• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.1165-1172
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• 2002

The effects of salicylic acid(SA) and water deficit on growth and proline accumulation were investigated in cucumber(Cucurmis sativus L.) seedlings. Exogenous application of SA(100 $\mu$M-1 mM) led to a noticeable decrease in root and shoot growth, and dry weight of seedlings. Anatomical observation on leaf of cucumber revealed that the thickness of all leaf tissue components decreased in SA-treated plants. The effect was most pronounced on the width of the adaxial epidermis. In the separate effects of SA(0, 100, 500 and 1000 $\mu$M) and water deficit induced by PEG(0, 4.4, 7.0 and 9.6 %) on growth, the water deficit treatments had greater effects on growth traits than SA. Combinations of SA and PEG(SA+PEG) decreased shoot and root dry matter, and root length. Proline increased slightly in SA-treated seedlings, but exhibited a marked increase in water deficit application. Combinations of SA+PEG induced higher proline in both shoots and roots than SA stress alone. Shoots had higher proline than roots. Our data support a role of SA potentiating the osmotic stress response of germinating cucumber seedling.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1998년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.257.2-257
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• 1998

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2000년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.126.2-127
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• 2000

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.20-24
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• 2003

Proline is known as an osmotrotectant to enhance tolerance against both salt and dehydration stresses. A P5CS ($\Delta^1$-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase) plays a major role in regulation of synthesis of proline. An overexpression of the mothbean P5CS gene in transgenic tobacco plant increased the levels of proline and osmotolerance. In an attempt to look for the possibility to use content of proline as well as a level of P5CS gene expression as molecular markers for salt tolerance, the amounts of proline and transcript levels of P5CS were measured as functions of either concentration of NaCl or length of treatment period among different species of zoysiagrass. Hybridzoysia showed the highest level of proline ($329\mu\textrm{g}$/g.f.w.) among five different species of zoysiagrass at 250 mM NaCl in 24 hours. The level of P5CS transcript was also the highest in the hybridzoysia at 250 mM NaCl in 24 hours. The transcriptions of P5CS gene were induced at the rates of 1.2, 1.2, 1.8, and 1.8, upon treatment of 250 mM NaCl in Z. japonica, Z. matrella, Z. sinica and hybridzoysia respectively. Based on a correlation between the level of P5CS transcript and the proline content among different species of zoysiagrass, a comparative structural analysis of the gene for P5CS from either Z. sinica or hybridzoysia may lead to an understanding of mechanism for salt tolerance shown differently among zoysiagrasses.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2003년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.56-56
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• 2003

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2022

Sulfur is an essential element in plants, including amino acids, vitamin synthesis, and acting as an antioxidant. However, the interaction between endogenous sulfur and proline synthesis has not been yet fully documented. White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is known as a species highly sensitive to sulfate supply. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the role of sulfur in regulating proline metabolism in relation to ammonia detoxification and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) accumulation in white clover. The detached leaves of white clover were immersed in solution containing different concentration of sulfate (0, 10, 100, and 1000 mM MgSO₄). As MgSO₄ concentrations were increased, the concentration of H₂O₂ increased up to 2.5-fold compared to control, accompanied with H₂O₂ detection in leaves. Amino acid concentrations significantly increased only at higher levels (100 and 1000 mM MgSO₄). No significant difference was observed in protein concentration. Proline and ∆^1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) concentrations slightly decreased at 10 and 100 mM MgSO₄ treatments, whereas it rapidly increased over 1.9-fold at 1000 mM MgSO₄ treatment. Ammonia concentrations gradually increased up to 8.6-fold. These results indicate that exogenous sulfur levels are closely related to H₂O₂ and ammonia synthesis but affect proline biosynthesis only at a higher level.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.221-227
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• 1977

우리나라 서해안(西海岸)에 자생(自生)하는 내염성식물(耐鹽性植物) 10종(種)에 대한 proline함량(含量)은 $84{\sim}1700{\mu}g/gfw.$이었으며 Cl함량(含量)은 $0.13{\sim}0.45mM/gfw.$이었다. 이들 식물체내(植物體內)의 proline함량과 Cl함량 간(間)에는 상호반비례(相互反比例)하는 경향을 나타냈다. 그중에서 화본과(禾本科)인 갈대는 고(高) proline함유(含有) 저(低) Cl함유(含有) 식물(植物)로서 염처리(鹽處理)가 갈대의 질소대사(窒素代謝)에 미치는 영향을 검정하였다. 그 결과 0.25M NaCl 처리 이상에서는 위조현상(萎凋現象)이 나타나고, 총질소(總窒素) 함량(含量)은 감소(減少)하는 경향이지만 알콜 가용성(可溶性) 질소 및 proline함량(含量)은 염처리(鹽處理) 농도(濃度)에 비례(比例)하여 증가하였다. 이와 같은 경향(傾向)은 해변(海邊)과 육지(陸地)에 채취한 갈대간에 큰 차이가 없었다. Gel전기영동의 단백질분획(蛋白質分劃)을 0.1M NaCl처리까지는 변화가 없으나 0.25M NaCl처리 이상에서는 Fraction 1 단백질이 감소(減少)하고 대조구(對照區)에 없는 새로운 단백질분획이 나타났다. 이 결과에서 0.1M NaCl 처리는 갈대의 생육과 질소 대사에 영향을 미치지 않았고, 0.25M NaCl 처리는 외관상(外觀上)의 생육(生育)은 저해되지 않았으나 체내(體內) 질소 대사에 이상(異常)을 가져왔으며 0.5M NaCI 처리 이상에서는 생육(生育) 및 대사(代謝)에 이상(異常)을 가져왔다. 질소대사(窒素代謝)의 가장 두드러진 이상(理象)은 proline의 축적(蓄積)이었으며 이 proline은 내염성(耐鹽性) 식물(植物)의 삼투압(?透壓) 조절기능(調節機能)과 관계있을 것으로 생각된다.기적 흥분현상과 결부하여 $Ca^{++}$을 유리할 수 있을 것으로 추정하였으며, 한편 digitalis배당체의 강심작용기전에 있어서는 digitalis 배당체에 의한 세포막의 $Na^+$, $K^+$-ATPase 억제결과 초래될 수 있는 세포내의 $Na^+$ 증가 및(또는) $K^+$감소가 간접적으로 mitochondria에서부터 $Ca^{++}$ 유리를 증가하여 E-C coupling 과정을 촉진할 수 있을 것을 사료하였다. 통계적(統計的)인 유의성(留意性)은 인정(認定)되지 않았고 일반적(一般的)으로 식물성 유지급여군의 간지방함량(肝脂肪含量)이 다른 군보다 높았다. 5. 혈청(血淸)콜레스테롤 함량(含量)은 쥐에 있어서는 채종유군이 가장 높았으며 참기름군이 비교적(比較的) 높은 수치(數値)를 나타냈고, 병아리실험에서는 동물유군이 어유, 콩기름, 참기름, 들기름, 옥수수기름, 채종유, 대조군보다 높았으나 통계적(統計的)인 유의차(留意差)는 없었다.6. 지방산조성(脂肪酸造成)은 동물성유지는 대체로 palmitic acid, myristic acid함량이 많았으며 식물성유는 Linoleic acid 와 oleic acid가 많았고 옥수수기름이 필수지방산인 Linoleic acid 함량이 54.7%로 가장많았으며 특히 들기름이 2중 결합 3개인 Linolenic acid가 58.4%로 다른 식물성기름보다 월등히 높았다. 한편 식물성 기름에는 Arachidonic acid 가 소량있으나 동물유(動物油)나 어유(魚油)에서는 분석(分析)되지 못했다. 5. Paper chromatograhpy에 의하여 유기산(有機酸)을 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같았다. a) Volatile acid i) 7년(年)

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.314-325
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• 2002

페레니얼 라이그라스의 가뭄스트레스 저항성과 관련하여 균근균(mycorrhiza) 접종이 작물생장 및 질소대사 산물에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 균근균 접종에 의한 잎의 수분퍼텐셜, 건물량 및 인의 함량의 유의적인 증가가 인정되었다. 가뭄스트레스 상태에서 뿌리의 질산염 농도는 증가하였으며, 균근균 비접종구가 접종구에 비하여 현저하였다. 잎의 수용성 단백질 함량은 가뭄 스트레스 하에서 균근균 비접종구가 접종구에 비해 현저히 감소하였다. 전 실험기간 동안 가뭄 스트레스 처리구의 암모니아와 proline의 농도는 현저히 증가하였으며, 균근균 접종구에서는 증가가 현저히 완화되었다. 가뭄 스트레스 하에서 잎의 건물량 감소는 암모니아(p<0.01)와 proline(p<0.001) 농도의 증가와 부의 유의적인 상관성을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 균근균의 접종 효과는 가뭄 스트레스 하에서 작물의 성장 억제를 완화시켰으며, 인의 함량과 질소의 동화 작용을 증가 시켰다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.255-265
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• 2013

This study was conducted to determine the extent of drought resistance based on physiological responses of Calystegia soldanella under water deficit. In order to investigate the changes of plant growth, stomatal density, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid, osmolality, total ion contents, the contents of carbohydrate and proline, C. soldanella was grown under well watered and drought stressed conditions for 12 days. In this study, water-deficit resulted in remarkable growth inhibition of C. soldanella. The effect of water-deficit on plant growth was associated with low osmotic potential of soil. On day 12 after drought treatment, dry weight, relative water contents, number and area of leaves and stem length were lower than those of control. The stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate were significantly reduced in water stressed plant to regulate inner water contents and $CO_2$ exchange through the stomatal pore. Chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll contents were not different in comparison with the control, indicating that the efficiency of photosystem II was not affected by drought stress. This results could be explained that water-deficit in C. soldanella limits the photosynthetic rate and reduces the plant's ability to convert energy to biomass. A significant increase in total ion contents and osmolality was observed on day 7 and day 12. Accumulation of proline in leaves is associated with the osmotic adjustment in C. soldanella to soil water-deficit. Consequently, this increase in osmolality in water stressed plant can be a result in the increase of ion contents and proline.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.622-633
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• 2018

Chinese cabbage grown during autumn season is confronted with drought conditions for a certain period, especially during the early growth stage. In this study, we investigated the effects of drought stress on plant growth characteristics, as well as free amino acid, carotenoid, and proline in Chinese cabbage. Chinese cabbage seeds (Bulam Plus) were germinated, and all the seedlings were transplanted into plastic containers (28 cm diameter ${\times}$ 22 cm high) containing a commercial growth medium. The soil water content was measured and maintained at 10% for the drought-stressed plants and at 30% for the control plants, for three weeks. The results revealed that plant growth parameters were lower in the drought-stressed plants than in the control plants. The total free amino acid content tended to decrease in both drought-stressed and control plants with time. The total free amino acid content was found to be lower in the drought-stressed plants than in the control plants and the proline content was unaffected. Moreover, at three weeks after treatment, carotenoid content in drought stressed plants was significantly higher than that in the untreated plants. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because the effects of drought stress on plant growth parameters, free amino acid, carotenoids, and proline accumulation in autumn growing cultivar of Chinese cabbage have not been widely studied in Korea, and our study provides valuable information in this regard, as Chinese cabbage is consumed throughout the year in Korea.