealed significantly higher urinary mutagenicity both in the activation method test and non-activation method test of the tester strains TA98, TA100 and TA1535. In the case of TA1537, the two groups showed no difference in the non-activation method test, but the activation method revealed a difference. 3. In urinary mutagenicity of the experimental group by ward career, there was a significant difference between the group with more than 20 months experience and the group with less than 20 months on the tester strains TA98, TA100, and TA1537. No Significant difference was found between two groups by the tester strain TA1535.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.457-484
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• 2015

This study aims to investigate an approach to teach proportional reasoning in elementary mathematics class by analyzing the proportional strategies the students use to solve the proportional reasoning tasks and their percentages of correct answers. For this research 174 sixth graders are examined. The instrument test consists of various questions types in reference to the previous study; the proportional reasoning tasks are divided into algebraic-geometric, quantitative-qualitative and missing value-comparisons tasks. Comparing the percentages of correct answers according to the task types, the algebraic tasks are higher than the geometric tasks, quantitative tasks are higher than the qualitative tasks, and missing value tasks are higher than the comparisons tasks. As to the strategies that students employed, the percentage of using the informal strategy such as factor strategy and unit rate strategy is relatively higher than that of using the formal strategy, even after learning the cross product strategy. As an insightful approach for teaching proportional reasoning, based on the study results, it is suggested to teach the informal strategy explicitly instead of the informal strategy, reinforce the qualitative reasoning while combining the qualitative with the quantitative reasoning, and balance the various task types in the mathematics classroom.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.63-81
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• 1995

This paper presents a model and algorithm for solving the multi-factor plant layout problem. The model can incorporate more than two factors that may be either quantitative or qualitative. The algorithm is based on simulated annealing, which has been successfully applied for the solution of combinatorial problems. A set of problems previously used by various authors is solved to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The results indicate that the proposed methods can yield good quality for each of eleven test problems.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.11
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• pp.33-41
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• 1991

Using the Brayton and Tong's computer-generated Lyapunov functions, we stabilize the multilocomotive train system so that the system is globally asymptotically stable. We decompose an interconnected system into the second order subsystems. Lyapunov functions of the free subystems are constructed using the Brayton and Tong's algorithm. An aggregated test matrix is determined in terms of the qualitative properties of the free subsystems and the interconnecting structures. Stated feedback is used for stabilizing the entire system.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1996 no.05
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• pp.164-166
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• 1996

Human aorta has viscoelastic behavior. The test of tissues such as aorta, skin, muscle, and ok. is required to consider visco effect on deformation behavior. Creep and slow recovery are main aspects of viscoelasticity of tissue engineering. Volumatric strain plays a important role in determine slow recovery of human arota. This study is to suggest the method avoiding viscous effect in tissue experiment The results shows the time scale when the specimen can be fully recovered from slow deformation. Also, this study observes the qualitative creep-effect on elastic strain in 1 minute at the same loading.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.221-238
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• 2006

This study investigates the reliability of plagiarism measurement in the ESL essay writing context. The current study aims to address the answers to the following research questions: 1) How does plagiarism measurement affect test reliability in a psychometric view? and 2) how do raters conceive the plagiarism in their analytic scoring? This study uses the mixed-methodology that crosses quantitative-qualitative techniques. Thirty eight international students took an ESL placement writing test offered by the University of Illinois. Two native expert raters rated students' essays in terms of 5 analytic features (organization, content, language use, source use, plagiarism) and made a holistic score using a scoring benchmark. For research question 1, the current study, using G-theory and Multi-facet Rasch model, found that plagiarism measurement threatened test reliability. For research question 2, two native raters and one non-native rater in their email correspondences responded that plagiarism was not a valid analytic area to be measured in a large-scale writing test. They viewed the plagiarism as a difficult measurement are. In conclusion, this study proposes that a systematic training program for avoiding plagiarism should be given to students. In addition, this study suggested that plagiarism is measured reliably in the small-scale classroom test.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.45-49
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• 2003

A Bake-Out test for STSAT-1 FM(Flight Model) was performed in a Bake-Out Chamber at SITC(Satellite Integration & Test Center) in KARI(Korea Aerospace Research Institute). The purpose of this test is to measure and analyze the outgassing rate to affect the optical equipment(FIMS) and to eliminate contaminants through the high temperature bake-out. This Bake-Out test is composed of three parts which are honeycomb panels & harnesses(Batch 1), an assembled satellite(Batch 2), and a disassembled satellite(Batch 3). For each test, quantitative and qualitative measurements and analysis were performed using TQCM(Thermoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalance) and RGA(Residual Gas Analyzer.)

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.615-625
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• 2009

In this paper we describe Wilcoxon test and T-test that are well-known in two-sample location problem for detecting edges under different window configurations. The choice of window configurations is an important factor in determining the performance and the expense of edge detectors. Our edge detectors are based on testing the mean values of local neighborhoods obtained under the edge model using an edge-height parameter. We compare three window configurations based on statistical tests in terms of qualitative measures with the edge maps and objective, quantitative measures as well as CPU time for detecting edge.