• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2014

Dendrobium candidum is one of the well-known orchid on traditional and rare medicinal herb in China. We artificially cultured protocorm-like body and multiple shoots using the bioreactor culture system from Dendrobium candidum and experimented an efficacy as a cosmetic ingredient for skin care. Several studies previously have reported anti-tumor, wound healing and immunological function of Dendrobium candidum but other efficacies were not well known. In the present study, we investigated the cosmetic efficacy to know applicable value of protocorm-like body and multiple shoots cultured from Dendrobium candidum as a cosmetic ingredient. The biological activities of extracts from protocorm-like body, multiple shoots, aerial part and underground part of Dendrobium candidum were investigated. Results were found that extracts of protocorm-like body are superior to other extracts (underground part, aerial part and multiple shoots extracts) on anti-oxidant effect. Also, protocorm-like body extract contained the phenolic and flavonoid compounds more than aerial part, underground part and multiple shoots extracts. In addition, we investigated skin whitening effect related to whitening of skin. In tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis assay, multiple shoots extract is superior to other extracts (aerial part, underground part and protocorm-like body), on inhibitory effect of tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis respectively. These results indicate that the protocorm-like body and multiple shoots extracts cultured from Dendrobium candidum presents a new possibility of being applicable to skin improvement as a cosmetic ingredient.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.126-132
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• 2014

This experiment was conducted to establish the in vitro propagation of Dendrobium moniliforme through protocorm like body (PLB) induction from the culture of leaf, stem and root explants. Frequency of PLB formation from root explants was higher than those of leaf and stem explants. PLB's proliferation in MS medium including 1.0 mg/L NAA was better than 1.0 mg/L IBA. Frequency of PLB's proliferation on medium with various concentrations of BA, Kinetin, Tidiazuron (0. 1.0, 3.0 mg/L) and NAA (0, 1.0 mg/L) was tested. The maximun proliferation of PLB's was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BA and 1.0 mg/L NAA after 6 weeks of culture. Addition of 200 mg/L activated charcoal (AC) and 30 g/L sucrose was effective on PLB proliferation for D. moniliforme.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.241-244
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• 2003

Root cluster section culture, showing high efficient Protocorm-like body (PLB) formation capacity, were established in Doritaenopsis hybrids. Three types of root were obtained from excised shoots in 1/2MS medium containing different concentrations of NAA; \circled1normal roots, \circled2multiple roots and \circled3abnormal root clusters. Those were placed on 1/2MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L thidiazuron for PLB regeneration. PLB regeneration rate was greater in root cluster section cultures (77.8%) compare to normal root tip cultures(30%). Number of PLBs regenerated from root cluster sections were counted over 11 per explant (5.3 per normal root tip).High frequency of PLB regeneration was achieved in root cluster section culture. This result can be used as an efficient method for clonal proliferation of Doritaenopsis hybrids.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.179-183
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• 2014

Optimization of the protocorm-like body (PLB) formation of Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium hybrids was performed by determining the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and different parts and division sizes of the PLB. For both genera, the base part was the best for the proliferation of PLBs, yielding the highest number of PLBs on a PGR-free medium for Phalaenopsis and medium containing $0.1{\mu}M$ NAA and $10.0{\mu}M$ BAP for Dendrobium. As regards the division size, four-division sections resulted in a higher PLB formation efficiency for Phalaenopsis, while two-division sections produced a higher PLB formation efficiency for Dendrobium. It is expected that these findings will be applicable to efficient PLB formation of other Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium orchids.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.378-383
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• 2009

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation procedure for the phalaenopsis orchid, established by using Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs), was aimed at the introduction of target genes into individuals with divergent genetic backgrounds. PLBs obtained from the axillary bud of a peduncle were maintained on a hyponex medium supplemented with 1 g/l of activated charcoal, 30 g/l of sucrose and 0.1 mg/l thiamine. The multiplication rate of PLBs was about 90% in case of subculture PLBs to be cut transversely into 1/3 part from top position. The PLBs were inoculated with Agrobacterium strain EHA105 harboring both $\beta$-glucuronidase (GUS) and hygromycin-resistant genes for 20 minutes after dipping treatment. Transformation efficiency was the highest with a Agrobacterium culture medium and dipping treatment of O.D. 0.8. Newly induced PLBs were put on selection medium containing 1 mg/l hygromycin for 2 months. Hygromycin-resistant phalaenopsis plants that regenerated after the selection culture of PLBs showed histochemical blue staining due to GUS. Transgene integration of the hygromycin-resistant plants was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot using GUS specific primers and probe.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.93-93
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• 2003

• Plant Resources
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.176-180
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• 2002

This study was conducted to develop the clonal propagation technique through in vitro culture using by leaf sheath explants of Phalaenopsis grown in vitro. The highest frequency of protocorm-like body (PLB) formation was obtained when explants of leaf sheath were cultured on VW medium containing 30g/L sucrose, 500 mg/L activated charcoal, 150 mVL coconut water, 1 mg/L NAA, 1 mg/L 2ip and 2.5 g/L gelrite. The PLB formation rate of VW medium was highest followed by modified Hyponex medium, and lowest in MS medium. Plantlets induced from PLBs transferred to plastic pots including spagnum moss were well developed.

• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2003

This study was conducted to develop the clonal propagation technique through in vitro culture using basal stem explants in Phalaenopsis hybrid grown in vitro. The highest frequency of protocorm-like body (PLB) formation was obtained when basal stem explants were cultured on VW medium containing 30g/L sucrose, 500 mg/L activated charcoal, 150 ml/L coconut water, 1 mg/L NAA, 5 mg/L 2iP and 2.5g/L gel rite. PLBs transferred to Hyponex medium were regenerated to plantlets. Plantlets transferred to plastic pots containing spagnum moss were developed and successfully acclimatized under greenhouse. The flower was bloomingly opened in plants regenerated from basal stem explants. The flower was not different from both mother plant and plant induced through clonal propagation of Phalaenopsis hybrid.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.236-238
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effective media and optimal days after pollination for germination of seeds which were crossed by selfing or reciprocal pollination in Cymbidium spp. The elongation of ovary stopped about 110 days after pollination regardless of cross combinations. The increase of ovary width stopped about 140 days after pollination showing some differences among cross combinations. The cross combinations expressing high capsule number and viability showed good germination when they were sown in vitro. The capsules collected 150 to 180 days after pollination showed good germination performance and short days of germination. Hyponex media was the most effective for protocorm development and germination.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.209-213
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• 2008

This study was conducted to regenerate shoots from internode sections(about 1mm in thickness) of Ardicia pusilla de Candolle. Internode sections were cultured on MS medium supplemented with TDZ or both TDZ and IBA. At one month after culture, primodium, which looks like protocorm like body(PLB) of orchid, appeared around swollen internodes. And then it grew and changed into the shape similar to granule of orange at two or three months after culture. At four to five months after culture, explants covered with them became a cluster, and then multiple shoots were regenerated from them. Primodia formation was the best when internode was cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.25 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ thidiazuron(TDZ) and 0.5 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ indole-3-butyric acid(IBA). That internodes were cultured on MS medium supplemented with either higher concentration of TDZ than that of IBA, or equal concentration of TDZ and IBA, or TDZ only was little effective for primodia formation.