• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.66-73
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• 2010

This paper proposes the frequency multiplier using diplexer based on CRLH transmission line with dualband characteristic. The diplexer is separated the output signals of harmonic generator, which is generated the harmonic signals using nonlinear device. The diplexer consists of the inphase power divider, 0o/90o phase controller and dual-band quadrature hybrid coupler. This send out the selecting output signals of the harmonic signals and suppresses out of signals. To validate a function of multiplier, the harmonic generator and diplexer with 2 GHz and 3 GHz operating frequency range is implemented. As a result, the proposed frequency multiplier is operated normally.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.1759-1764
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• 2015

In this paper, we considered a design method of a circular polarization (CP) antenna for UHF (ultra high frequency) RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) readers. The antenna is a dual-fed circular microstrip patch which produces right-handed CP. Quadrature hybrid coupler is used for dual feeding. The outputs of the coupler and circular patch are connected through copper wires, and the inductive reactance produced by the connecting wires is compensated by a ring-shaped slot inserted inside the circular patch. The effects of the geometrical parameters of the proposed antenna on the antenna performance are examined, and the parameters are adjusted to be suitable for the operation in North American UHF RFID band (902-928 MHz), which includes domestic UHF RFID band. The antenna is fabricated, and the experiment results reveal a frequency band of 854-993 MHz for a voltage standing wave ratio < 2. The fabricated antenna is connected to a commercial RFID reader, and it showed a good performance of tag identification.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.981-987
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• 2016

We present a cost-effective dual polarization quadrature phase-shift coherent receiver module using a silica planar lightwave circuit (PLC) hybrid assembly. Two polarization beam splitters and two $90^{\circ}$ optical hybrids are monolithically integrated in one silica PLC chip with an index contrast of $2%-{\Delta}$. Two four-channel spot-size converter integrated waveguide-photodetector (PD) arrays are bonded on PD carriers for transverse-electric/transverse-magnetic polarization, and butt-coupled to a polished facet of the PLC using a simple chip-to-chip bonding method. Instead of a ceramic sub-mount, a low-cost printed circuit board is applied in the module. A stepped CuW block is used to dissipate the heat generated from trans-impedance amplifiers and to vertically align RF transmission lines. The fabricated coherent receiver shows a 3-dB bandwidth of 26 GHz and a common mode rejection ratio of 16 dB at 22 GHz for a local oscillator optical input. A bit error rate of $8.3{\times}10^{-11}$ is achieved at a 112-Gbps back-to-back transmission with off-line digital signal processing.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.91-97
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• 2018

This paper presents implementation possibilities of digital IoT doorlock systems via VLC(Visible Light Communication)'s color grid. The color grid-based VLC modulation scheme which are discussed in this paper utilize the straightness of light and abundant frequency resources which are the properties of the light. Performance results in this paper are compared to that of conventional modulations with Bit Error Rate (BER) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) simulations. With respect to a channel model, the proposed modulation schemes select the nearest Line Of Sight (LOS) except Non Line Of Sight (NLOS). Experiments in this paper show error rates of received symbols by changing power dB at a distance of 3m between Tx and Rx in an indoor environment. Through performance results and experiments, this paper demonstrates superiority of the proposed color grid-based modulation schemes.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.3 s.357
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• pp.7-17
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• 2007

An analysis and design theory of an aperture-coupled cavity-fed back-to-back microstrip directional coupler is presented for the efficient and optimized design. For this purpose, an equivalent network is developed, and simple but accurate calculations of circuit element values are described. Design equations of the coupler are derived based on the equivalent circuit. In order to determine various structural design parameters, the evolutionary hybrid optimization method based on the genetic algorithm and Nelder-Mead method is invoked. As a validation check of the proposed theory and optimized design method, a 10 dB directional coupler was designed and fabricated. The measured coupling was 10.3 dB at 3 GHz, and the return loss and isolation were 31.8 dB and 30.5 dB, respectively. The directional coupler also showed very good quadrature phase characteristics. Good agreements between the measured and the design specifications fully validate the proposed network analysis and design procedure.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1325-1332
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• 2009

In this paper, we design a 2.4 GHz bio-radar system that can detect human heartbeat and respiration signals with small size and improved noise performance using single circular-polarized antenna and phase-locked loop. The demonstrated bio-radar system consists of single circular-polarized antenna with $90^{\circ}$ hybrid, low-noise amplifier, power amplifier, voltage-controlled oscillator with phase-locked loop circuits, quadrature demodulator and analog circuits. To realize compact size, the printed annular ring stacked microstrip antenna is integrated on the transceiver circuits, so its dimension is just $40\times40mm^2$. Also, to improve signal-to-noise-ratio performance by phase noise due to transmitter leakage signal, the phase-locked loop circuit is used. The measured results show that the heart rate and respiration accuracy was found to be very high for the distance of 50 cm without the additional digital signal processing.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.3C
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• pp.271-280
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• 2008

M channel near-perfect-reconstruction(NPR) pseudo-QMF banks are a hybrid of conventional pseudo-QMF design and spectral factorization approach where the analysis and synthesis filters are cosine-modulated versions of the prototype-lowpass filter(p-LPF). However, p-LPF H(z) does not have linear-phase symmetry as well as magnitude-distortion optimization since it is obtained by spectral factorization of $2M^{-th}$ band filter $G(z)=z^{-(N-1)}H(z^{-1})H(z)$. A fair amount of attention, therefore, has been focused on the design of filter banks for reducing only alias-cancellation distortion without reconstructed-amplitude distortion. In this paper, we propose a new method for designing linear-phase p-LPF in NPR pseudo-QMF banks, which is based on Maxflat(maximally flat) FIR filters with closed-form transfer function. In addition, p-LPF H(z) is optimized in this approach so that the 2M-channel overall distortion response represented with $G(z)=H^2(z)$ approximately becomes an unit magnitude response. Through several examples of NPR pseudo-QMF banks, it is shown that the peek ripple of the overall magnitude distortion is less than $3.5{\times}10^{-4}\;({\simeq}-70dB)$ and analysis/synthesis filters have the sharp monotone-stopband attenuation exceeding 100 dB.