• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.308-313
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• 2016

Modern systems have become more and more complex due to the ever-increasing user requirements and rapid advance of technology. As such, the frequency of accidents due to system design errors or failure has been increasing. When the damage incurred by accidents to human beings or property is serious, the underlying systems are referred to as safety-critical systems. The development of such systems requires special efforts to ensure the safety of the human beings operating them. To cope with such a requirement, in this paper an approach is employed in which we consider safety starting from the conceptual design phase of the systems. Specifically, a systems design method that can detect functional failure is proposed by utilizing meta-models and M&S methods. To accomplish this, the safety design data from international safety standards are first extracted and also a meta-model is generated using SysML (systems modeling language). Then, a SysML-based system design method is proposed based on the use of the developed meta-model. We also discuss how the safety requirements can be created and verified using a simulation method. Finally, through a case study in automotive design, it is demonstrated that the detection of a functional failure and the verification of a safety requirement can be accomplished using the SysML-based M&S method. This study indicates that the use of meta-models can be useful for collecting and managing safety data and that the meta-model based M&S method can make it possible to satisfy the system requirements by reducing the design errors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.126-133
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• 2017

This study analyzed hydrological changes of stormwater runoff of Seolleung Jeongneung zone according to the application of LID system based on landscape Architectural technology. The results are as follows. First, when flooding occurred in Gwanghwamun in July 27, 2011, the maximum instantaneous rainfall amount was 183 mm/hr recorded at 10:00 on 27th for 10 minutes, and it was confirmed that rainfall intensity more than three times as high as the maximum rainfall of 57.5 mm/hr. Second, it is possible to control peak flow rate in the case of 1,500mm of soil thickness, so that it is possible to improve the vulnerability of flood damage in Seolleung and Jeongneung zone when applying the LID system. Third, in the berm height scenario, peak flow rate control was not controled in all depth level models, but the first stormwater runoff was delayed by 4 hours and 10 minutes compared to the soil thickness scenario. It was interpreted as a relatively important indicator the soil thickness for the initial stromwater runoff reduction and the berm height for the peak runoff. Through this, the systematic adaptation of landscape-friendly ecological factors within the cultural property protection zone could theoretically confirm the effects of flood disaster prevention.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2014

Natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis occur suddenly, so that they cause massive loss of lives and property. Especially earthquakes represent a particularly severe threat because of the extensive damage accompanied by them. In Korea, an earthquake-resistant design has been rarely applied to a design or construction of slope. However, in resent years, the researches for earthquake-resistance have been performed because the importance on the earthquake-resistance is perceived and highlighted. Soil nail method, one of the slope stability methods, is excellent for its constructability and cost effectiveness, as compared with other stability methods. Also, this method has been widely used for reinforced construction for slope stability. The studies of soil nail method have been performed on the interaction behavior between nails and slopes as well as the varied load condition such as static load, dynamic load and so on. Nevertheless, there has been minimal research regarding the constraint condition of nail head. In this study, the numerical analysis was performed for identifying effect on slope stability for the constrain condition of the soil nail. The result shows that the resistance of constrained the nail head on reinforced slope is larger compared to the one of unconstrained nail head.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Construction Safety
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2018

It is reported that about 20 % of all fires in Korea are caused by the electric equipment and installations. In complex and large-scale buildings, the sizes of electric fires are becoming larger as property damage and casualties increase. Among the causes of various electric fires, fire by short circuit accounts for about 71.5% of overall fires, and in the classification by electric equipment and installation, fire caused by wiring and wiring equipment accounts for approximately 38.3% of overall fires. The purpose of this study is to propose methods to prevent electric fires due to short circuit by improving indoor wiring currently in use and to find the fundamental measures to prevent wiring equipment caused fires by improving the socket and plug which are commonly used in wiring equipment. It is expected that the electric fire prevention measures presented through this study can be used as a measure to protect many people and properties by eliminating the root cause of electric fire.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.151-156
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• 2011

Previously most of flood prevention efforts have been made for relatively large watersheds near to channel flow. However, as economical development and the expansion of leisure areas to mountainous region, human casualty by flash flood occurs frequently, requiring additional prevention activity. Therefore, to reduce the damage of human lives and property by flash flood, we develop an assessment method for flash flood occurrence for mountainous areas considering various factors involving it. PROMETHEE(Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluations) which is one of the MCDM(Multi-Criteria Decision Making) was adopted to assess the contribution of each factor to the risk of the flash flood in the mountainous area. The main evaluation criteria are classified into three categories, namely, the regional and rainfall characteristics, and geographical features. Also, the Entropy method is used to determine the weight of each evaluation criteria without survey. The suggested method based on PROMETHEE with Entropy method is applied to BongHwa region to verify its applicability. After applied, the method successfully assesses the relative risk of flash flood occurrence of each sub region in the BongHwa region. Out of the seventeen sub-regions, five, seven and five of them are evaluated as high-risk, medium-risk, and low-risk, respectively. To verify the results, we searched the historical data of flash flood and the flash flood had occurred in one of high-risk sub-regions at 2008.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.287-294
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• 2021

A near miss is an unplanned event that did not result in injury/illness, or property damage, but had potentials to do so. The importance of the near miss has been emphasized by many researchers and organizations. However, only a few studies have quantitatively approached the near miss from the viewpoint of safety culture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of near miss reporting activities in manufacturing workplaces in Korea. It also aims to understand how the activities related with the safety culture and the occurrence of industrial accidents. To this end, a survey was conducted on manufacturing workplaces and the results were analyzed. As a result, there was a marked difference in the perception on near miss according to whether or not the near miss reporting activity was conducted. However, it was found that only 56% of the workplaces were carrying out the reporting activities. It was found that the number of near misses reported varied depending on the reward. Although no correlation could be found between whether or not the near miss reporting activities were carried out and the history of industrial accidents occurred, it was found that safety culture level was hier at the workplaces conducting the activities.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.684-693
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose is to establish a safe facility environment from abnormal voltages such as lightning by developing a smart land resistance measuring device that can acquire real-time land resistance data using Arduino. Method: This paper studied design models and application cases by developing a land resistance acquisition and analysis system with Arduino and a power line communication (PLC) system. Some sites in the wind power generation complex in Gyeongsangnam-do were selected as test beds, and real-time land resistance data applied with new technologies were obtained. The electrode arrangement adopted a smart electrode arrangement using a combination of a Wenner four electrode arrangement and a Schlumberger electrode arrangement. Result: First, the characteristic of this technology is that the depth of smart multi-electrodes is organized differently to reduce the error range of the acquired data even in the stratigraphic structure with specificity between floors. Second, IT convergence technology was applied to enable real-time transmission and reception of information on land resistance data acquired from smart ground electrodes through the Internet of Things. Finally, it is possible to establish a regular management system and analyze big data accumulated in the server to check the trend of changes in various elements, and to model the optimal ground algorithm and ground system design for the IT convergence environment. Conclusion: This technology will reduce surge damage caused by lightning on urban infrastructure underlying the 4th industrial era and design an optimized ground system model to protect the safety and life of users. It is also expected to secure intellectual property rights of pure domestic technology to create jobs and revitalize our industry, which has been stagnant as a pandemic in the post-COVID-19 era.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.81-91
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine COVID-19 situation in temrs of war-theory and to find out ways to overcome it. Just as the war changes the paradigm in the international situation and the national crisis management system, the current COVID-19 pandemic is bringing about the entry of the so-called "New Normal" era having the characteristics including untact culture. Although academic research on COVID-19 is mainly dealt with in terms of medical, tourism, and economics, the military research has not yet begun from the perspective of military science or war theory. In the concept of a comprehensive crisis that COVID-19 can cause enormous damage to the life and property of a country, it can be regarded as a target or enemy to be overcome. Among various war theories, the similarities with COVID-19 incident are analyzed in terms of the nature and aspect of the war and the factors of victory. Qualitative and questionnaire analysis results show that the COVID-19 outbreak is very similar to war when considering a variety of war-characteristics. In addition this research proposes ways to overcome COVID-19 based on the victorious factors of the past war, and predicts the impact of the international community after the end of COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of analyzing the priority of overcoming factors through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) shows that clear goals and establishment of alliances should be prioritized for successfully overcoming COVID-19.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.299-316
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze landslide susceptibility in the Pyeongchang area using Weight of Evidence (WOE) and Evidential Belief Function (EBF) as probability models and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) as a machine learning model in a geographic information system (GIS). This study examined the widespread shallow landslides triggered by heavy rainfall during Typhoon Ewiniar in 2006, which caused serious property damage and significant loss of life. For the landslide susceptibility mapping, 3,955 landslide occurrences were detected using aerial photographs, and environmental spatial data such as terrain, geology, soil, forest, and land use were collected and constructed in a spatial database. Seventeen factors that could affect landsliding were extracted from the spatial database. All landslides were randomly separated into two datasets, a training set (50%) and validation set (50%), to establish and validate the EBF, WOE, and ANN models. According to the validation results of the area under the curve (AUC) method, the accuracy was 74.73%, 75.03%, and 70.87% for WOE, EBF, and ANN, respectively. The EBF model had the highest accuracy. However, all models had predictive accuracy exceeding 70%, the level that is effective for landslide susceptibility mapping. These models can be applied to predict landslide susceptibility in an area where landslides have not occurred previously based on the relationships between landslide and environmental factors. This susceptibility map can help reduce landslide risk, provide guidance for policy and land use development, and save time and expense for landslide hazard prevention. In the future, more generalized models should be developed by applying landslide susceptibility mapping in various areas.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2018

The Houttuynia cordata has been utilized for various beneficial purposes in humans mainly because of its potent antioxidant principle quercitrin present in this plant. This study examines the possibility of producing a functional sea food commodity containing active principle quercitrin by feeding H. cordata for a extended period. Spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) were fed a diet containing H. cordata at 0.1-1.0% levels for 1 month and tissue concentrations of quercitrin were analyzed in serum, hepatopancreas and muscle. It was observed that quercitrin was found in the ranking order of hepatopancreas>muscle>serum. After a bolus administration of quercitrin (20 mg/kg, oral) to spotted sea bass and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), idential rank order was observed after 48 hr. In contrast, the order was liver>serum>muscle in rat and mice, indicating that higher quercitrin distribution occurs to the muscle in fishes compared with in mammals tested. High residue concentration of qeurcitrin in the edible tissue can be an advantageous property in terms of functional food production. High level H. cordata extract inclusion of 1.0% seems to have detrimental effects in spotted sea bass leading to growth retardation and hepatic damage. It was concluded that incorporation of H. cordata extract into diet can be a way of producing healthy foods. However the level of active extract needs fine tuning to avoid toxicity to fishes.