• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was designed to determine the effects of middle-aged men's family functionality and self-efficacy on their retirement anxiety, in order to produce methods to alleviate this anxiety, including providing basic information for devising programs that help middle-aged men get better adjusted to and increase their awareness about retirement. Methods: For data collection, the study surveyed 364 middle-aged men who were residing in B Metropolitan City from February. 10 to 25, 2017. Results: This study found that the primary factor influencing middle-aged men's retirement anxiety is self-efficacy, for which the explanatory power for the surveyed men's retirement anxiety was 52.0%. In contrast, family functionality had no effect on retirement anxiety. Conclusions: To make middle-aged men less anxious about retirement, a variety of programs must be created and implemented that help them improve their self-efficacy prior to retirement. Furthermore, these men should be provided with educational and intervention programs that facilitate their adjustment to retirement and increase their awareness about retirement.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2008

목 적: Fiducial Gold Marker가 삽입된 전립선암 양성자 치료 시 DIPS를 이용하여 전립선의 위치변화를 관찰하고, 전립선의 움직임에 따른 보정 및 양성자치료에 관한 연구를 하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2008년 4월 이후로 본원에서 양성자치료를 받은 10명의 전립선암환자를 대상으로 하였다. 전립선의 위치변화를 관찰하기위해 치료 전에 전립선에 3개의 Fiducial Gold Marker를 삽입하였고, 전립선의 움직임을 최소화하기 위해 치료 전에 소변을 보고, 매일 정량의 물을 섭취하며, Rectal balloon을 함께 시행하였다. 환자의 처음 치료자세는 CT 모의치료 때와 같고, DIPS (Digital Image Positioning System)를 이용하여 AP, Lat 촬영을 하여 얻은 영상과 치료계획에서 얻은 PA, Lat 영상을 비교하여, Fiducial Gold Marker 위치변화(X, Y, Z) 관찰하였고, 이에 따른 보정 후에 양성자치료를 시행하였다. 결 과: 치료계획에서 얻은 영상과 DIPS를 이용하여 얻은 영상의 각각의 Fiducial Gold Marker의 위치변화 차이는 10명 환자에 있어서 치료 중심을 기준으로 평균 X축: $\pm$0.116 cm, Y축: $\pm$0.19 cm, Z축: $\pm$0.176 cm이었다. 10명의 환자 중 X축으로 최고 RT: 0.24 cm, 최저 RT: 0.04 cm의 위치변화 차이가 나타났고, Y축으로 최고 Sup: 0.42 cm, 최저 Inf: 0.03 cm 위치변화 차이가 나타났고, Z축으로 최고 Ant: 0.35 cm, 최저 Post: 0.05 cm의 위치변화 차이가 관찰되었다. 결 론: 전립선의 움직임을 최소화 하기위해 치료 전에 전처치로 소변을 보고, 매일 정량의 물을 섭취하며, Rectal balloon을 시행하였으나, 모든 환자의 경우에서 전립선에 삽입된 3개의 Fiducial Gold Marker의 매일 움직임을 관찰할 수 있었다. 위 자료를 바탕으로 보다 정확한 치료 중심 설정이 요구되는 양성자치료에서 Gold Marker Matching System의 필요성을 확인할 수 있었으며, 본 연구에서 사용된 DIPS를 이용하여 전립선의 위치변화에 따른 치료 중심을 보정함으로써 보다 정밀한 양성자치료 효과를 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권6D호
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• pp.755-764
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• 2011

현재 주차장 내 주차단위구획과 차로너비 규정의 경우 주차장법 시행규칙의 '주차장 구조 및 설치기준'에 의거하여 계획설치되고 있다. 그러나 최근 RV차량 및 대형승용차가 급속히 증가하는 추세에서, 기존의 주차단위구획의 설치기준으로는 주차시 발생하는 차량훼손 민원, 주차장 이용자의 통행불편, 주차장 유지 관리 등의 문제를 해소하기 힘든 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 현실에 적합한 주차단위구획과 차로너비 규정의 재정비가 필요하다는 판단 하에, 최근 증가하는 국내 외 RV차량 및 대형승용차의 차량제원, 최소 회전반경, 주차시 운전자 주행행태 등을 고려하여 주차단위구획 및 차로너비를 산정하였다. 산정된 주차단위구획 및 차로너비를 국외 사례와 비교 분석한 후, 기존보다 확대된 주차단위구획 및 차로너비를 이용하여 주차시 운전자의 편의성 및 비용적 측면을 고려한 최적의 개선방안을 제시하였다. 또한, 교통안전을 고려한 주차단위구획과 차로너비의 개선방안, 그리고 차종별 주차계획 방법을 제시하였다. 주차장 내 원활한 차량소통과 안전을 도모한 주차계획단위 산정 및 주차계획 방법을 제시함으로써, 향후 주차장의 구조, 설치기준의 정립과 주차장 교통안전 개선에 이바지할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.114-123
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• 2018

한국의 수출지원정책은 1997년 IMF 외환위기를 계기로 중소기업 중심으로 전환한 이후 중소기업수출액이 2011년 최초로 1,000억 달러를 초과하는 양적 성장을 거두었으나 이후 정체 수준을 보여 왔다. 이와 같은 정체의 배경에는 수출지원정책이 수출경쟁력 제고에 크게 기여하지 못한 측면도 존재하는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 중소수출기업의 수출기반확충과 수출경쟁력 제고를 위하여 2010년 이후의 주요 선행연구를 중심으로 지원정책의 문제점을 분석하고 문제점 개선을 위한 효율화 방안을 도출하였다. 연구 결과 수출지원정책의 효율화를 위해 첫째, 수출지원기관 간 기능조정과 통합, 수출단계별 지원주체의 조정, 중소기업청과 지방자치단체의 역할조정 등에 대한 검토가 필요하다. 둘째, 기업 맞춤형 지원시스템의 구축이 필요하다. 셋째, 지원기관의 인력확보 및 전문성 제고를 위해서는 무역회사 퇴직 인력 또는 청년인턴제도의 검토가 필요하다. 넷째, 일정규모 이상의 지원사업에 대하여는 외부평가의 비중을 높이고 정량평가와 정성평가 모두가 가능한 균형 잡힌 지표의 개발이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.350-357
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• 2017

Purpose: In-situ monitoring of water quality is fundamental to most environmental applications. The high cost and long delays of conventional laboratory methods used to determine water quality, including on-site sampling and chemical analysis, have limited their use in efficiently managing water sources while preventing environmental pollution. The objective of this study was to develop an on-site water monitoring system consisting mainly of an Arduino board and a sensor array of multiple ion selective electrodes (ISEs) to measure the concentration of $NO_3$ ions. Methods: The developed system includes a combination of three ISEs, double-junction reference electrode, solution container, sampling system consisting of three pumps and solenoid valves, signal processing circuit, and an Arduino board for data acquisition and system control. Prior to each sample measurement, a two-point normalization method was applied for a sensitivity adjustment followed by an offset adjustment to minimize the potential drift that could occur during continuous measurement and standardize the response of multiple electrodes. To investigate its utility in on-site nitrate monitoring, the prototype was tested in a facility where drinking water was collected from a water supply source. Results: Differences in the electric potentials of the $NO_3$ ISEs between 10 and $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $NO_3$ concentration levels were nearly constant with negative sensitivities of 58 to 62 mV during the period of sample measurement, which is representative of a stable electrode response. The $NO_3$ concentrations determined by the ISEs were almost comparable to those obtained with standard instruments within 15% relative errors. Conclusions: The use of the developed on-site nitrate monitoring system based on automatic sampling and two-point normalization was feasible for detecting abrupt changes in nitrate concentration at various water supply sites, showing a maximum difference of $4.2mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ from an actual concentration of $14mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1636-1643
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• 2012

Enzymatic pre-bleaching by modification of pulp fibers with xylanases is an attractive approach to reduce the consumption of toxic bleaching chemicals in the paper industry. In this study, an alkaliphilic endoxylanase gene was isolated from metagenomic DNA of a structurally stable thermophilic lignocellulose-degrading microbial consortium using amplification with conserved glycosyl hydrolase family 10 primers and subsequent genome walking. The full-length xylanase showed 78% sequence identity to an endo-${\beta}$-1,4-xylanase of Clostridium phytofermentans and was expressed in a mature form with an N-terminal His6 tag fusion in Escherichia coli. The recombinant xylanase Xyn3F was thermotolerant and alkaliphilic, working optimally at $65-70^{\circ}C$ with an optimal pH at 9-10 and retaining >80% activity at pH 9, $60^{\circ}C$ for 1 h. Xyn3F showed a $V_{max}$ of 2,327 IU/mg and $K_m$ of 3.5 mg/ml on birchwood xylan. Pre-bleaching of industrial eucalyptus pulp with no prior pH adjustment (pH 9) using Xyn3F at 50 IU/g dried pulp led to 4.5-5.1% increase in final pulp brightness and 90.4-102.4% increase in whiteness after a single-step hypochlorite bleaching over the untreated pulp, which allowed at least 20% decrease in hypochlorite consumption to achieve the same final bleaching indices. The alkaliphilic xylanase is promising for application in an environmentally friendly bleaching step of kraft and soda pulps with no requirement for pH adjustment, leading to improved economic feasibility of the process.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.541-548
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• 2021

최근 농업, 산림관리, 해안환경 모니터링 등 다양한 분야에서 다분광 카메라의 활용, 특히 드론에 탑재되어 활용되는 사례가 증대되고 있다. 산출되는 다분광 영상은 위치정보를 위해 주로 드론에 탑재된 GPS (Global Positioning System)나 IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) 센서를 이용해 지리참조(georeferencing)되는데, 보다 높은 정확도를 위해서는 직접 측량한 지상 기준점을 이용하기도 한다. 하지만, 직접 측량에 드는 비용 및 시간으로 인해 또는 직접 접근이 어려운 지역에 대해서는 지상 참조값을 활용하지 않고 지리참조를 수행해야하는 경우가 자주 발생하게 된다. 본 연구는 지상기준점이 가용하지 않은 경우에 다분광카메라로부터의 영상의 지리참조 정밀도를 향상시키기 위해 같이 탑재된 고해상도 RGB카메라의 영상을 활용하는 방안에 대하여 연구한다. 드론 영상은 우선 번들조정을 통해 카메라의 외부표정 요소를 추정하였고, 이를 지상 기준점을 이용한 경우의 외부표정 및 위치결과와 비교하였다. 실험결과, 고해상도 영상을 포함하여 번들조정을 하게 될 경우, 다분광 카메라 영상을 단독으로 활용할 때보다, 다분광 카메라 영상의 지리참조 오차가 비약적으로 감소하였음을 확인하였다. 추가로 한 지상 지점에서 드론으로의 방향각을 추정할 때의 오차를 분석한 결과, 마찬가지로 고해상도 RGB영상을 포함하여 번들조정하게 되면 기존의 방향각 오차가 한 단위이상 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경농학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경농학회 2009년도 정기총회 및 국제심포지엄
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• pp.3-18
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• 2009

It is difficult for consumers to satisfy high safety request with post-management method such as inspection and surveillance, as various changes in-and-out of the country associated with food safety. In terms of food safety problems related to foods, it is crucial to recognize public health and consumer protection and construct pre-preventive Food Control System. A joint committee, FAO/WHO made the following consultations to the National Food Safety System. ${\circ}$ Approach entirely from farm to table ${\circ}$ Get ready for Risk Analysis System ${\circ}$ Secure transparency ${\circ}$ Establish the optimal policy by evaluating the effect of regulation When it comes to summarizing the consultation, it would be accumulated as two key words; "Efficiency" and "Credibility". Whereas the problem of efficiency focuses on precaution rather than post-management, it requires policy option to maximize consumer's benefit by evaluating the cost for the Food Safety Management and its benefit. Also, analyzing risk's character and amount, demanding an optimal means, and introducing scientific analysis system put much value on the stakeholder's communications are procedure's security which can satisfy both "Efficiency" and "Credibility" simultaneously. Especially, it is emphasized here that Risk Assessment need to be separated from Risk Management. This action is a valid means of credibility security throughout improving transparency. A number of nations and organizations have reformed the method of food management passing through reflection and examination of the prior National Food Safety Management since BSE occurred in Britain, 1996. FSA; Food Standard Agency, AFFSA, EFSA, BfR, and FSC are Risk Assessment Organization functionally separated from Risk Management Organization, JECFA, JMCFA, JMPR, JEMRA in Codex charge Risk Assessment internationally. In case of advanced countries excluding several those such as The U.S. and so forth, though these Risk Assessment Organizations are either separated functionally within Risk Management Organization or operated as apart organ, common factors are in which it has independence as Science Base. While securing independence of Risk Assessment Function, it is a tendency Risk Management should be functionally unified into efficiency as well. Though Germany constructs integral Risk Management System of diverse ways according to social and political conditions of each country such as GFOCP, DVFA, SNFA, CFIS and AQIS, there is a key word in the center, "Securing efficiency of Food Safety Management". However our nation has a representative plural；diversified system with The U.S., we took a step forward for unification as empowering policy's generalization；adjustment and Risk Assessment Function by means of enacting the "Food Safety Fundamental Law" in 2008 and establishing the "Food Safety Policy Commission" with private and governmental sectors in the Prime Minister's office. Even though the unification of Risk Management hereby increased, there is the lack of strengthening function of Risk Assessment and securing independence. It needs to be required for the professional committee in Food Safety Policy Commission to develop as a exclusive office of Risk Assessment by separating from a policy decision. Administrative Branches should reinforce feeble functions such as fundamental investigation；research for carrying out Risk Assessment with securing efficiency throughout reassessment of prior Risk Management Means.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제47권8호
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• pp.479-486
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to show the clinical results of combination of Nd-YAP (1340nm) laser therapy with conventional endodontic and periodontal treatment. Materials and Methods: Four patients with chronic advanced periodontitis and endodontic infection were treated with conventional treatment and Nd-YAP laser therapy. Occlusal adjustment and splinting were done for stabilization of the teeth with severe horizontal and vertical mobility. The protocol for periodontal treatment was followed as scaling and root planing, pocket irrigation with 3% $H_2O_2$ and exposure of Nd-YAP laser using 320${\mu}m$ optical fiber with 160mJ/pluse, 30Hz. The other protocol for endodontic treatment was followed as access opening, canal preparation by hand and rotary instrument, canal filling, and exposure of Nd-YAP laser using 200${\mu}m$ optical fiber with 200mJ/pluse, 10Hz and 180mJ/pluse, 5Hz which were used respectively for disinfection and canal filling. The assessments of probing depth, mobility, and radiography were made prior to and after treatment. Result: All of these four clinical cases showed good healing of periodontium, which presented decrease of mobility and pocket depth, and increase of bone regeneration and bone density on the radiography. Conclusion: The bactericidal effect of Nd-YAP laser would provide benefits for improving clinical results that are obtained from conventional therapy.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.300-306
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• 2013

Background: 6-year College of Pharmacy curriculum had started in Korea, and the students in college of pharmacy are supposed to have student practice in the hospital pharmacy, community pharmacy, pharmaceutical company and administration to experience the role of pharmacists in advance. However, despite Korean Association of Pharmacy Education provided its own teaching plan, most Pharmacy Schools and the hospital pharmacy have difficulty in performing the desirable student practice program because they seldom experienced it. So, we reported the student practice program in the hospital pharmacy conducted by Yonsei University College of Pharmacy prior to the other numerous universities and the evaluation of survey on the student pharmacy practice program. Method: Severance Hospital, Gangnam Severance Hospital and National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital took part in the student pharmacy practice program of Yonsei University. Students took 8-week pharmacy practice in Severance Hospital or Gangnam Severance Hospital plus 4-week pharmacy practice in National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital. Also, students had once-a-week presentation class at school. A survey was conducted to evaluate the student practice program. Results: The presentation class was considerably helpful to share their own experiences at different practice sites in different hospitals, but there were some disadvantages that students could not experience the specific pharmacy practice site on the day of once-a-week presentation at school and so on. The results of the survey on the student practice program reported that students were satisfied with the overall practice program and presentation class at school. Also, they answered that the student practice program in the hospital pharmacy was significantly helpful for planning of the future career. Conclusion: Through the performance of the student practice program in Yonsei University, the adjustment of the student practice program in the hospital is planned to provide better experience of practice to the students and the results will be helpful for the student practice in the hospital of the other colleges of pharmacy.