• Title/Summary/Keyword: problem solving approach

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Automated Test Data Generation for Dynamic Branch Coverage (동적 분기 커버리지를 위한 테스트 데이터 자동 생성)

  • Chung, In Sang
    • KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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    • v.2 no.7
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    • pp.451-460
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    • 2013
  • In order to achieve high test coverage, it is usual to generate test data using various techniques including symbolic execution, data flow analysis or constraints solving. Recently, a technique for automated test data generation that fulfills high coverage effectively without those sophisticated means has been proposed. However, the technique shows its weakness in the generation of test data that leads to high coverage for programs having branch conditions where different memory locations are binded during execution. For certain programs with flag conditions, in particular, high coverage can not be achieved because specific branches are not executed. To address the problem, this paper presents dynamic branch coverage criteria and a test data generation technique based on the notion of dynamic branch. It is shown that the proposed technique compared to the previous approach is more effective by conducting experiments involving programs with flag conditions.

A Study on the Principles of Good Faith under International Transaction -Focused on the CISG- (국제거래상 신의성실의 원칙에 관한 연구 - CISG를 중심으로 -)

  • Han, Nak-Hyun
    • THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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    • v.46
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    • pp.61-104
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this work aims to analyse the principles of good faith under international transaction with CLOUT and UNILEX cases. Article 7(1) CISG sets the stage for the interpretation by promoting a uniform approach using good faith and the international charter of the convention. In other words, article 7(1) defines the purpose and the principle of interpretation and is applied to the Convention as a whole. As such, it also includes article 7(2), which goes beyond the big picture and settles the problems of gap filling. It is also important to understanding that the mandate of the CISG is to look for a solution, which is not only restricted to interpretation but extends to solving a problem. The problem in this work is to find out how gap filling is achieved and, because of the autonomous mandate of interpretation, to explain and understand its relationship with domestic law. The solution to the interpretation of article 7(2) must be found within the four corners of the CISG. To restate, article 7(2) describes two situations where gap filling is needed. First, if the matter is governed by the Convention but not expressly settled, then a gap must be filled in conformity with general principles on which it is based. Second, if the matter is not covered then the gap must be filled taking domestic law into consideration. There are two reasons why a matter may not be covered by the Convention. First and most obviously, it has been specifically exclude from the sphere of Application by the CISG itself, such as validity in article 4. Second, changes in business methods will lead to gaps. The United Nations has established a service known as CLOUT. This contains abstracts of hundreds of selected decisions of both courts and arbitration tribunals. And UNILEX is cosponsored by the Italian Centre for Comparative and Foreign Law Studies and UNIDROIT Contract Principles. The cases are in abstract format, but, when available, the full text of the case in the original language is also supplied.

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Prediction of KOSPI using Data Editing Techniques and Case-based Reasoning (자료편집기법과 사례기반추론을 이용한 한국종합주가지수 예측)

  • Kim, Kyoung-Jae
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.287-295
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    • 2007
  • This paper proposes a novel data editing techniques with genetic algorithm (GA) in case-based reasoning (CBR) for the prediction of Korea Stock Price Index (KOSPI). CBR has been widely used in various areas because of its convenience and strength in compelax problem solving. Nonetheless, compared to other machine teaming techniques, CBR has been criticized because of its low prediction accuracy. Generally, in order to obtain successful results from CBR, effective retrieval of useful prior cases for the given problem is essential. However. designing a good matching and retrieval mechanism for CBR system is still a controversial research issue. In this paper, the GA optimizes simultaneously feature weights and a selection task for relevant instances for achieving good matching and retrieval in a CBR system. This study applies the proposed model to stock market analysis. Experimental results show that the GA approach is a promising method for data editing in CBR.

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Detection of damage in truss structures using Simplified Dolphin Echolocation algorithm based on modal data

  • Kaveh, Ali;Vaez, Seyed Rohollah Hoseini;Hosseini, Pedram;Fallah, Narges
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.983-1004
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    • 2016
  • Nowadays, there are two classes of methods for damage detection in structures consisting of static and dynamic. The dynamic methods are based on studying the changes in structure's dynamic characteristics. The theoretical basis of this method is that damage causes changes in dynamic characteristics of structures. The dynamic methods are divided into two categories: signal based and modal based. The modal based methods utilize the modal properties consisting of natural frequencies, modal damping and mode shapes. As the modal properties are sensitive to changes in the structure, these can be used for detecting the damages. In this study, using dynamic method and modal based approach (natural frequencies and mode shapes), the objective function is formulated. Then, detection of damages of truss structures is addressed by using Simplified Dolphin Echolocation algorithm and solving inverse optimization problem. Many scenarios are used to simulate the damages. To demonstrate the ability of the algorithm, different truss structures with several multiple elements scenarios are tested using a few runs. The influence of the two different levels of noise in the modal data for these scenarios is also considered. The last example of this article is investigated using a different mutation. This mutation obtains the exact answer with fewer loops and population by limited computational effort.

An Optimization Approach for a Spanning Tree-Based Compactness Measure in Contiguous Land Acquisition Problems (토지 획득 문제에서 공간적 밀집도 측정을 위한 최적화 연구)

  • Kim, Myung-Jin;Xiao, Ningchuan
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.724-737
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    • 2011
  • The goal of solving a contiguous land acquisition problem is to find an optimal cluster of land parcels so that one can move from an acquired parcel to another without leaving the cluster. In many urban and regional planning applications, criteria such as acquisition cost and compactness of acquired parcels are important. Recent research has demonstrated that spatial contiguity can be formulated in a mixed integer programming framework. Spatial compactness, however, is typically formulated in an approximate manner using parameters such as external border length or other shape indices of acquired land parcels. This paper first develops an alternative measure of spatial compactness utilizing the characteristics of the internal structure of a contiguous set of land parcels and then incorporates this new measure into a mixed integer program of contiguous land acquisition problems. A set of computational experiments are designed to demonstrate the use of our model in a land acquisition context.

Enhanced Mobile Agent Scheme for RFID Privacy Protection (RFID 프라이버시 보호를 위한 향상된 모바일 에이전트 기법)

  • Kim, Soo-Cheol;Yeo, Sang-Soo;Kim, Sung-Kwon
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.33 no.2C
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    • pp.208-218
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    • 2008
  • We are sure that RFID system should be a widely used automatic identification system because of its various advantages and applications. However, many people know that invasions of privacy in RFID system is still critical problem that makes it difficult to be used. Many works for solving this problem have focused on light-weight cryptographic functioning in the RFID tag. An agent scheme is another approach that an agent device controls communications between the tag and the reader for protecting privacy. Generally an agent device has strong security modules and enough capability to process high-level cryptographic protocols and can guarantees consumer privacy. In this paper, we present an enhanced mobile agent for RFID privacy protection. In enhanced MARP, we modified some phases of the original MARP to reduce the probability of successful eavesdropping and to reduce the number of tag's protocol participation. And back-end server can authenticate mobile agents more easily using public key cryptography in this scheme. It guarantees not only privacy protection but also preventing forgery.

Opportunistic Scheduling Schemes for Elastic Services in OFDMA Systems (OFDMA 시스템에서 Elastic 서비스를 위한 Opportunistic 스케줄링 기법)

  • Kwon, Jeong-Ahn;Lee, Jang-Won
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.34 no.1A
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    • pp.76-83
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    • 2009
  • In this paper, we provide opportunistic scheduling schemes for elastic services in OFDMA systems with fairness constraints for each user. We adopt the network utility maximization framework in which a utility function is defined for each user to represent its level of satisfaction to the service. Since we consider elastic services whose degree of satisfaction depends on its average data rate, we define the utility function of each user as a function of its average data rate. In addition, for fair resource allocation among users, we define fairness requirements of each user by using utility functions. We first formulate an optimization problem for each fairness requirement that aim at maximizing network utility, which is defined as the sum of utilities of users. We then develop an opportunistic scheduling scheme for each fairness requirement by solving the problem using a dual approach and a stochastic sub-gradient algorithm.

A Hybrid Recommendation Method based on Attributes of Items and Ratings (항목 속성과 평가 정보를 이용한 혼합 추천 방법)

  • Kim Byeong Man;Li Qing
    • Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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    • v.31 no.12
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    • pp.1672-1683
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    • 2004
  • Recommender system is a kind of web intelligence techniques to make a daily information filtering for people. Researchers have developed collaborative recommenders (social recommenders), content-based recommenders, and some hybrid systems. In this paper, we introduce a new hybrid recommender method - ICHM where clustering techniques have been applied to the item-based collaborative filtering framework. It provides a way to integrate the content information into the collaborative filtering, which contributes to not only reducing the sparsity of data set but also solving the cold start problem. Extensive experiments have been conducted on MovieLense data to analyze the characteristics of our technique. The results show that our approach contributes to the improvement of prediction quality of the item-based collaborative filtering, especially for the cold start problem.

Constellation Multi-Objective Optimization Design Based on QoS and Network Stability in LEO Satellite Broadband Networks

  • Yan, Dawei;You, Peng;Liu, Cong;Yong, Shaowei;Guan, Dongfang
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.1260-1283
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    • 2019
  • Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite broadband network is a crucial part of the space information network. LEO satellite constellation design is a top-level design, which plays a decisive role in the overall performance of the LEO satellite network. However, the existing works on constellation design mainly focus on the coverage criterion and rarely take network performance into the design process. In this article, we develop a unified framework for constellation optimization design in LEO satellite broadband networks. Several design criteria including network performance and coverage capability are combined into the design process. Firstly, the quality of service (QoS) metrics is presented to evaluate the performance of the LEO satellite broadband network. Also, we propose a network stability model for the rapid change of the satellite network topology. Besides, a mathematical model of constellation optimization design is formulated by considering the network cost-efficiency and stability. Then, an optimization algorithm based on non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is provided for the problem of constellation design. Finally, the proposed method is further evaluated through numerical simulations. Simulation results validate the proposed method and show that it is an efficient and effective approach for solving the problem of constellation design in LEO satellite broadband networks.

A study on the service design using 360° VR prototype -Focusing on the Case of Public Service Design by Citizen Autonomy (360° VR 프로토타입을 활용한 서비스디자인에 관한 연구 -주민자치형 공공서비스디자인 사례를 중심으로-)

  • Yoo, Hye-Young
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.17 no.11
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    • pp.531-536
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    • 2019
  • The Ministry of the Interior and Safety amends the enforcement ordinance of the public service design method and applies it to the project tasks of each institution and cases of social problem solving and public service innovation are increasing according to service design methodology. This study is to develop the 360 VR content element in order to deliver the understanding and effective improvement of the service to the consumers in the process of problem discovery and the prototype that visualize the key solution according to the service design methodology. By applying it to the actual public service design project, it was possible to predict the result with high satisfaction after improvement. This paper is meaningful in that it proposes new approach and empirical value to consumers and contribute to the improvement of the service design process as a convergence study on the future service design using the 360 VR prototype.