• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2015

Purpose - The movie market has the characteristics of being a perfectly competitive market as well as a pure monopolistic market at the same time. This is because there are competitors in the industry but prices, although not fixed, have not changed a lot. Price competition may not have spread, but the competition is focused on artistic value, and the degree of box office success is most important. The artistic value is determined in the course of the production process. However, the degree of box office success is dependent upon the marketing manager. The marketing strategy represents the difference in the standard or quality of the movie. Inherently, the marketing manager adopts the entertainment strategy based on the quality of the foundation of the completed movie. At this time, the marketing manager knows the pertinent information (high quality/low quality) regarding the movie. This research study tries to reveal what should be the reasonable movie marketing expense, dependent on the quality of the movie. Research design, data, and methodology - Using a game scenario with different market players, the goal of the research analysis is to find out the following. First, the marketing expense is determined to maximize the profits after film production. Second, after the production costs are already committed, the manufacturer gets to choose the marketing level. At this time, there will be a profit maximization point, considering the competition. The premise of the research is as follows: if it is a good movie of quality, positive word of mouth increasing the audience continuously slows down the speed of the demand curve. If the movie quality is bad, the negative word of mouth decreasing the audience gradually hastens the speed of the demand curve. On the marketing side, when the manufacturer invests heavily in the marketing expense of the movie, consumer expectations increase to drive up the audience numbers. On the other hand, it is difficult to improve the profits excessively. When the manufacturer invests in marketing a little bit, the marketing expense is only relatively committed, therefore a lot of demand cannot be gained. Results - If a fixed market share is in a competitive situation, a low quality manufacturer expends relatively more marketing expense. If the situation assumes two manufacturers spend the same for the cost of production, the high quality manufacturer takes more profit. If the manufacturer expends less marketing budget to save costs, the optimum profit cannot be achieved since the other party (opponent) grabs the initial market share. Conclusions - In conclusion, investment is essential for market share to increase. We must refrain from a zero-sum game and have models where the game participants pursue the creative profits together. In the current film industry, there is the dominating logic of winner and loser but we have to create a film industry environment where the participants can be altogether satisfied and live together.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-19
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• 1977

The results analyzed of the actual state of medium size two-boat trawler fishery based on the cost expended in 1975 are as follows: According to the calculation of interest, the total cost of this fishery comes to ￦ 55,353,807, and in this account, the production cost comes to ￦ 49,747,383 (89.9%) and the material cost comes to ￦ 27,027,662(48.8%), the labour cost comes to ￦ 10,381,013 (18.8%) the expenses, ￦12,338,708(22.3%) and commision and interest comes to ￦ 5,606,424 (10.1%). As above the fishery comes is 90% of production cost for the expense of production. The ratio of cost element to the total cost 100 is as follow: Fuel: 23.6%, allocation: 14.3%, fishing gear: 14.1%, boat repair: 13.0%, fish box: 8.5%, ice: 14.1%, commission: 6.9%, food cost: 4.5%, interest: 3.2%, transportation fee: 2.8%, consumption: 2.6%, tax: 2.5%, depreciation: 2.4%, administrative expense: 1.6%. The unit cost of catches to each box, including the interest, cames to ￦ 2,167 and not calculating the interest it comes to ￦ 2,098. The cost production to each kg comes to ￦ 114 including interest, without interest, it comes ￦110. When the production cost comes to 90.6%, it comes to 9.4% of total revenue. The reason which this fishery brings low income is that the boats are almost old and semi-diesel engine is used. So, fuel expense and repaire expenses needs too much. Acconding to above this fishery needs to replace new boat and new engine. And new are for this fishery needs to bring under cultivation in order to bring good income with the new method for this fishery. Specially, this fishery brings low income from July to September because of its rest from labour. And so, the expenses, item, and account of money, and the trust money the cost element are not showed in August.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2009

하천시설공사의 경우, 비정형적인 하천공사의 특성과 개략 공사비 산정을 위한 기준단가의 부재와 기본 설계단계 부재에 따른 가용정보의 부족 및 변동의 가능성 등의 특정으로 개략공사비 산정에 많은 어려움이 존재한다. 기존의 하천공사의 개략공사비 산정은 하천제방의 대표 단면의 물량 산출을 통한 대표 단면 공사비 산정 후, 이에 단순히 연장(m)을곱하는 방식을 적용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 체계적인 개략공사비 산정 방법론이 존재하지 않는 하천공사의 개략공사비 산정 방법론을 제시하는데 있어, 기본설계가 없는 하천시설물공사의 특성을 고려해 기획단계에서의 개략공사비 산정 모델을 개발하고자 한다. 이를 통해 국가예산이 투입되는 공공공사에서 국가예산의 낭비를 방지하고, 보다 체계적이고 정확한 공사비 산출을 가능하게 하고자 한다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.235-243
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• 1995

Recently, the cocoon production is reducing very steeply in Japan. The main reason for this cocoon reduction is due to high labor cost and the production expense is apt to rise year by year. Accordingly, the improvement of cocoon productivity by retrenchment of the production expense is intensively required in my country. Therefore, the silkworm rearing on the artificial diet is largely expected as the innovation techniques of sericulture. Since rearing of the silkworm on artificial diets has first been achieved in 1960, and the silkworm larvae were reared throughout all the instars on artificial diets(Fukuda et al., 1960, Ito & Tanaka, 1960). The artificial diets used at this time contained 50% or more of dried, pulverized mulberyy leaves as one of the main ingredients, and the composition was rather simple. When reared on these diets, larval growth and development were retarded, small cocoons appeared, and the adults laid only a small number of eggs. At first, we would like to study about nutritional requirement of the silkworm, using the chemically defined diet which prepared artificially. Subsequently, attempts were made to improve the diets by replacement of crude ingredients with possibly purer compounds, as mentioned later. Before giving the details on individual nutrient, I would like to summarize about the outline of utilization flow of various nutrients through the larval-pupal development and these daily quantitative requirements per body weight in the silkworm when they were reared on mulberry leaves.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1999

The effect of fat supplementation of high calcium (Ca) diets on the performance, intestinal pH, body composition and size and weight of organs in growing chickens were investigated in two experiments. Growing chickens tolerated a high dietary level of Ca (22.5 vs 12.1 g/kg) in the presence of 6.3 g/kg of available phosphorus without any significant effect on performance. Intestinal pH was significantly increased by the addition of excess Ca and fat which probably created the right pH for the formation of insoluble Ca soaps. Excess dietary Ca increased carcass linoleic acid concentration at the expense of palmitic and stearic acid contents, whilst the addition of sunflower oil (80 g/kg diet) to the diet increased carcass linoleic acid concentration at the expense of palmitic acid content of the carcass. Intestinal and visceral organ size and weight were not influenced by excess Ca or fat. However, there was a non significant increase in the intestinal dry weight per unit of length caused by excess dietary Ca. It was concluded that excess dietary Ca of 22.5 g/kg did not significantly influence the performance of meat chickens. However, excess Ca increased intestinal pH and altered carcass fatty acid composition. Fat supplementation did not alter intestinal pH with high Ca diets. Excess dietary fat altered carcass fatty acid composition and reduced protein content. Intestinal and visceral organ size and weights were not influenced by excess dietary levels of Ca of fat.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2003년도 가을 학술논문집
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• pp.130-134
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• 2003

하나로의 출력 운전이 시작된 1996년 이후 2002년까지 발생하였던 고체 폐기물의 양을 정리하고 원자로 출력량과의 상관 관계를 비교하였다. 이 기간동안 발생한 폐기물량 및 처리비용은 각각 $69,598{\ell}$, 1,878만원이었으며 출력량 대비 폐기물 발생량 및 처리비용은 각각 $3.01{\ell}/MWD$, 811원/MWD이다. 또한 폐수지의 부피를 줄이기 위해 수지건조장치를 개발하여 폐수지의 양을 약 40% 감소시켰다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2003년도 가을 학술논문집
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• pp.135-140
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• 2003

1996년부터 2002년까지 하나로의 출력 운전 중 발생한 액체 폐기물의 양을 조사, 정리하고 원자로 출력량과의 상관 관계를 비교하였다. 이 기간동안 발생한 폐기물량 및 처리비용은 각각 $263,530{\ell}$, 8,169만원이었으며 출력량 대비 폐기물 발생량 및 처리비용은 각각 $11.38{\ell}/MWD$, 157원/MWD이다. 폐기물 저감 대책은 원자로 홀 내에서 수행되는 보수 작업 및 실험 공정을 개선하여 저감하였다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2022

본 연구는 북·중 및 북·중·러 접경지역을 경유한 북한관광에 대한 한국인의 수요를 추정하고, 북한지역에서 지출할 것으로 예상되는 관광지출액을 도출하여, 북한 지역경제 파급효과를 추정하였다. 북한 방문이 가능한 상황을 전제로 향후 5년 이내에 해당 지역을 방문할 의향이 있는지 물어 본 결과 응답자의 약 64.1%가 방문하겠다고 답하였다. 응답자의 방문의사를 기초로 마켓팅분야의 구매의도분석을 적용하여 수요를 도출한 결과 관광수요는 연간 연인원 4,136,361명으로 나타났다. 1인당 평균지출액은 153만 2천원, 총지출액은 6조 3,369억원으로 나타났다. 총지출액 중에서 항공료를 제외한 후 방문지역마다 균등하게 지출한다는 가정하에, 북한지역에 지출될 금액을 추정해 본 결과 2조 8,387억원으로 나타났다. 이 지출액이 북한 지역경제에 미칠 후방파급효과는 총생산유발 7조 9,721억원, 부가가치유발 2조 6,194억원, 취업유발 약 2,890,443명으로 나타났다. 추정한 부가가치유발효과는 한국은행이 추계한 2020년 북한 명목 GDP의 약 7.6%에 달하는 것으로 나타나, 한국인의 북한관광에 따른 지출은 북한 지역경제에 유의미한 영향을 줄 것으로 보인다. 한국인의 해외여행 증가에 따라 북한관광수요도 꾸준히 증가할 가능성이 있으므로 여건이 개선된다면, 북한 관광인프라개발을 위한 남북협력도 필요하다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2014

공급사슬관리(Supply Chain Management)는 기업의 규모가 커지고 관리하는 제품의 수가 다양해지면서 그 중요성이 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 제조 기업의 공급사슬관리 최적화를 위해서는 다양한 변수를 고려하여 생산계획과 분배계획을 효율적으로 수립하여야 하며 각 개별의 단계를 통합적 관접에서 고려하여야 한다. 본 논문은 첫째, 고객의 수요가 다기간이며 확정된 수요정보가 생산자 단계의 생산능력 범위 내에서 변동함에 있어서 공급사슬관리의 최적화된 운영방안에 대해서 제시하였다. 둘째, 공급사슬관리에 있어서 생산계획과 분배계획 수립에 있어 재고비용과 수요불충분비용을 고려하여 최적화된 수요대응방안을 도출하도록 하였다. 본 논문은 기존의 그 유용성이 입증된 유전자 알고리즘(Genetic Algorithm)을 응용 적용하였으며 확정된 수요정보의 기간 및 변동성에 대응하기 위해 두 가지 방안으로 나누어 공급사슬관리의 최적화된 운영방안에 대해 제시하는데 그 의의가 있다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.506-515
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• 2005

Novel ships are commonly required iterative hull form modifications until she get reputation for new marine environment. Small FRP boats are manufactured in a identical shape with a mould. It implies that every modification step requires great time and expense which makes it difficult to improve the hull form promptly. Domestic hull form of small fishing boat of force has been evolved from the traditional hull form of developable shape. Utilizing this typical developable characteristics of small boats, ,New mouldless production method for FRP boat has been suggested and it is confirmed that the method is recommendable for a petty order of hull in evolving period of hull form development.