• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to present a good pants pattern for boys aged 13-18 by comparing and analyzing the pants pattern according to lower body shape. And through it, this study was to provide basic data for pants production considering male student body shape. The pattern of this study used the industrial type Lee Hee-chun pattern and DC Suite Program for 3D virtual simulation. As a result of the appearance evaluation, there was a significant difference between the patterns in most items. Type 2 was rated highly, followed by Type 4, Type 3, and Type 1. Type 1 required correction of the length of the pants and the amount of crotch part, while type 3 required adjustment of the pants in the knee area. Type 4 required correction of pattern drawing method of crotch width, thigh circumference, and knee circumference. This pattern method was evaluated as suitable for slender body shape. This study suggests a pants pattern system suitable for adolescent boys by reflecting the body shape characteristics of adolescent boy with a change of body shape. It is expected that this will meet the increasing demand for fitting. In this study, we have examined 3D virtual simulation, not actual wear experiment, so it will be necessary to investigate the difference through actual clothing experiment for adolescent boys.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.65-73
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• 2018

Game balance settings are crucial to game design. Game balancing must take into account a large amount of numerical values, configuration data, and the relationship between elements. Once released and served, a game - even for a balanced game - often requires calibration according to the game player's preference. To achieve sustainability, game balance needs adjustment while allowing for small changes. In fact, from the producers' standpoint, game balance issue is a critical success factor in game production. Therefore, they often invest much time and capital in game design. However, if such a costly game cannot provide players with an appropriate level of difficulty, the game is more likely to fail. On the contrary, if the game successfully identifies the game players' propensity and performs self-balancing to provide appropriate difficulty levels, this will significantly reduce the likelihood of game failure, while at the same time increasing the lifecycle of the game. Accordingly, if a novel technology for game balancing is developed using artificial intelligence (AI) that offers personalized, intelligent, and customized service to individual game players, it would bring significant changes to the game production system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.399-404
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• 2002

The fermented fruit and vegetable mixed broth was prepared by using bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria to evaluate the possibility of developing isotonic beverage with anticariogenic activity. Optimum conditions were also established to produce bacteriocin by a mixed culture system consisting of Lc. lactis and Leu. mesenteroides in a fruit and vegetable mixture. Production of bacteriocin was not observed when both strains were simultaneously innoculated, but pH adjustment of the broth fermented by Leu. mesenteroides to nearneutral pH stimulated the production of bacteriocin by Lc. lactis. The concentration of sodium of the fermented broth was higher than those of commercial products. Color change of the fermented broth was not observed during storage. The fermented broth showed strong inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans which is an oral inhabitant with a cariogenic activity. Bacteriocin activity in the fermented broth was retained very stable for 4 weeks at 4$\^{C}$. The results indicated that bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria can be used for the preparation of a Korean style thirst-quenching beverage containing bacteriocin.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.247-261
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• 2014

In this study, it investigates the highly controversial issue "low carbon car subsidy". Through the policy's intent, purpose, and necessity, it aims to present alternatives for automotive industry development. Introducing the low carbon car subsidy will bring a huge change to the vehicle purchase practices by changing vehicle purchase cost. It expects that this change will reduce greenhouse gas emission from vehicles. For successful settlement of the system, it shall set up the target sections for subsidy and levy appropriately in order to get the nation's consensus. Additionally, it has to conduct sufficient reviews the measures such as adjustment to the existing auto tax, divided payments of burden charge, etc before enforcing the system. In terms of the automobile industry, it must do their level best in technical development in order to meet the carbon dioxide emission level of imported cars until the enforcement. Also, the government has to strengthen its support to the industry.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.759-764
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• 2020

As the paradigm of manufacturing and production is also changing in line with the fourth industrial revolution, the social demands and directions for Industry 4.0 cannot be reversed, and the scalability and universality of 3D printing technology are attracting attention. 3D printer is a technology developed for the purpose of reducing product development costs, and with the recent expiration of 3D printer technology patent, related technology has been revealed and various technologies applied are being researched and developed, and various singularities have been discovered and supplemented. Thus, to compensate for the inconvenience of the current output method, which requires direct offline adjustment of the machine in the use of 3D printers and 3D printing through direct input of modeling data, the design of the IoT system is proposed to perform real-time online output requests for multiple 3D printers, monitoring functions that can expect normal outputs, and online real-time remote management functions for multiple 3D printers.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.460-466
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• 2004

This study was undertaken with the aim to establish a reliable radioimmunoassay (RIA) system for urinary pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) and to employ it for monitoring the reproductive status of dairy cows. Urine and blood samples were collected from the Holstein cows both pregnant and non-pregnant. The samples were then investigated for evaluating the relationship between progesterone ($P_{4}$) in blood and PdG in urine adjusted with or without urinary creatinine basis. Biweekly urine collection was employed for three cows in estrous and those artificially inseminated, while urine from pregnant cows was collected on a monthly basis. P_{4}$ and PdG levels were measured by enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) and RIA techniques, respectively. Our results indicated the sensitivity of PdG for RIA being 35 pg/tube and the recovery rate of 100%. Urinary creatinine concentrations also fluctuated within a day, but change at midday was not noteworthy. Regardless of the time of urination the change in concentrations of PdG was relatively smaller and did not vary significantly. The urinary PdG concentration showed periodic changes as that with serum P_{4}$ levels during the cow's estrus cycle. The correlation coefficient rose when creatinine level in urine was adjusted but the change was also not significant. The concentrations of PdG during the luteal phase were detected between 8.2 and 17.4 ng/ml, three to five times higher than that in the follicular phase. The concentration of PdG from pregnant cows (21 days after conception) was three to four times higher than in the nonpregnant cows. Our finding suggests that the determination of urinary PdG could be reliably employed for early pregnancy detection. The urinary PdG level continued to raise until 30 days pre-partum while the concentration reached its peak at 30 ng/ml, after which it started to fall 18 to 30 days before parturition and finally fell to its nadir value one week after parturition. As the correlation coefficient between the urinary PdG and serum P_{4}$ was higher than that corrected by urinary creatinine it can be suggested that the adjustment is not needed. The concentrations of urinary PdG could be maintained stably for 2 days in urine samples stored at room temperature and extended to 8 days when the samples were pretreated by boiling for 30 minutes. In conclusion urinary PdG concentration even without the need for creatinine basis adjustment can be used directly for monitoring the reproductive status of dairy cows.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2021

Objectives: We studied for the adjustment of the patterns of 'The Diagnostic Tool for Climacteric and Postmenopausal Syndrome Pattern Identification (hereinafter CaPSPI)' (studyI) and the correlation between CaPSPI and Korean medicine doctors' diagnosis which was carried out without knowing the results of CaPSPI (studyII). Methods: The studyI followed the previous study method in 2018 (2018-3). The studyII was conducted from June 1, 2019 to July 10, 2020 with ◯◯ University Korean Medicine Hospital IRB's approval (2019-4). Doctors' diagnosis was conducted face-to-face with the subjects. Doctors' diagnosis was carried out based on the Kupperman's questionnaire, 'Diagnosis System of Oriental Medicine (hereinafter DSOM)' and four examinations (四診) records. The diagnosis was marked with 0 for 'no', 1 for 'somewhat', 2 for 'yes' and 3 for 'very yes'. The correlation between CaPSPI and the mean of doctors diagnostic scores were investigated statistically. Results: The studyI showed that heart-heat (心火) pattern was added. The Factor loading coefficient for heart-heat was 0.551 to 0.789, and the Cronbach's coefficient was 0.896. The studyII showed that the diagnosis (Kappa statistic) of two doctors showed statistically significant concordance (all eight patterns), with correlation of them were 0.3 or higher. And the correlation between the CaPSPI score and the mean of doctors' diagnostic score showed a statistically significant correlation, with liver qi depression (肝鬱) being the highest at 0.552 and dual deficiency of the heart-spleen (心脾兩虛) being the lowest at 0.301. Conclusions: Since the diagnosis results of CaPSPI showed a significant correlation with the diagnosis of Korean traditional medicine experts, it was believed that the CaPSPI results can be trusted and used for clinical purposes.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.452-458
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• 2016

The study on pH control at the themophilic solubilization (pretreatment process) was investigated in order to improve the methane gas production of two phase anaerobic digestion of food waste. From a batch experiment, it was observed that the solubilization efficiency was increased from 26.2% to 47.1% and 55.6% by the pH increament from $4.20{\pm}0.40$ (without pH control) to $7.00{\pm}0.50$, and $12.00{\pm}0.50$, respectively. However there was immaterial increase (8.5%) in solubilization efficiency when the pH was increased from $7.00{\pm}0.50$ to $12.00{\pm}0.50$. The two phase anaerobic digestion system was operated for laboratory scale experiment under the solubilization condition of pH $4.20{\pm}0.40$ (Run1) and $7.00{\pm}0.50$ (Run2). Higher soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentration were observed in Run2 throughout the system resulted by the solubilization effect at the pH $7.00{\pm}0.50$. The TVFA concentration in acidogenic reactor was 18.4 g/L which was 1.8 times higher than the result of Run1. Consequently the methane gas production was enhanced to 0.333 L/g VS in the methanogenic reactor, which is 18% higher than the result (0.282 L/g VS) of Run1.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.8-9
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• 2017

Soybean yield has been low and unstable in Japan and other areas in East Asia, despite long history of cultivation. This is contrasting with consistent increase of yield in North and South America. This presentation tries to describe perspective of breaking stagnation of soybean yield in East Asia, considering the factors of the different yields between regions. Large amount of rainfall with occasional dry-spell in the summer is a nature of monsoon climate and as frequently stated excess water is the factor of low and unstable soybean yield. For example, there exists a great deal of field-to-field variation in yield of 'Tanbaguro' soybean, which is reputed for high market value and thus cultivated intensively and this results in low average yield. According to our field survey, a major portion of yield variation occurs in early growth period. Soybean production on drained paddy fields is also vulnerable to drought stress after flowering. An analysis at the above study site demonstrated a substantial field-to-field variation of canopy transpiration activity in the mid-summer, but the variation of pod-set was not as large as that of early growth. As frequently mentioned by the contest winners of good practice farming, avoidance of excess water problem in the early growth period is of greatest importance. A series of technological development took place in Japan in crop management for stable crop establishment and growth, that includes seed-bed preparation with ridge and/or chisel ploughing, adjustment of seed moisture content, seed treatment with mancozeb+metalaxyl and the water table control system, FOEAS. A unique success is seen in the tidal swamp area in South Sumatra with the Saturated Soil Culture (SSC), which is for managing acidity problem of pyrite soils. In 2016, an average yield of $2.4tha^{-1}$ was recorded for a 450 ha area with SSC (Ghulamahdi 2017, personal communication). This is a sort of raised bed culture and thus the moisture condition is kept markedly stable during growth period. For genetic control, too, many attempts are on-going for better emergence and plant growth after emergence under excess water. There seems to exist two aspects of excess water resistance, one related to phytophthora resistance and the other with better growth under excess water. The improvement for the latter is particularly challenging and genomic approach is expected to be effectively utilized. The crop model simulation would estimate/evaluate the impact of environmental and genetic factors. But comprehensive crop models for soybean are mainly for cultivations on upland fields and crop response to excess water is not fully accounted for. A soybean model for production on drained paddy fields under monsoon climate is demanded to coordinate technological development under changing climate. We recently recognized that the yield potential of recent US cultivars is greater than that of Japanese cultivars and this also may be responsible for different yield trends. Cultivar comparisons proved that higher yields are associated with greater biomass production specifically during early seed filling, in which high and well sustained activity of leaf gas exchange is related. In fact, the leaf stomatal conductance is considered to have been improved during last a couple of decades in the USA through selections for high yield in several crop species. It is suspected that priority to product quality of soybean as food crop, especially large seed size in Japan, did not allow efficient improvement of productivity. We also recently found a substantial variation of yielding performance under an environment of Indonesia among divergent cultivars from tropical and temperate regions through in a part biomass productivity. Gas exchange activity again seems to be involved. Unlike in North America where transpiration adjustment is considered necessary to avoid terminal drought, under the monsoon climate with wet summer plants with higher activity of gas exchange than current level might be advantageous. In order to explore higher or better-adjusted canopy function, the methodological development is demanded for canopy-level evaluation of transpiration activity. The stagnation of soybean yield would be broken through controlling variable water environment and breeding efforts to improve the quality-oriented cultivars for stable and high yield.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.209-232
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• 2023

This study aims to estimate the export performance factors of Korean Steel Products to the EU and the expected changes in exports according to the CBAM(Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism). the factors influencing the export performance of Korean Steel Products to the EU were analyzed using a Gravity Model, and the expected export amount in the case of a Carbon Tax was calculated assuming that the CBAM would be implemented in 2026, As a result, it was empirically analyzed that economic growth, population growth, exchange rate and manufacturing production index of each EU country have a positive effect on exports in Korea, and it was analyzed that the effects of the single market and system due to the EU's economic community were also helpful in increasing exports but the Carbon Tax is imposed in 2026, reducing Korea's steel exports by about -3.6% to -5.7%