• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2005

In evaluation of public works, its components related with benefit and cost in feasibility analysis can be classified to quantative and qualitative elements, To evaluate qualitative components which can not be calculated by numerical value, several methods are used to assess relative importance. AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is representative method which can evaluate importance, but it has difficulties in organization of expert group, execution of question, and subjective decision of questioner. Information measure technique can be used to evaluate these qualitative importance of environmental and social components in public works planning. In result of comparing importances of AHP and information measure technique, it has statistical significance in of road project.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to found that the important design reform points for improvement of the public open space quality. For this purpose, surveyed the users of the public open space and the experts working for the public open space planning for the design elements of the public open spaces in terms of importance and satisfaction. The scope of the study was limited to Mapo-gu, Seoul and the buildings constructed since 1992 were sampled. the data collected were subject to Importance-Performance Analysis. As a result, 'waste boxes, vending machines and other amenities', 'characteristic floor and pedestrian environment', 'designs and their layout in harmony with the surrounding and landscape facilities', 'facilities checking and patrol for safety' and 'entire area of the public open space'. Based on the above findings, the following reform measures are put forwards for improvement of the public open space quality; First, the public open spaces should be equipped with sufficient amenities. Second, it is necessary to check the facilities regularly, while enhancing the safety through patrols. Third, it is essential to reflect user's needs in public open space planning, while applying the important design elements to the public facilities. Fourth, in order to create a comfortable pedestrian environment within the public open space, it is deemed necessary to divide the space into the passages for passers-by and the recesses for uses. Fifth, it is necessary to amend the Building Code to the effects that the radio of the landscaped area to the entire area can be readjusted together with the night lighting facilities. Sixth, it is desirable to give the weights to the important design elements for the public open spaces, so that the quality public open spaces can benefit from the incentives. In addition, regular maintenance and management should be ensured by policies.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.169-194
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 도서관의 성과를 도서관 서비스가 국민 개인의 삶에 미치는 영향을 통해 종합적으로 파악하려는 Vakkari와 Serola(2012)의 성과측정지표에 근거하여 한국 공공도서관의 서비스 성과를 평가하는 것이다. 우리나라 성인들의 인구사회학적 분포에 기반하여 전국의 성인 1,000명을 대상으로 웹설문조사를 실시하여 지난 1년간 공공도서관을 이용해 본 경험이 있다고 응답한 629명의 응답을 분석하였다. 조사 결과, 일상생활 19개 영역 가운데 응답자의 약 2/3 정도가 "소설 및 비소설류 독서", "교육 및 학습 기회제공", "여가 중 자기 계발" 등 세 영역에서 공공도서관의 혜택을 가장 크게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 나머지 16개 영역에서의 혜택은 상대적으로 낮게 인식되고 있었다. Vakkari와 Serola성과척도의 요인구조를 우리나라 연구 참여자에게 적용한 결과, 원래의 구조와는 다른 구조가 발견되었다. 기존의 "일상생활"과 "여가활동" 영역은 유지한 가운데, "일/업무"와 "학습"이 하나의 요인으로 결합되었고, "여가활동"에서 분리되어 나온 "독서/자기계발" 영역이 새로운 요인을 형성하고 있었다. 마지막으로 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 공공도서관 서비스 혜택에 대한 인식차를 조사한 결과, 남성은 일/학습, 여성은 독서/자기계발 영역에서 혜택을 더 크게 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타나 성별 차이가 밝혀졌다. 본 연구 결과는 인구사회학적 분포에 비례하여 표집한 전국 성인을 대상으로 그들이 인식하는 도서관 서비스의 혜택을 조사함으로써 2014년 현재 우리나라 공공도서관 서비스의 전체적인 성과 수준을 파악하려 했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.202-210
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• 2018

This study was carried out to quantify degree of contribution of harvested wood product (HWP) on mitigation of climate change by valuation of public benefits, environmentally and economically. The potential carbon dioxide emission reduction of HWP was estimated by accounting carbon storage effect and substitution effect. Based on 2014 statistics of Korea Forest Service, domestic HWPs were sorted by two categories, such as wood products produced domestically from domestic and imported roundwood. The wood products were divided into seven items; sawnwood, plywood, particle board, fiberboard (MDF), paper (including pulp), biomass (wood pellet) and other products. The carbon stock of wood products and substitution effects during manufacturing process was evaluated by items. Based on the relevant carbon emission factor and life cycle analysis, the amount of carbon dioxide emission per unit volume on HWP was quantified. The amounts of carbon stock of HWP produced from domestic and from imported roundwood were 3.8 million $tCO_{2eq}$., and 2.6 million $tCO_{2eq}$., respectively. Also, each reduction of carbon emission by substitution effect of HWP produced from domestic and imported roundwood was 3.1 million $tCO_{2eq}$. and 2.1 million $tCO_{2eq}$., respectively. The results of this study, the amount of carbon emission reduction of HWP, can be effectively used as a basic data for promotion of wood utilization to revise and establish new wood utilization promotion policy such as 'forest carbon offset scheme', and 'carbon storage labeling system of HWP'.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제30권sup호
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• pp.6.1-6.4
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• 2015

Objectives This study is conducted to estimate the cost paid by the public suffering from disease possibly caused by chemical and to examine the effect on public health. Methods Cost-benefit analysis is an important factor in analysis and decision-making and is an important policy decision tool in many countries. Cost-of-illness (COI), a kind of scale-based analysis method, estimates the potential value lost as a result of illness as a monetary unit and calculates the cost in terms of direct, indirect and psychological costs. This study estimates direct medical costs, transportation fees for hospitalization and outpatient treatment, and nursing fees through a number of patients suffering from disease caused by chemicals in order to analyze COI, taking into account the cost of productivity loss as an indirect cost. Results The total yearly cost of the diseases studied in 2012 is calculated as 77 million Korean won (KRW) per person. The direct and indirect costs being 52 million KRW and 23 million KRW, respectively. Within the total cost of illness, mental and behavioral disability costs amounted to 16 million KRW, relevant blood immunological parameters costs were 7.4 million KRW, and disease of the nervous system costs were 6.7 million KRW. Conclusions This study reports on a survey conducted by experts regarding diseases possibly caused by chemicals and estimates the cost for the general public. The results can be used to formulate a basic report for a social-economic evaluation of the permitted use of chemicals and limits of usage.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.90-109
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• 2008

Government has extended the benefit coverage and reduced out-of-pocket (OOP) payment for cancer patients in 2005. This paper intends to examine the impact of the above policy on the equity in health care utilization. This paper analyzed the national health insurance data and compared the health care utilization of cancer patients before and after the policy change for people with 10 different income levels. For the equity in health care utilization, we examined the change in concentration index (CI) for visit days, inpatient days, and health expenditure. In the case of outpatient care, CI of visit days and health expenditure were positive(favoring the rich) in both regional and employee health insurance members and both 'before' and 'after' the policy change. CI values rarely changed after the policy change, and the policy change seems to have little impact on the equity of outpatient care utilization except expenditure of regional subscriber. In the case of inpatient care, CI of inpatient days was negative and CI of health expenditure was positive in both regional and work subscriber and both 'before' and 'after' the policy change. After the policy change, CI of inpatient expenditure in both groups of members decreased. CI of inpatient days changed in the direction favoring the poor in regional insurance members, but it rarely changed in employee insurance members. These results suggest that the policy of reducing OOP payment has a positive impact and reduced the inequity particularly in the utilization of inpatient care of cancer patients.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.228-241
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• 2014

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of health insurance coverage expansion for cancer patients on equity in health care utilization and catastrophic expenditure. Methods: To analyze the causal relationship between the policy to expand benefit coverage and the change in health care utilization and out-of-pocket payments of cancer patients, this study employed a difference-in-differences (DID) method. In the DID model, the change in health care utilization, such as health care expenditure, visit days and length of stay, of cancer patients was compared with that of liver disease patients, using Korea Health Panel Data in 2009 and 2010. Results: The policy of reducing cost sharing from 10% to 5% for cancer patients did not have significant effects on equity in health care utilization. The results of this study were different from those of the previous study that showed that the reduction of cost sharing from 20% to 10% significantly improved the equity in health care utilization of cancer patients. In addition, the result of catastrophic expenditures analysis showed the policy did not change the probability of catastrophic expenditures. Conclusion: The results of this study imply that payment for non-covered services account for high out-of-pocket payments, and the reduction in cost sharing for covered services alone may have a limited effect on total financial burden on patients.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2019

As a central part in smart construction, BIM has been rapidly spread in construction industry at large. However, the level of applying BIM in construction stage is still relatively lower than that in design stage due to unclear application method, inadequate design BIM model, technical faults of BIM itself, etc. Under these circumstances, public owners inevitably need to adjust the scope and pace in BIM application considering their internal support and capabilities of contractors. This study aims to suggest major BIM-applicable tasks during construction stage in the process of establishing gradual long-term and short-term introduction strategy for public apartment housing projects. Those major tasks were identified with the combination of the importance of tasks and the future benefits of BIM using IPA method. To do so, the degrees of contribution to achieving objectives in construction, current task execution, and communication requirement were investigated by internal site managers. On the other hand, the expected benefits and current level of using BIM were assessed by BIM experts. Among operational tasks by phases, design review, construction plan review, making as-built drawing, etc. were categorized as major tasks. In addition, progress control, regular meeting, master schedule development, work inspection, on-site quality check, etc. were also drawn as major tasks by management areas. The results of this study will provide the useful reference for owners concerned about the introduction of new technologies.

• 페미니즘연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-47
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• 2011

돌봄노동의 사회화는 다섯 가지 유형으로 구분할 수 있다. 어떤 방식의 사회화는 돌봄서비스의 생산을 주로 민간시장에 의존하게 만듦으로서, 돌봄노동의 상품화(또는 시장화)를 촉진할 가능성이 매우 높다. 또 다른 특정한 방식의 사회화는 돌봄의 역할을 결국 다시 가족, 그 중에서도 여성에게 부여하여 돌봄노동의 재가족화를 낳는다. 한 사회가 가지고 있는 돌봄노동의 성격은 여성의 임금노동 접근권과 일자리의 질에 영향을 미친다. 돌봄노동의 재가족화는 돌봄에 대한 국가개입이 주로 현금지급 중심으로 이루어지는지, 현물급여(서비스)의 제공에 초점이 두어지는지에 따라 결정된다. 돌봄 관련 수당제도는 여성의 노동공급에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었고, 특히나 이러한 영향은 소득계층별로 달리 나타날 수 있음에 주목하였다. 즉, 돌봄 관련 수당제도는 저소득층 여성의 노동공급을 줄일 가능성이 더 클 것으로 예측할 수 있다. 돌봄노동의 상품화는 돌봄서비스 일자리의 질을 악화시킨다. 돌봄서비스 제공에 있어서는 전달체계의 기본적인 틀이 공공화 되어 있는 국가들은 시장화되어 있는 국가들에 비하여 돌봄서비스 일자리의 임금수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 전반적인 여성노동자의 근로조건 향상에도 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상된다.

• 기술사
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2001

Korea APEC ENGINEER Monitoring Committee had announced the Code of Ethics for APEC ENGINEER in Oct. 1999. Korea APEC ENGINEER REGISTER had included the ethical model of APEC ENGINEER as required essential subject to be lectured for continuing professional development. The code of ethic is necessary for the benefit of the engineers themselves. The code of ethic is necessary for the benefit of the engineers themselves. The comparison between Korean code of ethics and Australian code of ethics shows that Australian gives more points to the Engineer's role to protect the safety of the public. Korea has too many laws regulating the engineers'practice, which can be handled by the cede of ethics. From now on, we, engineers should pay more attentions to the code of engineer's ethics and establish new and best model of ethics by enough discussion.