• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.461-467
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• 2016

부유 이송식 해상풍력 기초를 목표 지점에 설치하기 위해서는 내부의 중공부에 해수를 주입하여 착저 시키게 되는데, 그 과정에서 중량 및 무게 중심과 부력중심이 변하게 되어 부유식 기초가 불안정해 질 수 있다. 부유 이송식 기초의 동적안정성 해석은 기초 외부의 수력학적 하중과 6-자유도 운동을 하게 되는 기초에 작용하는 파도와 조류 하중 및 설치 과정에서 기초 내부의 중공부로 투입되는 해수의 무게중심 이동까지 동시에 고려해야 하는 복잡한 문제이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 3차원 비정상 CFD 기법과 다물체 동역학 기법을 연성 (coupling)한 정밀 해석기법을 적용하여 부유 이송식 기초 내부 물의 슬로싱 운동까지 고려한 동적안정성 해석을 수행하고 특성을 분석하였다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.145-155
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• 2010

최근 국내에서는 해저터널에 대한 관심이 늘고 있고, 실제 해저터널의 건설아 진행되고 있다. 이러한 해저터널의 안정성을 위해서는 차수 및 보강을 위해 그라우팅이 필수적이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 해저 심부에 위치한 터널을 대상으로 그라우팅 보장이 터널의 안정성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 1, 3, 5 등급 암반을 대상으로 그라우팅 보강영역, 암반등급, 숏크리트 두께, 측압계수, 그라우팅 두께, 펌핑의 유무를 달리하여 민감도 분석을 위한 수리-역학적 연계해석을 수행하였다. 수치해석을 위해 FLAC-2D ver 5.0을 사용하였다. 해저터널의 그라우팅 보강 설계를 수행할 경우에는 그라우팅의 강도증가 효과뿐만 아니라 그라우팅 차수로 인해 증가되는 수압의 효과도 같이 고려해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.429-436
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• 2005

A coagulation/ultrafiltration membrane hybrid system was operated to treat river water with capacity of $0.06m^3/d$. The impact on membrane fouling by flux and linear velocity was investigated. It is known that pressure increase is proportional to flux increase. However, pressure increase was much faster than theoretical value in the pilot plant test. So it was suggested that flux was on important factor in ultrafiltration of continuous operation. Membrane fouling was decreased when linear velocity was increased. This phenomenon was found more obviously without coagulation. With the combination of coagulation and sedimentation, membrane fouling was not reduced conspicuously. Big particles formed during coagulation and sedimentation were destroyed by feed and circulation pumping, which resulted in little effect on membrane fouling reduction. The degree of destruction was similar at various linear velocities. In this study, the hollow fiber membrane was used and the system was operated in pressure type module. In case of the system used in this study, membrane fouling has been affected lightly by linear velocity variation when coagulation pretreatment was applied.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2015

The thermal performance in the channels with two-wall rectangular convergent/divergent cross-sectional areas along the axial distance was investigated experimentally. The ribbed rectangular convergent/divergent channels were manufactured with a fixed rib height (e) = 10 mm and the ratio of rib spacing (p) to height (e) = 10. Three different parallel angled ribs (a = $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, and $60^{\circ}$) were each placed on the channel's one sided wall only. The convergent channel of $D_{ho}/D_{hi}=0.67$ and the divergent channel of $D_{ho}/D_{hi}=1.49$ were considered. The ribbed divergent channel produced better thermal performance than the ribbed convergent channel in three different restrictions; identical flow rate, identical pumping power, and identical pressure loss.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.455-460
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• 2014

South Korea's power consumption is increasing every year. For stable electric power supply, more generation facilities are needed. But it is not easy to build nuclear power generation facilities, so provision of renewable energy is thought of as the solution. For the system's stable management, practical use of energy storing system is needed. Currently, pumping up electric power station is considered most useful. In this study, we have calculated the least amount of energy storing device by considering the renewable energy, HVDC, and change in power for the appliance of ESS in Jeju system, according to The 6th Basic Plan for Long-term Electricity Supply and Demand. Also we have calculated the amount of the battery and about the load equalizing effect to use battery as power storing device. Finally, we have calculated the reduction of electricity generation and the reduction of $CO_2$ emission with this study.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.671-683
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• 2017

Groundwater control is a significant issue in most underground construction. An estimate of the inflow rate is required to size the pumping system, and treatment plant facilities for construction planning and cost assessment. An estimate of the excavation-induced drawdown of the initial groundwater level is required to evaluate potential environmental impacts. Analytical and empirical methods used in current engineering practice do not adequately account for the effect of the jointed-rock-mass anisotropy and heterogeneity. The impact of geostructural anisotropy of fractured rocks on tunnel inflows is addressed and the limitations of analytical solutions assuming isotropic hydraulic conductivity are discussed. In this paper the unexcavated Zagros tunnel route has been classified from groundwater flow point of view based on the combination of observed water inflow and numerical modeling results. Results show that, in this hard rock tunnel, flow usually concentrates in some areas, and much of the tunnel is dry. So the remaining unexcavated Zagros tunnel route has been categorized into three categories including high Risk, moderately risk and low risk. Results show that around 60 m of tunnel (3%) length can conduit the large amount of water into tunnel and categorized into high risk zone and about 45% of tunnel route has moderately risk. The reason is that, in this tunnel, most of the water flows in rock fractures and fractures typically occur in a clustered pattern rather than in a regular or random pattern.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권9호
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• pp.1632-1637
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• 2010

A micro-water-nozzle, as one of a cooling means of micro-electronic devices, has been proposed and investigated. The I-V characteristics of the micro-water-nozzle and effect of applied voltage on the meniscus formation and deformation and ejection processes of de-ionized water on the micro-water-nozzle tip have been investigated. The water ejection processes, such as a drop formation, a drop deformation, a dripping, a cone jet, and an atomization, were taken place on the micro-water-nozzle tip by the electrohydrodynamic forces acted by the DC and AC high voltages applied on the meniscus of the micro-water-nozzle tip. The I-V characteristics of the micro-water-nozzle-to-plate electrode system were different from that of the same metal-point electrode system, due to the meniscus formation and water droplet ejection at the nozzle tip. The positive and negative DC and AC high voltages showed the water droplets ejection, the ejection rates of 1.8, 1.5 and 1.2 g/h respectively, which, however, showed that the proposed micro-water-nozzle-to-plate electrode system could be used as one of an effective pumping means.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2003년도 하계학술연구발표회 및 한.일 공동심포지엄
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• pp.272-273
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• 2003

Spin dynamics has been investigated intensively in various kinds of fields. Most popular one is an initial permeability at high frequency. Also, magnetic after-effect such as thermal fluctuation of fine magnetic particles and disaccommodation in soft magnetic materials were extensively studied in the past. When we apply an external farce with the same frequency as that of the system being examined, the system absorbs the external energy and the precession enhances. It is called resonance in general. Among the various resonances, ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) has been used as a good tool to evaluate material constants such as saturation manetization or spin damping parameter by analyzing a resonance curve. In this talk first instinctive understanding of Gilbert spin damping and spin pumping will be explained. Then, experimental data for enhancement of Gilbert damping parameter (G) evaluated from FMR spectrum and spin precession measured by a time resolved pump-probe method for Permalloy thin film will be introduced. Finally, magnetization reversal observed by air-coplanar probe will be given.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.245-251
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• 1994

고리형 공진기의 색소레이저에서 시계방향 모드와 반시계 방향 모드 사이에 나타나는 switching 현상을 펌프 매개변수 a, 폄프요동의 세기 Q 및 진동수폭 등을 변화시켜 Monte Carlo 방법으로 수치 계산하여 고찰하였다. 덧셈형 noise만 고려할 때와 이 noise에다 여기요동을 나타내는 곱셈형 색 noise를 포함시켰을 때 FPT분포에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 두 경우에 있어서 FTP의 분포는 짧은 시간영역에서는 0에서 상승하여 최대값에 도달하고, 긴 시간영역에서는 지수함수적으로 감소하는 경향은 같았으나 덧셈의 noise만 존재할 때에 비하여 곱셈의 색 noise가 포함될 때는 FPT가 감소하였다. 한편, 평균 FTP는 펌프매개변수 a의 증가와 더불어 증대하였으며 곱셈형 noise의 세기Q 및 진동수폭 $\GAMMA$가 증가할 때는 감소함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1700-1711
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• 2004

Piston friction is one of the important but complicated sources of energy loss of a hydraulic axial piston machine. In this paper, two formulas are derived for estimating instantaneous piston friction force and average piston friction moment loss. The derived formula can be applicable for piston guides with or without bushing as well as for axial piston machines of motoring and pumping operations. Through the formula derivation, a typical curve shape of friction force found from several experimental measurements during one revolution of a machine is clearly explained in this paper that it is mainly due to the equivalent friction coefficient dependent on its angular position. Stribeck curve effect can easily be incorporated into the formula by replacing outer and inner friction coefficients at both edges of a piston with the coefficient given by Manring (1999) considering mixed/boundary lubrication effects. Novel feature of the derived formula is that it is represented only by physical dimensions of a machine, hence it allows to estimate the piston friction force and loss moment of a machine without hardworking experimental test.