• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.97-108
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• 2018

"Death is the side of life which is turned away from us." The life of people in Seoul, however, is disconnected from death. Why? This article compares the historical changes in the cemetery disposition of Paris and Seoul to answer this question. The cemetery is always a meeting place between the living and the dead. In pre-modern cities, the cemetery was close to the people's daily life. However, the fundamental change of urban structure due to modernization has a great influence on the cemetery. With the advent of the train, the world has shrunk and the city has expanded unprecedentedly. In such a situation, the cemetery is expelled to the outside of the city. However, while Paris and Seoul share the same overall flow, they responded differently to the plans for the establishment of large-scale remote cemeteries. In Paris, the plan was canceled by citizens who value their relationship with the dead. On the other hand, Seoul was unable to manage the cemetery due to social confusion in 20th century. All cemeteries were expelled as industrialization began. As a result, there is no public cemetery or ossuary at present in Seoul. In Seoul, about 20 years ago however, a new kind of place for the dead began to appear. It is an ossuary attached to religious facilities. In other words, the current cemetery of Seoul is divided into two forms : the public cemetery, which is expelled from the city, and the private ossuary, which is attached to religious facilities built in the city.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.161-170
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• 2017

Research should explore techniques that will allow disposal of the dead to help the living by providing public space, protecting the environment, and contributing to economic development. Its design might bring a cemetery back into community life and make a present of a park. This new design for a cemetery can provide a structural solution for limited burial sites on the metropolitan area of Korea. It is based on the shared sense of a cemetery, a joint ownership or co-ownership of the space of a cemetery. FBS model by Gero[1] is used for engineering a cemetery design development. This framework contains a dynamic character of the context where such design takes place among its function, behavior and structure. This study suggests a new cemetery concept rather than a simple civil engineering work for a cemetery. It aims for people to have a new perspective on a cemetery and contribute to the society through an eco-friendly business model, so FBS may be an adequate model for such design. It can be one of the innovative business models and designs for engineering cemeteries, implementing sustainable environment and changing the design from a cemetery to a natural park.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.134-143
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• 2022

TThe National Cemetery is a space for realizing patriotism at the national level to honor the will of those who gave their lives for the country and to permanently venerate their loyalty and merit. The purpose of the establishment of the national cemetery is to imitate the spirit of patriotism that was sacrificed for the country and people. The state distinguishes between private death and public death as a sacrifice for the state. Furthermore, we carefully manage deaths that are classified as public. National cemeteries are the institutional space for managing such public deaths. With respect for devotion and discipline, the standards for burial and commemoration should not be based on status or class. In a national cemetery, shifting the degree of courtesy and priorities to devotion and discipline will become a true patriotism system in a democratic society. First of all, it is time to honor those who have died and those who have dedicated themselves to the restoration of national sovereignty as the highest and highest priority. This is the key to resolving the conflict that our national cemetery is experiencing and gaining public sympathy. This study is based on the premise that the national cemetery is insufficient as an open memorial space and historical space loved by the people. In addition, the implications and applicability of national cemeteries are reviewed through domestic and foreign excellent cases and high-quality and eco-friendly national cemetery construction cases in advanced countries.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2018

Ami-dong, known as Tombstone Village, was generated by refugees after Korean war on the site of Japanese public cemetery which had been originally constructed during Japanese occupation. Since then, the village has been expanded as low-income class neighborhood during Modernization and Industrialization Period from 1960s to 1980s. This study try to find the impact of the Japanese cemetery on the spatial structure of the village by analyzing and comparing the street structure and spatial layout of the Japanese cemetery and current Tombstone Village. The final objective of this study is to confirm the continuity of built environment, historical value and place identity of of the village.

• Korean Architects
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• s.607
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• pp.84-93
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• 2019

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-33
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• 2000

The construction of a public cemetery in Kangnung city includes terraced graveyard with cutting or banking in mountain which has severe altitude differences with a slope of $30^{\circ}$. Therefore, there are scattered cutting and banking sections with vertical height more than 15m. Especially, if the slope failure or the loss of a graveyard happens after graveyard establishment due to surface flow and inflow around. it is difficult to repair, causing serious public censure. Accordingly, revegetation works were examined that need protection of slope. The specific content of the study was the selection of slopes requiring special care through blueprint and field investigation. the measurement of the physical property of slope and the situation of vegetative growth, the investigation of vegetation in slopes and the selection of vegetation. and the analysis of soil condition of slopes and the physical condition of slope sediment. On the basis of investigations some alternatives were proposed.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Areas around of National Park have been severed eco-corridor of wildlife due to urban expansion and development. Habitats have been fragmented into small pieces. Habitat fragmentation reduces the biodiversity of organisms because the exchange loss and inbreeding of wild fauna and flora. The main cause of the fragmentation of ecological networks in areas around of Moodeungsan National Park are are that the cemetery, cutting of mountain, roads, public parking lots, mountain encroachment by land, urban infrastructure, electric transmission towers, urban area. Area around of National Park must be equipped with ecological networks through an ecological design that can communicate with each other in the national park and urban areas.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.14
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• pp.7-32
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• 2012

The exhibition was started in 2010 in the New Acropolis Museum of Athens and embarked a journey since 2011 as a travelling exhibition inside Greece and abroad. The main purpose of the exhibition was to draw attention of the general public to the value of the 'rescue excavation' and of cultural heritage of Greece, by presenting the reconstruction bust of a girl whose skull was found in Kerameikos cemetery of ancient Athens. The new Kerameikos excavation was initiated by the construction of Metropolitan Railway lines in the center of Athens between 1992 to 1998. It revealed a pit of a mass burial where about 150 people were inhumed in a very hasty way without proper funeral rites or offerings. These bodies are identified as the victims of the infamous plague of Athens in the first years of the Peloponnesian War(430-426 BC). The epidemic disease killed almost one third of the city population including Pericles, and brought extreme fear and panic to the Athens society. The traditional funerary rites were totally disrupted, and the social decorum and the morality among the citizens became enfeebled. The plague and the civil war were the decisive factors to end the Golden Age of Democratic Athens. However, the exhibition organizers did not focus on the tragic aspect of this disaster and its casualties. Their main concern was to simplify the scholarly works of archaeological excavation and microchemistry analysis so that the exhibition viewers will easily understand and empathize the living value of the scholarly works of ancient Greek civilization. The centripetal element of the exhibition was the vivid face of an 11 years old ancient girl 'Myrtis', which was carefully reconstructed based on both the scientific data and artistic imagination. Also the set up of the exhibition was structured in order to stimuli cognitive and emotional experience of the visitors who witnessed the rebirth of a vibrant human being from an ancient debris. The museologists' continuous efforts to promote projects of contemporary artists, publications, and school programs related to the exhibition indicate that the ulterior motive of this exhibition is the cultural education of the present and future generation through the intimate experiences of ancient Greek life. Also this is the reason why the various museums that held the travelling exhibition try to make the presentation as a gesture of memorial service for an anonymous Athenian girl who deceased circa 2400 years ago. The pragmatic efforts of Greek scholars and museologists through exhibition show us a way to find a solution to the continuous threat of cultural resources by massive construction projects and land development, and to overcome public indifference to the history and cultural heritage.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2018

As the cremation usage in ehaneul funeral information system through online reservation service is showed to increase 50.7% that with use the case of from the 37,784corpse in 2011 to 56,945 corpse in 2017. With these increasing, Seoul Metropolitan City should implement the following policies in order to improve the operation of public cremation facilities. First, additional cremators should be built through smooth negotiations with local residents who live around the planned locations. Second, Seoul Metropolitan City should implement cooperative projects of building joint public cremation facilities with local governments of Gyeonggi-do that are adjacent to Seoul Metropolitan City. Third, decentralize demand of cremation through the establishment of cremation facilities exclusively for open tomb in Seoul Municipal Cemetery. Lastly, should take measures to control cremation demand by expanding differentiated operation of public cremation facilities' use hours for people who live in other regions except residents of Seoul Metropolitan City and by increasing cremation charges.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.83-93
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• 2012

Recent environmental concerns have made interest in environment-friendly transportation means such as walking, biking, and public transportation. However, since it is difficult to move long distance by walking or biking, their scope of application is rather limited. On the other hand, public transportation can solve traffic congestion, a recent social issue, though its usability may depend on its time schedule. Currently available information services on public transportation in the Web do not reflect well such traits of the public transportation; thus, in some cases, they may provide wrong information to end users. To solve such problems and provide information based on timetable of public transportations, this paper proposes a STP(Space Time Point) data model. Unlike existing space-time data models, this model recognizes the bottommost element of an object as a point and structures these points in hierarchical way to define an object. In particular, It can make it possible to implement a variety of dynamic spatial objects changing object information according to time. An objective of this study is to design a STP model for bus and subway based on timetables of public transportation in Daejeon area and builds a system to provide path navigation. With the designed navigation function, a path from the Daejeon National Cemetery to Hannam University was searched by time slot. The result showed that the system provided different paths by time, as the system guided different paths when bus operation was limited in midnight. As existing data model could not provide such results, it is confirmed that the system can provide path navigation based on real-time traffic information. It is expected that based on such functionality, it is possible to provide additional functionalities by applying diverse data models such as real-time transport information or traffic history information.