• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.594-600
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• 2005

This study investigated adolescents' shopping orientation and price perception according to socio statistics and their experience of internet shopping mall. We distributed the questionnaire to 411 high school students in near Seoul. In the order of high shopping orientation, they showed 'compare products', 'enjoy as leisure', 'shop loyalty', 'discount shopping', and 'brand shopping' orientation. In the order of high price perception, they showed 'economic', 'value', 'brand-quality', and 'price knowledge'. The higher in 'shop loyalty', 'enjoy as leisure' in the shopping orientation, the higher in the price concept of 'price knowledge'. Adolescents who have experience to shopping through internet shopping mall, have the higher enjoy as leisure, shop loyalty, compare products' in shopping orientation, and the higher 'economic, price knowledge' in price perception than those who have not. Socio-statistics parameters are found to affect adolescents' shopping orientation and price perception. Adolescents had average scores in 'shop loyalty', while they had high scores in 'compare products'. Thus, in order to have superior position in adolescent's market, detailed product specification and information are necessary to enhance their shop loyalty. Adolescents thought the price was economical, and they had less concept in 'price knowledge' due to their position. Unlike adults, adolescent's gender does not have effects on their 'economic concept. Male students also had high scores in 'economic concept' as much as female students did.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2020

In this study, the performance and antifouling properties of polysulfone (PSf) and polyvinylidene fluoride/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVDF/PVP) membranes in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) were investigated. The membranes were prepared via phase inversion method, and then characterized by a set of analyses including contact angle, porosity and water flux and applied in a lab-scale MBR system. Soluble microbial product (SMP), extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), FTIR, gel permission chromatography (GPC) and particle size distribution (PSD) analyses were also carried out for MBR system. The results showed that the MBR with PSf membrane had higher hydrophobic organic compounds which resulted in formation of larger flocs in MBR. However, in this MBR had high compressibility coefficient of cake layer was higher (n=0.91) compared to MBR with PVDF/PVP membrane (n=0.8); hence, the fouling was more profound. GPC analysis revealed that compounds with molecular weight lower than 2 kDa are more formed on PSf membrane more than PVDF/PVP membrane. The results of FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of polysaccharide and protein compounds on the cake layer of both membranes which was in good agreement with EPS analysis. In addition, the results showed that their concentration was higher for the cake on PSf membrane.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2001

A new intelligent home appliance is being appeared with overlap of telecommunication and home appliance technology. In this kind of product the user interface especially on screen display(OSD) and remote controller, holds a key post and is critical factor of performance and usability. In spite of this importance, the user interface is designed by circurt engineer from a viewpoint of engineering on the basis of his experience and unsophisticated insight. Therefore this study clarifies a user- centered design process of OSD from the designer's viewpoint on the basis of development case and gives a guideline for each stage in consideration of characteristic features that the user interface design of OSD is highly enfluenced by hardware specification and restricted by remote controller as input device.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.76-86
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• 2020

Technology growth curve methodology is commonly used in technology forecasting. A technology growth curve represents the paths of product performance in relation to time or investment in R&D. It is a useful tool to compare the technological performances between Korea and advanced nations and to describe the inflection points, the limit of improvement of a technology and their technology innovation strategies, etc. However, the curve fitting to a set of survey data often leads to model mis-specification, biased parameter estimation and incorrect result since data through survey with experts frequently contain outlier in process of curve fitting due to the subjective response characteristics. This paper propose a method to eliminate of outlier from a technology growth curve using M-estimator. The experimental results prove the overall improvement in technology growth curves by several pilot tests using real-data in Defense Science and Technology Survey reports.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.88-90
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• 2011

The IHO(International Hydrographic Organization) has developed the S-100 standard as a universal hydrgraphic data model for consistent use and application of various hydrographic data and sources, and is developing the product specification standards. The organization modified this standard to reflect the requirements of application parts, detailed the insufficient contents for products. In this study, the trend and recent requirement of S-100 standard were analyzed. Also, a method of managing S-100 standard was completed based on the analysis of S-100 application.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.179-205
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• 2005

This study reveals that the user industry has a limited role in being a source of technological capability in the case of the machine tool industry in Korea where the user industry is relatively more advanced than other capital goods industries. This study examines the sources of technological capability in terms of migration of workforces and flow of product development knowledge. Although the capital goods sector is generally regarded as being the sector where user-producer interaction is important, the user industry is not the seed-bed of technological capability for machine development. Users and producers interact in terms of expressing 'needs', mainly in the form of specifications. As a result of receiving unique specifications from users, the producer learns to react by making specific customised special purpose machines. The user's specification could include information o the imported machine originally used. When confronted with technical problems in developing a new machine, the producer accesses foreign sources of knowledge. This study's finding reveals that users of special purpose machines have a significantly clearer role in providing specifications than do users of general purpose machine tools. Most intensive interactive learning between users and producers in the production process is found in special purpose machine tools. From the empirical findings, policy implications are discussed.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-37
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• 1997

As the complexity in design and manufacturing activities of distributed virtual enterprises rapidly increases, the issue of process management becomes more critical to shorten the time-to-market, reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the product quality. This paper proposes a unified framework to manage design and manufacturing processes in a distributed environment. We present a methodology which utilizes process flow graphs to depict the hierarchical structure of workflows and process grammars to represent various design processes and design tools. To implement the proposed concept, we develop a process management system which mainly consists of a cockpit and manager programs, and we finally address a preliminary implementation procedure based on the Object Modeling Technique. Since the proposed framework can be a formal approach to the process management by providing formalism, parallelism, reusability, and flexibility, it can be effectively applied to further application domains of distributed virtual enterprises.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.742-752
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• 2009

Engineering design involves the specification of many variables that define a product, how it is made, and how it behaves applied to computer, communication and control fields. Before some variables can be determined, other variables must first be known or assumed. This fact implies a precedence order of the variables, and of the tasks of determining these variables consequently. Moreover, design of complex systems may involve a large number of design activities. In this paper, the activity-activity incidence matrix is considered as a representation of design activity analysis which mainly focuses on the precedence constraint with an object of doing IDEF3 in process-centered view. In order to analyze the activity-activity incidence matrix, a heuristic algorithm is proposed, which transforms an activity-activity, parameter-formula, and parameter-parameter incidence matrix into a lower triangular form. The analysis of the structured matrices can not only significantly reduce the overall project complexity by reorganizing few critical tasks in practice, but also aims at obtaining shorter times considering the solution structure by exploring concurrency.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.838-849
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• 2010

It is inevitable to control the systematic failure to obtain the software safety integrity of embedded software installed in rolling stock. Because it is not possible to assess systematic failure integrity by quantitative methods, SILs are used to group documentation, methods, tools and techniques throughout software development lifecycle which, when used effectively, are considered to provide an appropriate level of confidence in the realization of a system to a stated integrity level. Normally, safety approval process is through generic product, generic application and specification application for. For safety approval on generic application of software based system, it is required to apply the certified software processes from the planning stage for the assigned SIL. As such, we will develop project specific application with high safety integrity within time limit of contractual delivery schedule through software assessment to the modified area with the re-use of certified software module and documentation. At this point, Hyundai Rotem has developed software processes applicable to support SIL 4 based on EN50128 which was assessed and certified by TUV SUD. This paper introduces the Hyundai Rotem's detailed approach and prospective action to achieve software safety integrity level.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2016

In this paper, we present some results on No-failure accelerated life test of aerial vehicle for reliability demonstration. The design of general accelerated life test consists of the three phases: 1) Estimating normal life test time of a single product from Weibull distribution model; 2) Determining the acceleration factor (AF) by utilizing the relation between the life of mechanical components and the applied torque; 3) Calculating the accelerated life test time, which comes from dividing the estimated normal life test time into AF. Then, we applied the calculated life test time to the real reliability test of the flap actuating system, while considering the requirement specification for mechanical components and operating environment of the actuation system. Real experimental processes and results are presented to validate the theory.