• 전자공학회논문지SC
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2004

전기를 이용한 치아의 자극은 치수의 생활력 평가의 한 방법이다. 전기 치수 검사의 기본원리는 치아 내의 치수에 전류 자극을 가하여 유발되는 통증 유무로 치수의 생활력을 평가한다. 그러나 치아의 에나멜질의 임피던스가 크고 개인에 따라 차이가 많기 때문에 치아의 상태에 영향을 받지 않으면서 자극을 제어하기가 불가능하다. 대부분의 치수검사기가 전압 자극 방법을 사용하고 있어 개인에 따라 자극 역치 값이 크게 변화한다 그러므로 치아 에나멜질의 두께 차에 의해 발생하는 영향을 최소화하기 위해 정 전류 치수 검사기가 필요하다. 그리고 치아 임피던스에 관계없이 넓은 전류 범위를 갖는 치수 검사기가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 전류 안정 회로를 사용하여 최대 150 uA의 전류와 통증을 완화하는 버스트 파형을 발생시킬 수 있는 정 전류원 치수 검사기를 개발하고 그 성능을 확인하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.48.1-48.11
• /
• 2020

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify mean oxygen saturation values (SpO₂) using pulse oximetry in permanent maxillary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: The MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, and Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências da Saúde electronic databases were searched. Combinations and variations of "oximetry" AND "dental pulp test" were used as search terms. Studies reporting means and standard deviations of SpO₂ values were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic, and all analyses were performed using R software. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Of the 251 studies identified, 19 met the eligibility criteria and were included (total sample, 4,541 teeth). In the meta-analysis, the mean SpO₂ values were 84.94% (95% confidence interval [CI], 84.85%-85.04%) for the central incisors, 89.29% (95% CI, 89.22%-89.35%) for the lateral incisors, and 89.20% (95% CI, 89.05%-89.34%) for the canines. The studies were predominantly low-quality due to the high risk of bias associated with the index test, unclear risk regarding patient selection, and concerns about outcome assessment. Conclusions: Although most studies were low-quality, the oxygen saturation levels in normal pulp could be established (minimum saturation, 77.52%). Despite the risk of bias of the included studies, the reference values reported herein are clinically relevant for assessments of changes in pulp status.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.277-292
• /
• 2020

유치 및 미성숙영구치의 치수치료는 소아 및 청소년 영역에서 빈번하게 행하지는 치료이며, 임상 양상과 치수 진단 뿐만 아니라 환아 및 보호자, 술자의 환경에 영향을 받는다. 이 연구의 목적은 실제 임상에서 행해지는 치수치료의 현황에 대한 조사와 더불어 치료방법을 선택하게 된 배경에 대해 조사하는 것이다. 이 연구는 소아치과학회 회원을 대상으로 총 153명의 설문조사 결과지를 바탕으로 시행되었으며, 2010년부터 2018년까지의 건강보험심사평가원의 통계자료를 함께 분석하였다. 설문조사 결과와 건강보험심사평가원의 통계자료 모두 유치의 1-visit pulpectomy가 가장 활발하게 시행되고 있는 술식으로 나타났으며, 유치열기 또는 혼합치열기 어린이에서 Ni-Ti file의 사용 빈도가 증가하였다. 미성숙영구치의 치료에서는 개인치과의원에서 치수재생치료의 시행 빈도가 대학병원보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제58권8호
• /
• pp.29.1-29.10
• /
• 2016

Background: It is known that large dogs who are fed lamb and rice diets are at increased risk to develop taurine-deficiency-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. Since dogs obligatorily conjugate bile acids (BA) with taurine, we determined whether rice bran (RB) or other fibers (cellulose; CL, beet pulp; BP) would affect BA excretion and/or the taurine status of dogs. Results: Eighteen medium/large mixed-breed dogs were given purified diets containing CL, BP, or RB for 12 weeks. Taurine concentrations in plasma and whole blood were significantly decreased at week 12. The BP group, compared to the CL or RB groups, showed significantly lower taurine concentrations in plasma ($6.5{\pm}0.5$ vs $20.4{\pm}3.9$ and $13.1{\pm}2.0{\mu}mol/L$, respectively, P < 0.01, $mean{\pm}SEM$) and in whole blood ($79{\pm}10$ vs $143{\pm}14$ and $127{\pm}14{\mu}mol/L$, respectively, P < 0.01), lower apparent protein digestibility ($81.9{\pm}0.6$ vs $88.8{\pm}0.6$ and $88.1{\pm}1.2%$, respectively, P < 0.01), and higher BA excretions ($5.6{\pm}0.1$ vs $3.4{\pm}0.5$ and $3.4{\pm}0.4{\mu}mol/g$ feces, respectively, P < 0.05) at week 12. Conclusions: These results do not support the hypothesis that RB is likely to be a primary cause of lamb meal and rice diets, increasing the risk of taurine deficiency in large dogs. However these indicate that BP may contribute to a decrease taurine status in dogs by increasing excretion of fecal BA and decreasing protein digestibility, thus decreasing the bioavailability of sulfur amino acids, the precursors of taurine.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제39권7호
• /
• pp.610-616
• /
• 2006

This study was performed to investigate the effect of whole mandarin, peel or pulp intake of Citrus unshiu Marc. on antioxidative capacity and oxidative DNA damage in fifteen-month aged rats. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats $(621.9\;{\pm}\;10.1\;g)$ were blocked into four groups according to their body weights as control group, whole mandarin powder group, mandarin peel powder group and mandarin pulp powder group. Rats were raised with diets containing 5% (w/w) freeze dried mandarin formulations for four weeks. Total polyphenol content and total antioxidant status (TAS) of mandarin formulations were highest in peel powder, followed by whole powder and then pulp powder. The 8-hydroxy2'-deoxyguanosine concentrations of kidney in all mandarin groups were significantly lower than that of control group, and that of mandarin peel group was much lower than whole powder and pulp groups. Plasma TAS levels of all the experimental groups were higher than that of control group, and among mandarin groups, peel group showed higher level than remaining two groups. In conclusion, all the mandarin formulations were effective on antioxidative capacity in fifteen-month aged rats, and the peel was most effective one among three formulations.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.492-496
• /
• 2010

치관부 변색은 외상당한 치아에서 종종 관찰되는 현상이다. 아탈구에서의 치관부 변색은, 외상의 정도가 근단공을 지나는 동맥혈관을 파열시키기에 충분히 강하지 않으나 얇은 외벽을 가진 모세혈관을 절단 또는 폐쇄 시키는 경우에서 일어날 수 있다고 설명된다. 감염이 일어나지 않는다면 치수 회복의 과정이 일어날 수 있으며 그에 따라 치관부 변색은 완전하게, 또는 불완전한 상태로 회복되기도 한다. 그러나 이러한 치관부의 색 변화로 치수 괴사를 진단하기에는 불충분하며, 불필요한 치료를 야기할 우려가 있다. 이번 증례는 전치부의 외상 후, 치관부 변색의 과정과 이의 회복을, 초음파 도플러 그라피를 통하여 확인한 것을 나타낸다. 통상적인 냉검사나 전기치수검사로 치수 생활력을 판단하기 어려운 외상 치아의 진단에 있어 초음파 도플러 그라피의 사용은 보다 정확한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 평가된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제107권2호
• /
• pp.205-217
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 한국산업표준(KS)의 전문성을 강화하기 위한 범부처 참여형 표준운영 정책이 실시됨에 따라 목재 및 펄프 제지 산업표준과 관련하여 산업표준화법에 따른 표준운영 현황을 파악하고, 단계적인 표준 정비방안과 표준 활성화 방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 산림청은 2015년에 목재 및 펄프 제지산업분야 KS를 산업통상자원부로부터 이관 받아 현재는 426종의 관련 표준을 관리 운영하고 있으며 3개 분야 전문위원회(목재 목조건축분야, 목질재료분야, 펄프 제지분야)와 목재 제지 기술심의회를 신설하여 표준의 제 개정 안건을 심의 하도록 하였다. 목재 및 제지 산업분야의 국가표준이 전문 부처에서 관리되는 만큼 기술 경쟁력 향상과 시장성을 확보하는데 기여할 수 있도록 기존 표준의 재정비와 실용적인 표준 개발이 필요한 시점이다. 이를 위해서 표준 운영에 대한 체계 수립과 전략적인 표준 분석이 필요하다. 더 나아가 KS와 국제 표준과의 부합화를 통해 국제 무역에서 표준의 상이성에 따른 기술 장벽이 되지 않도록 하며, 지속적인 정책적 지원과 표준개발 역량을 강화하기 위한 전문 인력의 육성이 뒷받침 되어야 할 것이다.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 2014

Many government agencies have used domestic deacidification equipments to stabilize archives; however, no agency has verified archives' current preservative status. We studied the Nara National Archives' documents that had treated by mass deacidification process from 2001 to 2012, in order to examine the documents' preservative status and how efficient the mass deacidification has been. Approximately 1% of total 112,970 Nara National Archives' documents treated by mass deacidification were randomly selected and evaluated on their current measure of acidity and color change. Regardless of the kinds of document material, a wide range of pH level was found. Especially those documents that were treated by mass deacidification equipment after 2006 showed acidic conditions that were less than pH 6.8 level. Those documents were probably not treated properly by deacidifying chemical because of tightly packing style. The current measures of acidity and color records will be useful as a reference for future evaluations of further decay of the documents. It was the first study to evaluate acidity and color conditions of Nara National Archives' documents treated by mass deacidification equipment. We concluded that when using mass deacidification equipment, archives should not be loaded tightly in order for them to be fully in contact with deacidifying chemical.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 추계학술발표논문집
• /
• pp.17-27
• /
• 2006

Paper could be situated in a cooled environment seasonally or regionally otherwise it is forced to be in a controlled circumstance. In this paper, printing problems on a cooled paper are investigated and characterized in terms of paper properties. For this purposes, various kinds of sample are cooled down under a specially designed freezing device and printed for observing their printability. Causes for poor ink transfer on a cooled paper are suggested due to condensation, surface inactivity, and rheological change in ink film. Paperboards with higher amount of binder, thick and/or multi coat layers are more vulnerable to poor ink trap. Severe drying could cause the same effect as that of higher binder formulation. It is shown that more absorptive porous structure is desirable for better ink receptivity in a cooled status. Printing on a dampened surface may be an indicator for ink transferability on a cooled paper. Finally, desirable directions for papermaker and printshop are suggested.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.805-819
• /
• 2022

The taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationship of Opuntia monacantha Haw. f. jejuensis J. K. Kim ex Y. S. Yang (Jejubaiknyuncho), which is native to southern coast of Jeju Island, Korea was analyzed using DNA markers obtained from Korean Opuntia. Opuntia stricta Haw., O. humifusa Raf., and O. humifusa Raf. f. jeollaensis E. J. Kim and S. S. Whang, native or cultivated in Korea, have no stripes on the back of tepals and have a purple pulp, whereas O. monacantha f. jejuensis has purple stripes on the back of tepals and a greenish-yellow pulp color. Opuntia monacantha has purple stripes on both the front and back of its tepals, whereas stripes appear only on the back of tepals of O. monacantha f. jejuensis. Opuntia monacantha f. jejuensis was assigned to Elatae series in phylogenetic analysis and was found to be more closely related to O. monacantha subsp. arechavaletae (Speg.) Guiggi, compared with O. monacantha at a molecular level. Based on its phylogenetic and morphological differences from O. monacantha and O. monacantha subsp. arechavaletae, which are native or have been cultivated in Jeju areas, O. monacantha f. jejuensis was named as a new forma in this study.