• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.551-557
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• 2016

National competency standards, which are the contents of the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to perform a job in industry, is organized by the country. the job performance was evaluated based on the National competency standards from the third-year grade of radiology students by using field-based training courses. according to the evaluation results, students showed over 93% satisfactory ratio of job performance in all radiography projection methods. Therefore, it can be predicted that field-based training courses for students made a positive effect on improving their job performance. Exposure methods with CR equipment were evaluated the best rating, yet it has various problems. The standard deviation between students was very high, and the CR operation skill of students was insufficient. Film methods was evaluated also showed problems, due to the exposure condition setting and developing operation. although DR method was rated good to the students, it was evaluated that the operation skill of DR and the ancillary equipment operation skill was shortage. By supplementing the evaluation factors below proficiency levels to a course management in each exposure method, it could help students course achievement. Also, it could help students to improve job performance of clinical areas after graduation.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.475-481
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• 2019

A splint is one of assisting devices for the disabled with hemiplegia or contracture and is manually made by an experienced expert. Heated thermoplastic materials are continuously fitted to the affected part. This traditional method has a possible risk of low-temperature burn, quality variance of the splint due to the proficiency of maker. etc. While various approaches has been made using 3D printing technology in order to redeem those disadvantages, they still carry high cost issues with 3D scanners or accuracy issues with manual measurement. This research begins with symmetrical characteristics of human body and focuses on the preliminary study for the possibility of splint manufacturing with 3D printing technology based on geometric characteristics of unaffected arm. 3D right and left forearm models of healthy male adults were created by photogrammetry software and a series of digital images in order to measure the circumference and cross-sectional area of the forearm models at every 20mm from the elbow. The circumference and cross-sectional area showed tolerable levels of differences between both sides within subjects; The circumference and cross-sectional area showed very strong correlations between both sides within subjects. From these findings, the possibility of splint manufacturing with 3D printing technology could be confirmed based on the geometric characteristics of unaffected side.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.35-46
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• 2021

In this study, we examined the interactive aspects between pitch reduction phenomena considered a universal language phenomenon and native language interference in the production of L2 intonation performed by Chinese learners of Korean. To investigate their interaction, we conducted an acoustic analysis using acoustic measures such as pitch span, pitch level, pitch dynamic quotient, skewness, and kurtosis. In addition, the correlation between text comprehension and pitch was examined. The analyzed material consisted of four Korean discourses containing five and seven sentences of varying difficulty. Seven Korean native speakers and thirty Chinese learners who differed in their Korean proficiency participated in the production test. The results, for differences by language, showed that Chinese had a more expanded pitch span, and a higher pitch level than Korean. The analysis between groups showed that at the beginner and intermediate levels, pitch reduction was prominent, i.e., their Korean was characterized by a compressed pitch span, low pitch level, and less sentence internal pitch variation. Contrariwise, the pitch use of advanced speakers was most similar to Korean native speakers. There was no significant correlation between text difficulty and pitch use. Through this study, we observed that pitch reduction was more pronounced than native language interference in the phonetic layer.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.239-252
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• 2022

This study aims to develop performance criteria based on characteristics observed in science inquiry tasks for elementary school students. First, the performance characteristics by observing 70 fifth-grade elementary school students' science inquiry activity report are listed. Second, the checklist-type scoring criteria in connection with the theoretical framework of scientific inquiry process and relevant competencies are developed. Third, with the developed scoring criteria, 11 raters participate in scoring 350 students' reports. The main findings are as follow: first, the scoring data are well-fitted for the many-faceted Rasch model, and 22 scoring criteria are reasonably-well differentiated for various levels of proficiency. Second, at low performance level, observable characteristics are to answer questions explicitly required by the task or to observe objects or phenomena using pre-learned scientific concepts, while at high performance level, to explore additional data other than given data or to reflect on one's experimental process. Based on the results, the usefulness of analyzing students' performance characteristics for developing the scoring criteria, and further research directions are discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.246-257
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• 2006

TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) aims to produce reliable and internationally comparable indicators of student achievement. The TIMSS science achievement scale summarizes student performance on test items designed to measure a wide range of student knowledge and proficiency. This study analyzed Korean middle school students' science achievement at the advanced and high international benchmarks of the four benchmark levels of the benchmarks classified in TIMSS 2003 in light of science content areas (physics, chemistry, biology, earth science, and environmental science) and item characteristics. The average percent correct on items at the advanced benchmark by Korean students was highest in physics followed by earth science, biology, chemistry, and environmental science, whereas internationally the order was earth science, chemistry, biology, physics and lastly environmental science. Korean students performed relatively better in physics yet somewhat worse in chemistry than other top-performing countries. According to item analysis, Korean students reaching the advanced international benchmark understood some fundamentals of scientific investigation, but demonstrated weakness in written explanations of scientific principles, abstract science concept comprehension, and application of scientific concepts to solve quantitative problems. In addition, Korean students reaching the high international benchmark demonstrated relative weak conceptual understanding of ecology compared with other countries.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.5-21
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• 2004

The study aims to propose plans to give credit approval to those who obtain authorized civil qualifications, in accordance with the enforcement regulations under the Clause 7, Article 4 of $\ulcorner$the law on credit approval and others$\lrcorner$. Preceding studies on the grounds and principles of credit approval, analyses on the related references and materials, and surveys asking the managers of authorized civil qualifications their opinion over giving credit approval to authorized civil qualifications were conducted as the methodology of this study. Besides, a conference inviting experts from the relevant fields was held to specifically overview the contents and levels to be examined by qualification items, to conduct a face-to-face survey on directions to take in the credit approval of authorized civil qualifications, and to analyze the level and the degree of the difficulty of questions in the examinations of authorized civil qualifications. The contents and the level of credit approval in this study are as follows. For the authorized civil qualification items unable to formulate criteria in accordance with the principles of credit approval taken in the national technique qualification and other national qualifications, two factors were put under consideration for setting the level of the credit approval. First, the level and scope of work were investigated. Second, the content of qualification was compared with the course work of college. The degree of difficulty in the scope and performance of work was reviewed by specialized qualification and general qualification, respectively. Specialized qualification indicates whether or not the required knowledge and technique are acquired for performing duty in specific work fields. It falls into service fields and qualification items except qualification items on general clerical work of the national technique qualification and other national qualifications. To the contrary, general qualification is to prove the degree of acquisition of knowledge and technique for improving the basic competencies throughout diverse types of occupations. It includes competencies to verify language proficiency, mathematical and statistical capacity, problem settlement, negotiation and communication skills. When the authorized civil qualification came under the specialized qualification, the level of qualification was determined in comparison with the level of work of national qualifications. In the case of the general qualification, the credit to be approved was settled by conducting a comparative analysis on the course work of college.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.403-425
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• 2015

The Chicago Convention and Annexes have become the basis of aviation safety regulations for every contracting state. Generally, the State's aviation safety regulations refer to the Standards and Recommended Practices(SARPs) provided in the Annexes of the Chicago Convention. In order to properly reflect international aviation safety regulations, constant studies of the aviation fields are of paramount importance. This Paper is intended to identify the main differences between korean and foreign regulation and suggest a few amendment proposals on Mixed-fleet Flying(at or more two aircraft type operation) of flight crew. Comparing with these regulations, the korean regulations and implementations have some insufficiency points. I suggest some amendment proposals of korean regulations concerning Mixed-fleet Flying that flight crew operate aircraft of different types. Basically an operator shall not assign a pilot-in-command or a co-pilot to operate at the flight controls of a type of airplane during take-off and landing unless that pilot has operated the flight controls during at least three take-offs and landings within the preceding 90 days on the same type of airplane or in a flight simulator. Also, flight crew members are familiarized with the significant differences in equipment and/or procedures between concurrently operated types. An operator shall ensure that piloting technique and the ability to execute emergency procedures is checked in such a way as to demonstrate the pilot's competence on each type or variant of a type of airplane. Proficiency check shall be performed periodically. When an operator schedules flight crew on different types of airplanes with similar characteristics in terms of operating procedures, systems and handling, the State shall decide the requirements for each type of airplane can be combined. In conclusion, it is necessary for flight crew members to remain concurrently qualified to operate multiple types. The operator shall have a program to include, as a minimum, required differences training between types and qualification to maintain currency on each type. If the Operator utilizes flight crew members to concurrently operate aircraft of different types, the operator shall have qualification processes approved or accepted by the State. If applicable, the qualification curriculum as defined in the operator's Advanced Qualification Program could be applied. Flight crew members are familiarized with the significant differences in equipment and/or procedures between concurrently operated types. The difference among different types of airpcrafts decrease and standards for these airpcrafts can be applied increasingly because function and performance have been improved by aircraft manufacture company in accordance to basic aircraft system in terms of developing new aircrafts for flight standard procedure and safety of flight. Also, it becomes more necessary for flight crews to control multi aircraft types due to various aviation business and activation of leisure business. Nevertheless, in terms of flight crew training and qualification program, there are no regulations in Korea to be applied to new aircraft types differently in accordance with different levels. In addition, it has no choice different programs based on different levels because there are not provisions to restrict or limit and specific standards to operate at or more than two aircraft types for flight safety. Therefore the aviation authority introduce Flight Standardization and/or Operational Evaluation Board in order to analysis differences among aircraft types. In addition to that, the aviation authority should also improve standard flight evaluation and qualification system among different aircraft types for flight crews to apply reasonable training and qualification efficiently. For all the issue mentioned above, I have studied the ICAO SARPs and some state's regulation concerning operating aircraft of different types(Mixed-fleet flying), and suggested some proposals on the different aircraft type operation as an example of comprehensive problem solving. I hope that this paper is 1) to help understanding about the international issue, 2) to help the improvement of korean aviation regulations, 3) to help compliance with international standards and to contribute to the promotion of aviation safety, in addition.