• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.368-379
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• 2007

To investigate the dying properties of the extracts from different parts of Neolitsea sericea Koidz on Hanji, the dye materials were prepared from the extraction methods using $1{\ell}$ of hot water and alkaline solution with 40 g of leaves, bark, and wood each. K/S values and H (V/C) values of the Hanji dyed at different pH, temperature, time, and concentration of extract were determined using a spectrophotometer, and the maximum absorption wavelength of the dyed Hanji was 400 nm. From the analyzed data, the optimum dying conditions were pH 5 of dying solution, $70^{\circ}C$ of dying temperature, 40 minutes of dying time, and 100% of dye concentration. The color of dyed Hanji was Y to YR and color R- and RP-type could also be formed from the different treatment conditions. From the dyeing using mordants, amount of the bound dye materials was high in the pre-mordanted Hanji and in Hanji treated with extracts from the leaves. Also, the amount of the bound dye materials in the pre-mordanted Hanji was higher when aluminum and iron mordant was used rather than other mordants. Not likely with this, amount of the bound dye materials in the post-mordanted Hanji was higher when copper mordant was used. In color, Hanji treated extracts from the leaves appeared as Y-type and ones treated with extracts from bark and wood showed YR-type.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2012

Brewers grain is a byproduct of beer brewing and consists primarily of grain husks, pericarp, and fragments of endosperm. Although this material is consumed by animals and used as fertilizer, a large amount of brewers grain is simply discarded. Therefore, new methods for utilizing this fibrous resource should be pursued. In this study, we examined the potential utilization of brewers grain as an additive in the paperboard industry by determining the chemical composition of brewers grain and the physical properties of brewers grain powders after grinding with two types of grinders. We found that brewers grain had a lower holocellulose content and higher lignin content and intermediate ash content when compared to other biomass materials, and did not contain any contaminants that would interfere with the papermaking process. Particles had a higher fiber length, less fiber width, and narrower shape factor distribution when ground by a blender type grinder than by a pin crusher type grinder. The blender type grinder was concluded to make regular brewers grain particles appropriate for papermaking.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2005

Experimental work was carried out in order to produce a novel grade of ink-jet paper that has both high print-out quality and price competitiveness. Usually, silica and PVOH has been used for ink-jet paper to design the coating layer that has a hydrophilic and micro-porous structure. However, poor rheological characteristics and low productivity of the silica-PVOH system make the price of the ink-jet paper high. The main focus of this study was replacing the conventional silica (coating pigment) PVOH (binder) coating system with the new PCC (coating pigment) cationic starch (binder) coating system, and optimizing thecoating technology associated with PPC-cationic starch system. In this study, ink-jet print quality of PCC-coated papers was compared with that of silica-coated paper. Two types of PCC were used: conventional type and colloid type. It turned out that PCC C, a conventional coating pigment, has not given a desirable result: it showed high dot reproduction, but it gave low optical density. In spite of low dot reproduction, the qualities of PCC A were comparable or superior to those of silica in optical density, color reproduction, and the uniformity of printing surface. It was also shown that the problems that are happened when the dosage level of cationic starch was too low were varied with ink-type used in each printer. However, in the case of low binder level, the produced image was widely spread resulting fromtoo low optical density of images, or from the lack of bonding ability to set ink into coating surface.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2007

To investigate the dying properties of the extracts from different parts of Neolitsea sericea Koidz on Hanji, the dye materials were prepared from the extraction methods using $1{\ell}$ of hot water and alkaline solution with 40 g of leaves, bark, and wood each. K/S values and H (V/C) values of the Hanji dyed at different pH, temperature, time, and concentration of extract were determined using a spectrophotometer, and the maximum absorption wavelength of the dyed Hanji was 400 nm. From the analyzed data, the optimum dying conditions were pH 5 of dying solution, $70^{\circ}C$ of dying temperature, 40 minutes of dying time, and 100% of dye concentration. The color of dyed Hanji was Y to YR and color R- and RP-type could also be formed from the different treatment conditions. From the dyeing using mordants, amount of the bound dye materials was high in the pre-mordanted Hanji and in Hanji treated with extracts from the leaves. Also, the amount of the bound dye materials in the pre-mordanted Hanji was higher when aluminum and iron mordant was used rather than other mordants. Not likely with this, amount of the bound dye materials in the post-mordanted Hanji was higher when copper mordant was used. In color, Hanji treated extracts from the leaves appeared as Y-type and ones treated with extracts from bark and wood showed YR-type.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 인산 칼슘 근관 봉함재 [Apatite Root Sealer (ARS) Type I, II, III]의 세포독성을 혼합후의 시간 경과에 따라서 다른 4계열의 근관 봉함재 (Pulp Canal Sealer EWT, AH Plus, Sealapex, Ketac Endo)와 비교하여 평가하였다. 근관 봉함재를 혼합한 후 1시간, 8시간, 24시간, 48시간, 1주, 2주,4주의 기간동안 배양액을 이용하여 추출액을 얻었다. L929 쥐섬유아세포를 24시간동안 각 시간군에서 얻은 추출액과 함께 배양한 후 dimethylthiazol diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay와 neutral red (NR) assay를 이용하여 세포독성(%)을 평가하였다. 실험 결과 ARS Type I, II, III는 전 시간군에 걸쳐 낮은 세포독성을 보였고 (23.65-0.55%) 특히 경화 초기에 다른 계열의 근관 봉함재보다 유의성 있게 낮은 세포독성을 나타내었다. ARS Type I, II, III간의 세포독성은 각 시간군에서 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. AH Plus와 Ketac Endo는 초기에 높은 세포독성을 보였으나 AH Plus는 8시간 이후에, Ketac Endo는 24시간 이후에 독성이 급격히 감소하여 ARS와 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. Pulp Canal Sealer EWT와 Sealapex는 4주까지 지속적인 세포독성을 나타내었다. 그리고 MTT assay와 NR assay를 이용하여 얻은 각 근관봉함재의 세포독성은 시간 경과에 따라서 비슷한 변화 양상을 나타내었다. 인산 칼슘 근관 봉함재는 생체적합성이 우수한 재료로써 앞으로 지속적인 개발과 평가가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.111-127
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• 2003

Statement of problem : Resin cements were used widely on all ceramic crowns, but the influence of resin cements on biocells was not understood clearly. Purpose : This study was investigated to evaluate the biocompatibility of resin cements for all-ceramic crowns. Material and Method : The resin cements used in this study were Panavia F (Kuraray Co., Ltd. Japan), Variolink II (Vivadent Ets., Schann / Liechtenstein), and Bistite II (Bistite dual cure resin cement-clear Tokuyama Soda Co. Japan). The viability of normal human oral keratocytes, gingival fibroblast, and gingival fibroblast immortalized by Human Papilloma virus 16 was measured in vitro for evaluation of cytotoxicity on resin cements, and the response of pulp tissue was analyzed and evaluated with light microscope after application of cements at cutting edge of incisors. Results : The normal human oral keratocytes was the most sensitive to toxicity of resin cement, and toxicity of cements was higher in Bistite II than in Variolink II. The cell viability of immortalized gingival fibroblast did not affected by type of cement and cultivation period, but there was a tendency that cytotoxicity in Bistite II was higher than in Variolink II. The cell viability of gingival fibroblast was similar to that of immortalized gingival fibroblast regardless of cement type, but Bistite II showed more toxic than others after 5 days cultivation. The responses of pulp tissue according to cement type were similar after 2 days cultivation, but revealed high toxicity in Bistite II after 10 days cultivation. Conclusion : Variolink II was more biocompatible than any other resin cements used in this study.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2016

본 연구는 상악 매복 과잉치를 가지고 전신질환 및 의과 병력이 없는 만 5 - 9세 사이의 남녀 20명으로부터 서면동의를 얻고 상악 전치부에 매복된 과잉치를 발치하고 치수세포를 채취하였다. 채취 후 세포의 1차 배양 동안 오염된 3명(남자 2명, 여자 1명)을 제외하고 총 17명(남자 10명, 여자 7명)을 대상으로 하였다. 이번 연구에서 과잉치 치수조직으로부터 유래한 세포의 계대 배양에 소요된 평균 시간은 $2.91{\pm}0.29$일이었다. 최초 치수조직으로부터 세포를 얻은 후 80% confluency를 얻는데 소요되는 시간이 $4.53{\pm}0.94$일로 가장 많이 걸렸고, 이후 계대부터는 $2.73{\pm}0.32$일이 소요되었다. 남자의 비율은 58.82%, 여자의 비율은 41.18%이었다. 여자의 평균 소요시간은 $2.81{\pm}0.27$일 이었으며, 남자는 $2.98{\pm}0.29$이었다. 과잉치가 역위된 비율은 82.35%, 정위 비율은 17.65%였다. 평균 계대 소요 배양 시간은 역위가 $2.94{\pm}0.30$일, 정위는 $2.80{\pm}0.20$일이었다. 원뿔형(Conical type)은 76.47%였고, 그 외 형태는 23.53%였다. 원뿔형의 평균 소요시간은 $2.92{\pm}0.31$이었고, 그 외 형태의 소요 시간은 $2.88{\pm}0.22$이었다. 매복 방향과 형태에 따른 계대 배향 시간은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 향후 초기 계대와 후기 계대에서 얻어진 세포의 줄기세포로써의 능력을 평가하는 후속 연구들이 필요하며, 3일 이내의 계대 배양 시간이 소요된 점을 고려할 때, 연구의 효율성과 빠른 배양시간 등은 과잉치 유래세포가 치아유래 줄기세포의 연구에 활용가능성이 충분하리라 판단되었다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2014

The cultivation of agricultural crops results in the generation of agricultural byproducts. Researchers have reported that these materials can be useful in a variety of applications. However, over 50% of them are currently discarded because of the lack of specific technologies in industrial applications. Therefore, effective and specific applications must be developed in order to manufacture high-quality materials using discarded lignocellulosic resources. In this study, we determined the possibility of using kraft pulp from major agricultural byproducts as a raw material for the manufacture of paperboard. Rice husks, peanut husks, and garlic stems were obtained and used to prepare many kinds of kraft pulps by controlling the active alkali, sulfidity, reaction time, and liquor ratio. After the production of these kraft pulps, handsheets were manufactured by mixing them with KOCC. After preconditioning, the physical properties and strengths of the handsheets were measured according to the TAPPI test methods. The shapes, lengths, and widths of the pulp fibers varied according to the type of agricultural byproduct and the kraft pulping conditions. Rice husk and garlic stem pulps manufactured under mild pulping conditions resulted in handsheets of higher bulk than other pulps. Garlic stem pulps manufactured under mild pulping conditions were stronger than rice husk pulps and peanut husk pulps.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2003년도 제120회 추계학술대회 제 5차 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회
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• pp.592-593
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• 2003

I. Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare in vivo the biocompatibility of new calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers(CAPSEAL I, CAPSEAL II) with another type of commercially available calcium phosphate sealer (Apatite Root Sealer type I, Apatite Root Sealer type II) and zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealer (Pulp Canal Sealer EWT) after implantaion in rat subcutaneous tissue. II. Materials and Methods 64 Sprague-Dawley rats were used. There were five groups of three animals each for experimental period of 1, 2, 4, and 12 weeks. The teflon tubes, 5mm in length with an inner diameter of 1.5mm, were washed with ethanol and distilled weter and autoclaved.(omitted)

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1989

Studies were conducted on the preparation methods of strawberry jam. Strawberry was homogenized and centrifuged to serum-pulp portion. Concentration of strawberry serum was carried out at 55~58$^{\circ}C$ under pressure of 30~60mmHg. Strawberry jam bases were mixed throughly and stuffed in retortable pouch, The pouch was sterilized to make a new strawberry jam. The characteristics of new type ism was analyzed gas chromatographic profile, and sensory evaluations.