• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.11-19
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to establish the assessment baseline of $CO_2$ emissions from building operations in the view of GHG reduction policy in Korea. The assessment baseline of $CO_2$ emissions shall be used in GHG policy and Carbon Credits in building sectors, but the assessment baseline has not been studied enough or established yet. Also, $CO_2$ emissions from building operations will be variable according to the building occupancy. Therefore the baseline will be different and this study aimed at the establishment of the assessment baseline for residential apartments and office buildings firstly. After reviews of BEER and international standards for building $CO_2$ emissions such as ISO and UNEP-SBCI documents, the analysis of BEER certification data has been pursued for 292 residential apartment complexes and 65 office buildings in South Korea during 2004~2012. As analysis results, the assessment baseline was set to 23.03 $kg{\cdot}CO_2/m^2{\cdot}yr$ or 1.95 $t{\cdot}CO_2/unit{\cdot}yr$ for residential apartment complexes, and 95.91 $kg{\cdot}CO_2/m^2{\cdot}yr$ for office buildings according to the BEER certification basis. Additional assessment baselines were calculated according to year basis, region basis, public and private basis, and GHG policy basis. Finally, the established baseline for residential apartment complexes has been applied for the pilot project in M district, Seoul, and showed 24.97% reduction rate according to the BEER certification basis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.209-217
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• 2010

The importance of performance management has been on the rise, which led to public sectors utilizing BSC performance management system as a tool for adaptability, effectiveness, efficiency, and reorganizational abilities by the public sectors. However, due to lack of fairness of evaluation of performance management, it is difficult to expect high level of acceptance by organizations. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to analyze the acceptance of performance management system by organizations via stabilizing the system within the organization group. The research will utilize BSC performance management system of private sectors to introduce the system to public sectors to show the correlation between fairness of performance management and acceptance of performance management. Theoretical background for correlation between fairness of performance management and acceptance of performance management was created through reviews of documents and theories focusing on performance management. The methodology of the research was shaped through surveying members of organizations of public sectors. To analyze the findings of the data SPSS was exploited to find the statistics regarding frequency, degree of reliability, relevance, and recurrence. To summarize the research findings, the perception of performance management by organization members of public sectors shows positive correlation between fairness and acceptance of performance management, also acceptance of performance management shows positive correlation regards to organization performance. In spite of the findings of the research, the fairness and distribution of performance management was not great. Limitation occurred due to lack of perception and knowledge of performance management of respondents of the survey.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.95-106
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• 2016

A new manual of System of Health Accounts (SHA) 2011, was published jointly by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Eurostat, and World Health Organization in 2011. This offers more complete coverage than the previous version, SHA 1.0, within the functional classification in areas such as prevention and a precise approach for tracking financing in the health care sector using the new classification of financing schemes. This paper aims to demonstrate current health expenditure (CHE) and National Health Accounts of the years 1970-2014 constructed according to the SHA2011. Data sources for public financing include budget and settlement documents of the government, various statistics from the National Health Insurance, and others. In the case of private financing, an estimation of total revenue by provider groups is made from the Economic Census data and the household income and expenditure survey, Korean healthcare panel study, etc. are used to allocate those totals into functional classifications. CHE was 105 trillion won in 2014, which accounts for 7.1% of Korea's gross domestic product. It was a big increase of 7.7 trillion won, 7.9%, from the previous year. Public share (government and compulsory schemes) accounting for 56.5% of the CHE in 2014 was still much lower than the OECD average of about 73%. With these estimates, it is possible to compare health expenditures of Korea and other countries better. Awareness and appreciation of the need and gains from applying SHA2011 for the health expenditure classification are expected to increase as OECD health expenditure figures get more frequently quoted among health policy makers.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.1 no.2 s.2
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• pp.9-38
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• 1992

In the study the documents in Ryu Hee-Choon's diary (Miahm-Ilgicho) from Oct. 29th 1575 to Feb. 9th 1577, for Kaeg-Chung(客聽) are arranged and analized. Ryu, Hee-Choon (Mi-ahm) was a civil minister in the era of Myung-Jong to Sun-Jo of the Chosun dinasty. This study would be one of the basal material for actually inquiring into the character of houses for the gentry in the late 16th century. Above all, the significance of this is that it study could show the details of the architectural economy, the organization of architectural society and the process of the supply of architectural material at that time. Craftsmen devoting themselves to this work are carpenters, artisans making roof titles, roofers and artisans constructing walls. And the content that are craftsmen of monks(僧匠), artisans of commoners(私匠) and slaves belong to government(官奴) is noticeable thing. In this construction work, monks in temples of the region and laboures commandeered by the government office are mainly mobilized. Except of them, private slaves and commoners mobilized by government office also devoted themselves to this work. But, it required more research whether this aspect could be the general character of the construction work of the gentry in the late 16th century. Architectural material, in the case of wood was cut and transported mostly from islands like Jin-do by labourers commandeered by the head officer of the region and monks. Superintendents seemed to come be non-specialists of noble families of the ruling class. So, it is thought that they managed mainly the manpower supply and administration. And some architectural ironworks, much provisions and marine products for labourers and craftsmen were proided by the government office of the region. This could be understood in the same context as above that goverment office of the region contributed to commandeering labourers and supplying architectural material in some degree. Carpenters and roofers took wages that is, about 7.7 pils(匹) of cotton cloth for each carpenter and 5 pils of cotton cloth and some provisions for each roofer. This would be a noticeable thing for researching wages of craftsmen at that time

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.2 s.216
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• pp.49-59
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• 2006

Mourning culture has tended to be reduced to mere empty formalities with more simplified regulations. Changes in modern life style make it difficult to perform extended mourning ceremonies and the venues for mourning ceremony have shifted from private homes to chapels of rest in hospitals or Funeral Homes. Mourning clothing, the symbol of filial duty, has gradually been changed in shape. The study purposes were to research in the shapes of modern mourning clothing through field study on mourning clothing manufacturers and to compare traditional mourning clothing with the modern varieties through the actual making of traditional male mourning clothing based on old regulations. The study of mourning clothing through actual making prevents transformation and provides practical research data. The study methods were inquiry into old documents, field study, and actual clothing making. The study results are as follows. First, in terms of shape, traditional and modern mourning clothing are different in Garyeong, Lim and Daehacheok of Choiui. In case of Choisang, traditional clothing has one central plait in its front and rear sides while modern clothing one has 3 single plaits in each side. Second, in terms of sewing, traditional mourning clothing leaves an exterior margin to sew up in Choiui and an internal one in Choisang. However, modern mourning clothing has various types of sewing and plaits depending on the manufacturers and all sewing is done by machine. Third, in terms of material, traditional mourning clothing is made of Korean hemp and features narrow width, while modern clothing is made of Chinese hemp and features broad width.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.39-49
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• 1996

Hundreds of contaminated sites have been generated due to the past mismagement of toxic substances, the lack of adequate environmental controls and ignorance of the potential environmental impacts of general activities in Canada. The general public, industry and governments have been addressing the contaminated sites with a number of cleanup responses. Environmental protection and remediation have become top priorities for the public and private sectors alike in Canada. Between the late 1980s and the early 1990s, the Canadian Environmental Protection Act and Canada's Green Plan were followed by provincial and territorial laws and policies to regulate contaminated sites. The National Contaminated Site Remediation Program(NCSRP) was initiated in 1989. It has been administered through bilateral agreements between the federal and participating provincial/territorial governments. They have committed a total of $250 million toward orphan site cleanup and technology development/demonstration over a five year period. The federal government has committed an additional $25 million to assess contaminated sites on federal crown land. Over 40 orphan high-risk contaminated sites, over 230 federal sites and over 35 technology development/demonstration projects have been addressed. The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment has developed a series of guidance documents to ensure a consistent and successful implementation of the Program. The management/regulation scheme of contaminated sites generally consists of： 1) identifying and investigating sites, 2) determining site contamination, 3) recognizing responsibility and liability, 4) assessing priority for remediation, 5) activation, evaluation and implementing remediation options, and 6) documenting remediation completion. The NCSRP supported the successful development/demonstration of a wide range of innovative remedial technologies. They are related to stabilization/solidification, thermal washing/flushing, advanced oxidation, sonics, and groundwater contaminated with hydrocarbons, PAHS, PCBs, heavy metals, and other hazardous pollutants in a variety of site environments.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.129-143
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• 2000

The Survey of Teaching Practice and the Factors of Satisfaction on Teaching Practice in Home economics Education The purpose of this study was to investigate teaching practice and factors on satisfaction of educational practice in home economics education of middle and high school, to provide information for improving educational practice. The subjects were 365 college students who had the educational practice in 1999. A questionnaire was used. The results were as follows: 1. Seventy on point eight percent of the subjects choose their teaching-practice school by themselves, however 25.2% of them was recommended by college. Twenty five point six percent of the subjects satisfied the orientation of the college, but 32.8% of them didn’t. Thirty four point four percent of the subjects indicated the form of practice documents was good, whereas 27.9% of them it needed more improvement. 2. Fifty four point eight percent of the subjects used their own research room. The orientation of teaching-practice school was good(36.4%) but 20.0% of the subjects dissatisfied. Eighty nine percent of the subjects managed the class as vice supervisory teachers, 46^ of them had example instruction, the number of subjects practised at middle school and public school were more than high school and private school respectively. 3. The score of educational expertise of teachers was 3.66 and the teacher educators’was 3.85 The score of educational expertise of the teacher educators who were in college of education(3.87) was higher than in general teacher course(3.77) at p$\leq$0.05 4. The score of educational practice satisfaction in the all subjects was 3.67. The factors to effect the satisfaction of the educational practice were the kind of research room, the orientation plan of the practice school and the management of the class, The score of the educational practice satisfaction was correlated with the score of educational expertise of teachers and teacher educators. and the agrresive attitude to the teaching practice of the teacher educators.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2009

The reform of dress regulation in Kapshin(甲申衣制改革; 1884) was the first dress renovation in 8 years after Chosun's port opening in 1876, and the key contents of that reform was the simplification of the formal dress and private dress. The reform in the culture of the traditional costume should require some kind of special experience because that culture had been regarded as the precious symbol of the Confucianism. The purpose of this study is to investigate the background of "the reform" and who proposed "that reform", by contemplating the costume and the thought of costume of the ambassador extraordinary(修信使) and the Inspectors detached to Japan(朝士視察團) who experienced new costume system of Japan sent by Chosun Dynasty. For this study, historical documents such as 'Sillok(實錄)', a sort of report("修信使記錄", "聞見事件") were reviewed and the evidential photos in Japan were analyzed. It can be summarized as follows. First, Kim Kisu(金綺秀, Susinsa) in 1876 and Kim Hongjip(金弘集, Susinsa) in 1880 wore the traditional costume of Chosun in Japan, and described the westernized Japanese costume in view of traditional costume culture. Second, the inspectors detached to Japan in 1881 showed the same attitude to the Japanese costume as the previous Susinsas had done. Third, Park Younghyo(朴泳孝), who was an ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary(特命全權大使) in 1882, experienced western style in Japan and played an positive diplomatic activities with western nations. It could be guessed that those changes in the attitudes of the diplomats might have the relationship with the change of Chosun, which began a treaty of amity between western nations after 1882. Afterwards, Chosun seems to have decided to reform the system of traditional costume into the simplified one in 1884, proposed by the diplomats who experienced foreign culture abroad including Park Younghyo(朴泳孝) and the mutual agreement in Chosun Government.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.155-175
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to establish a classification system for the records of the Association for the Bereaved Families of the Hampyeong Massacre Victims. The content of the records is accordingly implemented through a functional source principle, and a classification table is presented in such a way that it reflects the characteristics by type and by production period so that the records can be used effectively. DIRKS, a methodology for the development of the functional classification system, is used to conduct a functional analysis of Hampyeong massacre victims' families to derive a task classification table that leads to task function-work activity-handling actions. The category is determined by taking into consideration the type and nature of the time of the production of the records of the Hampyeong massacre victims' families. The records are mapped according to the function classification system, which corresponds to the task classification table, and the multicategory system that drafts the type and period, which is used to classify the functions. The medical institution introduces a system for classifying records into task subjects, task activities, handling actions, types, and period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.145-150
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• 2007

This study is a LCC case analysis on the school one of the BTL projects which is constructed by private organizations and rented to government. According to the RFP to make out documents, it is performed the case analysis based on the results of LCC calculation about maintenance & conservation costs; repairing costs and replacement costs. It is analyzed LCC on maintenance & conservation costs for 20 years(rent period) and 65 years(life cycle). As a result of LCC analysis, about more than 50% of total LCC are architectural works and the rest of them are machinery works, electric works, and civil works in the order. And it is also suggested some problems and their solutions to perform LCC analysis on the current BTL projects of school.