• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.517-527
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This research is to find a solution for educational work on high blood pressure control in public health centers by analyzing their current status. Method: It analyzed data from 133 public health centers that had been doing educational work on high blood pressure, through a questionnaire. Also, it developed recommendations by converging opinions from an expert group made of 25 people with nominal group technique. Result: The educational methods of public health centers did not make any approach to get to the goal of the work. The mass media education and campaign activities for the general public had just temporary and passive propensities. In education for patients, it did not use appropriate methods to present management techniques for diagnosis process of patients, medication management, self monitoring BP, and risk factors. Pocket book for monitoring high blood pressure was not focused on self-recording for self-management. The expert group recommended that educational materials for adults should be developed focusing on treatments and observance of risk factors through daily living, and those for children should be focused on basic understanding about diseases, and life style. Conclusion: Presenting direction and strategy of fundamental education work is needed for public health centers by giving them standard educational guidelines of managing high blood pressure nationally, and it is desirable that fundamental frameworks of educational materials should be developed and distributed by professional groups nationally.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.8
• /
• pp.541-552
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this research is to investigate the mediating role of performance information use in the relationship between result-oriented culture and organizational performance. The data were collected from chief accountants and managers working in public-sector organizations in Vietnam. The analysis was based on the 197 completed questionnaires by using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). For the test research model and hypotheses, the supporting tool is SmartPLS 3 software. Research findings show that result-oriented culture is positively associated with organizational performance, and that performance information use is a mediating mechanism that explains how a result-oriented culture leads to higher performance in public organizations. The findings of this study suggest that the results-oriented culture, not only directly improves organizational performance, but also indirectly does so by the use of performance information. This study provides evidence for theoretical understanding of the impact of result-oriented culture on the performance of public-sector organizations through performance information use, and suggests practical implications for public organizations in applying result-oriented culture to foster using performance measurement and improve organizational performance. In order to achieve good performance, public-sector organizations need to create and spread result-oriented culture and enhance the use of performance information for decision-making.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.273-289
• /
• 2005

This research was implemented to know how mathematics education is performed both in a school and in the private institute based on Skemp' Theory that strongly takes an emphasis on understanding of mathematics principle. On this study, I compare the method of a teacher in a school with in a private institute accompanying the analysis of textbook in teaching. The results are the followings: First, textbooks used in a school and an institute are not helpful for relational understanding of students, and the textbook used in school was more suitable for students than that in institute. Second, in the case of teaching methods, school teacher has focused more relational schema with the students than an private institute institutor, As we said, in school mathematics education is implemented focusing on the understanding of mathematics. According to this, students should to trust public education more than private institute in constructing schema in mathematics learning.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.467-496
• /
• 2012

Public participation in the decision making for scarce health resources is important because health policy requires trust based consensus, which can be achieved by public's understanding and involvement of related policies. In the past, opportunities for interaction between health policy decision makers and lay public were rare in Korea. As political impulses towards public participation in health policy have increased, a few of deliberation methods were attempted. However, there is little research, reporting such cases with a critical examination of relevant theories and previous studies. We first critically review the literature on public participation within theories of democracy, governance, and empowerment. Next, we report a case of a citizen council experiment, which was held to examine public's preferences among different benefit options regarding new drugs and medical technologies. Specifically, in an one-day long citizen council with a total of 28 lay public, twelve questions of whether a drug or a technology should be included in the benefit package of health insurance were asked. Pre- and post-surveys investigated participants' perception of public engagement in health policy. Although it was experimental, the citizen council ensured that lay public could be careful enough to rationally compare the costs and benefits of different options and collectively make decisions. Further, results from pre- and post-survey showed a strong willingness of members to be involved in health care decision making. In the conclusion, we emphasize that better theories and methods need to be developed for more cases of citizen participation in health care policy and management.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.151-175
• /
• 2007

What are the differences between science communication and science culture? This paper discusses the relationship between 'science communication' and 'science culture', with a consideration of recent activities and endeavours aiming public's understanding of science. For this, it starts with the outcomes and significance of the 9th International Conference on Public Communication of Science and Technology(PCST-9), with a theme of "Scientific Culture for Global Citizenship", held in Seoul May, 2006. Then, it discusses 'Public Understanding of Science(PUS)' to which the PCST network movement is linked, in comparison with 'Popularization of Science(PS)' and 'Science and Society(S&S)'. While PS was one directional movement conveying scientific knowledge to the public, PUS appeared from 1980s was an intentional effort for activating science communication through mass media. Whereas, a recent S&S movement emphasizes dialogue between science and society. And it then introduces theoretical as well as functional definitions of 'science culture' particulary in Korean and explains how the concept of science communication has considerably expanded since 2002. From this, it is finally argued that science communication needs be redefined as a practice of science culture.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.220-227
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate how much understand about artificial hydration in patients with terminal cancer, according to the subject groups, including patients, families, and general public. Methods: Data were collected from June 2007 to December 2007 and the participants included 22 hospitalized patients in the hospice unit of S Hospital, 100 families, and 101 participants who participated in a hospice education program for the general public. The questionnaire was developed through literature review, interview with patients' families, and expertise consultation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with an SAS program. Results: Understanding of artificial hydration among patients, families and general public was examined from three perspectives. From an ethical perspective, 'if you receive artificial hydration, you can live longer', 45.5%, 63%, and 52.4% of the above three groups, respectively, answered "yes". From an emotional perspective, 'artificial hydration must be provided', 81.8%, 70% and 58.4%, respectively, agreed. From a cultural perspective, 'if artificial hydration is not provided for the patient, the families will feel painful', 95.5%, 83%, and 88.2%, respectively, answered "yes". Conclusion: This study found the differences in understanding of artificial hydration among patients, families and general public, and also found that less than 50 percent of the participants understood artificial hydration appropriately. We suggest, therefore, that patients' understanding about artificial hydration should be determined in the clinical setting and then followed by individualized education according to given medical situations.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.91-116
• /
• 2007

Under the strong support of the government, nanotechnology(NT) has been expanded rapidly in Korea. Korea was one of the countries that followed the National Nanotechnology Initiative(NNI) of the US very soon and set up their own policies for NT. This paper argues that the main rationale of the Korean version of NNI was so called 'catch-up strategy' by entering at the early stage of new technology. It stimulated scientists and engineers from various disciplines to do researches and to establish new education programs in NT. Unlike IT and BT, however, such fast and big investment in NT was approved by the public in the sense that there has been few criticism on the governmental NT policies and potential harness of NT. With the relative uninterestedness of the civil society and competititveness seeking policy in NT, ELSI in NT was not included in the Korean version of NNI and the results of technology assessments on NT were not introduced to the public at all.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.381-389
• /
• 2016

I conducted this study, trying to improve the methods of Sung-Nam city local tax bills, which was based on my previous study where I suggested methods into developing redesign of tax bills. Local tax bills are labeled to be very intricate and puzzling experience to tax payers. To resolve this issue, several local governments have redesigned their tax bills for citizens; however, it was not effective. Therefore I apply the methods to protect their privacy on tax bills and provide checks on their pay bills. Also I design to distinguish between different taxes and change into a better layout for their legibility and better understanding on tax bills. From my previous study, I utilized suggestions into Sung-Nam local tax bills which changed flaws into improvements and easier understanding of the tax payers. I believe the improvements in Sung Nam local tax bills will pursue the public interest of the community through public service design innovations.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2022

An index that evaluates the health level of a population group considering both death and loss of function due to disease is called a summary measure of population health (SMPH). SMPHs are broadly divided into life year indices and life expectancy indices, the latter of which comprise healthy life expectancy (HLE). HLE is included as a policy target in various national and regional level healthcare plans, and the term "HLE" is commonly used in academia and by the public. However, the overall level of understanding of HLE-such as the precise definition of HLE and methods of calculating HLE-still seems to be low. As discussed in this study, the types of HLE are classified into disability-free life expectancy, disease-free life expectancy, quality-adjusted life expectancy, self-rated HLE, and disability-adjusted life expectancy. Their characteristics are examined to facilitate a correct understanding and appropriate utilization of HLE. In addition, the Sullivan method, as a representative method for calculating HLE, is presented in detail, and major issues in the process of calculating HLE, such as selection of the population group and age group, estimation of death probability, calculation of life years, and incorporation of health weights, are reviewed. This study will help researchers to select an appropriate HLE type and evaluate the validity of HLE research results, and it is expected to contribute to the vitalization of HLE research.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.169-191
• /
• 2005

By analyzing a national survey of public understanding of science and technology, this paper attempts to examine public perceptions of scientists and engineers in Korea. A special attention is given to the gap in the view of scientists and engineers across generation, gender, and class fields (or major fields). This paper shows that generation has the strongest effect on public perceptions of scientists and engineers among all the socio-demographic factors examined in this study. Those over 50 are more likely to have the conventional idealized images of scientists and the stereotypical negative images of scientists simultaneously, while the 20s are less likely to accept the idealized image of scientists. The survey result thus may suggest that the younger generation began to depart from a patriotic and moral description of scientists and engineers-for the younger generation, science and engineering is losing moral respect but becomes perceived as an ordinary occupation. Contrary to the popular belief, however, gender has little effect on public perceptions of scientists and engineers. This finding questions the assertion that female students possess more negative attitudes toward scientists and engineers than male students, and thus are reluctant to develop careers related to science and engineering. By uncovering that class fields (or major areas) have no effect on the image of scientists, this study also call into question the assertion in the science wars that the inadequate appreciation of science particularly among those who do not major in science and engineering is responsible for inadequate support for science and technology.