• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 1996

This study was designed to investigate causal relationships among related variables that determined psychological distress of aged mothers. In this study questionaires were used to measure and subjects were 244 mothers aged over 60 and lived in K city. 221 answers were analyzed by SAS and covarince structure analysis. The results were as follows: it was found that pocketmoney and health had direct effects on objective solidarity education level pocketmoney and activity on subjective solidarity marital status and health on psychological distress between exogenous variables and endogenous variables. Among endogenous variables objective solidarity had direct effects on subjective solidarity and self-esteem subjective solidarity on self-esteem and self-esteem on psychological distress respectively. Subjective solidarity was found to be most effectable variable on psychological distress.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.49
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• pp.319-342
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• 2002

The nuclear family is no longer the typical Korean Family. In recent years, stepfamilies have been of the most rapidly growing family forms in Korea. Census Bureau data show that 5.9% of marriage were in 1980, 8.0% in 1990, 10.3% in 1995, 18.0% in 2000. Especially it is remarkable that women's remarriage have been increased. In spite of the fact, the stepfamily is not an urgent issue of social welfare in Korea. The stepfamily is more vulnerable than the first-marriage family in many reasons such as vague family rules, boundary ambiguity, and stepparent role ambiguity, which provides rationale for social welfare services. This study categorizes determinants of psychological distress in remarried mothers into individual, family, and environment level and tries to prove the relationships between psychological distress and determinants. Also, it explores the degree of psychological distress in remarried mothers using Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale. The respondents of survey research are 62 cases. The result shows relatively severe level of depression among the subjects. 46.8% of them are clinically diagnosed as mild, moderate, severe depression. Our findings suggest that the variables of marriage satisfaction, ex-wife's remarriage, role strains, marriage experience, and income are significantly associated with the level of psychological distress in remarried mothers. The most powerful predictor of psychological distress is the variable of marriage satisfaction. According to the result, it is desperately needed to pay attention to social welfare services or programs for stepfamilies.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.351-359
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• 2020

It is well known that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is related to psychological distress. However, only a few studies have investigated the relationship between IBS and various dimensions of psychological distress. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of IBS and its relationship with anxiety, depression, and stress in young female college students. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-report structured questionnaire with 673 female college students. IBS was diagnosed based on the Rome III criteria. For the evaluation of psychological distress on the IBS, we investigated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Global Assessment of Recent Stress (GARS). The prevalence of IBS was 27.9%. In the univariate analysis, the anxiety, depression, and stress scores were significantly associated with IBS (P<0.001, P=0.001, and P<0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that anxiety (OR=1.07, 95% CI=1.01~1.15, P=0.032) and stress scores (OR=1.23, 95% CI=1.19~1.27, P<0.001) were independently correlated with the IBS. Among the subtypes of IBS, IBS with predominant constipation was the most common, and the anxiety, depression, and stress scores did not significantly differ between the subtypes. Our results suggest that anxiety and stress are closely related to IBS. Managing psychological distress should be considered in the treatment of IBS in young female college students.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.59-76
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• 1999

This study was to investigate casual relation of psychological well-being and quality of life of married couples. For the data set 434 married couples living in Pusan, Korea were chosen. The data were analyzed using M, SD, t-test, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression, and path analysis. The findings of this study are as follows; First, marital satisfaction and the level of quality of life are higher for husbands than wives. Whereas psychological distress is higher for wives than husbands. Second, for husbands, husband's level of education, job satisfaction, husband's housework participation, and job stress have significant effect on marital satisfaction. For wives, wife's level of education, husband's housework participation, and husband's job stress have significant effect on marital satisfaction. Third, for husbands, job satisfaction and job stress have significant effect on psychological distress. For wives, husband's job stress have significant effect on psychological distress. Fourth, for husbands, job stress, marital satisfaction and psychological distress have significant direct effect on quality of life. Besides, husband's age, husband's level of education, job satisfaction, job stress, husband's housework participation, and marital satisfaction are indirectly associated with quality of life. For wives, marital satisfaction and psychological distress have significant direct effect on quality of life. Besides, wife's level of education, husband's job stress, husband's housework participation, and marital satisfaction are indirectly associated with quality of life.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.193-203
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to test the effect of smart-phone addiction on school adjustment. In detail, this study focus on mediating effect of psychological distress. For this purpose, Data Collected on 375 students at 4 high schools in the capital area were used in the analysis. Correlation analysis was conducted to find out the relationship between smart-phone addiction, school adjustment, psychological distress. To find out if smart-phone addiction and school adjustment are mediated by the relationship between psychological distress, the model was tested using a structural equation. The results of the study were as follows: The smart-phone addiction is found to have an adverse effect on high school students' school adaptation and a positive effect on psychological distress. And the results of the verification of the structural model showed a significant mediating effect of psychological distress in the relationship between smart-phone addiction and school adjustment. Based on the results of this study, significance and implications were presented.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.133-138
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• 2010

This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between job-related stressor, problem solving style and psychological distress and the effects of job-related stress and problem solving style on psychological distress of firefighters. The Job-related Stress Scale, Problem Solving Style Questionnaire, and the Symptom Checklist-Revised (SCL-90-R) were administered to 148 firefighters working in Seoul and Gyounggi. Correlation analysis revealed that job-related stress, problem-solving styles such as helplessness and problem-solving control correlated positively with psychological distress and that problem-solving confidence and approaching style correlated negatively with it. Multiple regression analysis showed that job-related negative cognition and emotion, helplessness and approaching style accounted for 43% of the variance in the psychological distress. Among problem-solving styles, helplessness had the highest predictive power for psychological distress. Self-reported helplessness is an important determinant of firefighters' reactions to problematic situations encountered in their job.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.287-296
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• 2018

Purpose: To determine impacts of psychological distress, gender role attitude, and housekeeping sharing on quality of life of gynecologic cancer survivors. Methods: Subjects completed questionnaires consisting of four measurements: FACT-G (ver. 4) for quality of life, anxiety and depression from SCL-90-R for psychological distress, gender role attitude, and housekeeping sharing. A total of 158 completed data sets were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 21.0 program. Results: Quality of life was significantly and negatively correlated with psychological distress (r=-0.64, p<.001), but not with gender role attitude (r=-0.14, p=.820) or housekeeping sharing (r=0.08, p=.350). Psychological distress was significantly and positively correlated with gender role attitude (r=0.25, p<.010). Factors that significantly impacted quality of life were type of cancer (t=2.27, p=.025), number of treatment methods (t=2.58, p=.011), education level (t=3.33, p<.001), and psychological distress (t=-9.96, p<.001). Conclusion: Nursing interventions that can relieve psychological distress need to be developed for gynecologic cancer survivors. Nurses need to put priority on ovarian cancer survivors who have low education level with multiple treatment methods when performing nursing interventions to improve the quality of life of gynecologic cancer survivors.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2024

Background: Different job strain formulations based on the Job Demand-Control model have been developed. This study evaluated longitudinal associations between job strain and psychological distress and whether associations were influenced by six formulations of job strain, including quadrant (original and simplified), subtraction, quotient, logarithm quotient, and quartile based on quotient, in randomly selected Japanese workers. Methods: Data were from waves I and II of the Survey of Midlife in Japan (MIDJA), with a 4-year followup period. The study sample consisted of 412 participants working at baseline and had complete data on variables of interest. Associations between job strain at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up were assessed via multivariable linear regression, and results were expressed as β coefficients and 95% confidence intervals including R² and Akaike information criterion (AIC) evaluation. Results: Crude models revealed that job strain formulations explained 6.93-10.30% of variance. The AIC ranged from 1475.87 to 1489.12. After accounting for sociodemographic and behavioral factors and psychological distress at baseline, fully-adjusted models indicated significant associations between all job strain formulations at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up: original quadrant (β: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.12, 2.21), simplified quadrant (β: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.18, 1.85), subtraction (β: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.70), quotient (β: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.67), logarithm quotient (β: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.72), and quartile based on quotient (β: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.36, 2.08). Conclusion: Six job strain formulations showed robust predictive power regarding psychological distress over 4 years among Japanese workers.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.203-209
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• 2014

Background: Coal mining is of significant economic importance to the Australian economy. Despite this fact, the related workforce is subjected to a number of psychosocial risks and musculoskeletal injury, and various psychological disorders are common among this population group. Because only limited research has been conducted in this population group, we sought to examine the relationship between physical (pain) and psychological (distress) factors, as well as the effects of various demographic, lifestyle, and fatigue indicators on this relationship. Methods: Coal miners (N = 231) participated in a survey of musculoskeletal pain and distress on-site during their work shifts. Participants also provided demographic information (job type, age, experience in the industry, and body mass index) and responded to questions about exercise and sleep quality (on-and off-shift) as well as physical and mental tiredness after work. Results: A total of 177 workers (80.5%) reported experiencing pain in at least one region of their body. The majority of the sample population (61.9%) was classified as having low-level distress, 28.4% had scores indicating mild to moderate distress, and 9.6% had scores indicating high levels of distress. Both number of pain regions and job type (being an operator) significantly predicted distress. Higher distress score was also associated with greater absenteeism in workers who reported lower back pain. In addition, perceived sleep quality during work periods partially mediated the relationship between pain and distress. Conclusion: The study findings support the existence of widespread musculoskeletal pain among the coal-mining workforce, and this pain is associated with increased psychological distress. Operators (truck drivers) and workers reporting poor sleep quality during work periods are most likely to report increased distress, which highlights the importance of supporting the mining workforce for sustained productivity.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.339-356
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among role conflict coping strategy and psychological distress of dual-career wives. In order to achieve the study purpose the theoretical model of this study was built on the basis of relevant theories and previous studies, Especially it was influenced by the ABCX model of family stress proposed by Hill, Data were collected from 229 dual-career wives such as professors doctors lawyers teachers pharmacists and nurses. The results were as follows: 1. Role conflict was negatively correlated to self-esteem and positively correlated to psychological distress. 2) in terms of a main effect coping strategy was positively correlated to self-esteem and negatively correlated to psychological distress. 3) In terms of interaction effect coping strategy did not show any significant effect against the negative impacts of role conflict on self-esteem and it on the whole did not whole a significant effect against the positive impacts of role conflict of psychological distress.