• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.553-564
• /
• 2020

In this study, a simple numerical approach for a circular tunnel opening in strain-softening surrounding rock is proposed considering out-of-plane stress and seepage force based on Biot's effective stress principle. The plastic region of strain-softening surrounding rock was divided into a finite number of concentric rings, of which the thickness was determined by the internal equilibrium equation. The increments of stress and strain for each ring, starting from the elastic-plastic interface, were obtained by successively incorporating the effect of out-of-plane stress and Biot's effective stress principle. The initial value of the outmost ring was determined using equilibrium and compatibility equations. Based on the Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) and generalized Hoek-Brown (H-B) failure criteria, the stress-increment approach for solving stress, displacement, and plastic radius was improved by considering the effects of Biot's effective stress principle and the nonlinear degradation of strength and deformation parameters in plastic zone incorporating out-of-plane stress. The correctness of the proposed approach is validated by numerical simulation.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 2011

본 논문에서는 생브낭의 원리를 이용하여 보/판/쉘 등의 구조물에서 응력분포를 후처리함으로써 개선할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 생브낭의 원리에 따르면, 주어진 탄성문제에 대해서 실제의 응력분포에 상관없이 합응력들로 문제를 기술할 수 있다. 현재까지 알려진 바에 따르면 유일하게 점근적으로 타당한 이론들은 Euler-Bernoulli(E-B) 보이론과 Kirchhoff-Love(K-L) 판이론 등이 있다. 많은 공학적 문제들이 이 두 이론들에 기초하여 해석되어 왔음은 주지의 사실이다. 하지만, 현대의 공학 문제들은 보다 정확한 해석기법을 요구한다. 본 연구에서는 자유도가 상대적으로 많은 고차이론 등을 사용하지 않고, 고전적인 E-B 또는 K-L 해석결과를 합응력 등가의 원리를 이용하여 후처리함으로써 변위 및 응력분포를 정확하게 예측할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였고, 이방성 보 수치예제를 통해 제안된 방법론을 탄성해석법과 비교 검증하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.92-96
• /
• 2008

An investigation was performed to predict residual stress redistribution for the crack propagation initially through tensile residual stress field. The analytical method, which is based on Dugdale model by finite element analysis using elastic analysis method considering the superposition principle, was proposed to estimate the redistribution of residual stress caused by crack propagation. The various aspect of distribution of residual stress caused by crack propagation was examined based on the configuration change of specimen. The analysis results show that the aspect of redistribution of residual stress caused by crack propagation depends on the width of the specimen provided that the initial distribution of residual stress is identical.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.381-387
• /
• 2016

본 논문에서는 생브낭의 원리가 근본적으로 구조물의 거동 예측에 잠재적으로 적용되어 있다는 점에 착안하여, 응력해석에 국한되어 있던 방법론을 자유진동 및 좌굴 문제 등에 적용하여 고전 보 이론의 정확도를 고차이론 수준으로 개선한다. 먼저 생브낭의 원리를 소개하고, 고전 보 이론에 의한 자유진동 그리고 좌굴해석 정식화를 진행하였다. 고전 보 이론의 변위장에 워핑함수와 섭동항을 추가하고, 합응력 등가(즉, 생브낭의 원리)를 적용하여 섭동항을 찾는다. 여기서 워핑함수들은 응력 평형방정식을 통하여 계산하였으며, 이 워핑함수들은 추가된 섭동항에 의하여 보의 응력 평형을 만족하게 된다. 제안된 방법론을 외팔보와 단순지지 보 문제에 적용하여 주파수 및 좌굴하중을 개선하였으며, 전단수정계수의 도입 없이 예측을 개선할 수 있음을 보였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.225-240
• /
• 1999

This paper presents a mechanistic approach to uniaxial viscoelastic constitutive modeling of asphalt concrete that accounts for damage evolution under cyclic loading conditions. An elasticviscoelastic correspondence principle in terms of pseudo variables is applied to separately evaluate viscoelasticity and time-dependent damage growth in asphalt concrete. The time-dependent damage growth in asphalt concrete is modeled by using a damage parameter based on a generalization of microcrack growth law. Internal state variables that describe the hysteretic behavior of asphalt concrete are determined. A constitutive equation in terms of stress and pseudo strain is first established for controlled-strain mode and then transformed to a controlled-stress constitutive equation by simply replacing physical stress and pseudo strain with pseudo stress and physical strain. Tensile uniaxial fatigue tests are performed under the controlled-strain mode to determine model parameters. The constitutive equations in terms of pseudo strain and pseudo stress satisfactorily predict the constitutive behavior of asphalt concrete all the way up to failure under controlled-strain and -stress modes, respectively.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2003

The finite element analysis was performed for the cracks existing in residual stress fields in order to investigate the effects of configuration of residual stress distribution to the fatigue crack opening behaviour. And the variation of stress distributions adjacent to the crack caused by uploading was examined. The finite element model with contact elements for the crack plane and plane stress elements for the base material and the analytical method based on the superposition principle to estimate crack opening behaviour and the stress distribution adjacent to the crack subjected to uploading were used. The results of the analysis showed that crack opening behaviors and variations of stress distribution caused by uploading were changed depending on the configuration of residual stress distribution. When the crack existed in the region of compressive residual stress and the configuration of compressive residual stress distribution were inclined, a partial crack opening just behind of a crack tip occurred during uploading. Based on the above results, it was clarified that the crack opening behaviour in the residual stress field could be predicted accurately by the finite element analysis using these analytical method and model.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2003

For the purpose of clarifying the influence of welding residual stress to the fatigue crack propagations behaviour, an analytical investigation based on finite element method is performed to examine the opening behaviour of tip-closed crack in the compressive residual stress. A finite element model comprised of contact elements for the crack plane and plane stress elements for the base material is used to evaluate crack opening stress of the crack existing in the residual stress field. Also an analytical method based on the superposition principle to estimate the length of opened part of tip closed crack and the stress distribution adjacent to the crack during uploading is applied to the finite element model. The software for the analysis is ABAQUS, which is a general purpose finite element package. The results show that stresses distributed on the crack surfaces are reduced and approached to zero as the applied stresses are increased up to crack tip opening stress and no mechanical discontinuity is found at the boundary of contact elements and plane stress elements. It is verified that the opening behavior of the fatigue crack in the residual stress can be predicted by finite element method with the proposed analytical method.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제21권7호
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2003

In this study, an investigation based on the superposition principle to predict residual stress redistribution caused by crack propagation itself initially through residual tensile stress field was performed by finite element method. The tendency in residual stress redistribution caused by crack propagation recognized both from the analytical results and experimental result was the residual stress concentration consecutively occurred in the vicinity of crack tip even the situation that the crack propagated to the region initially residual compressive stress existed. The software for the analysis is ABAQUS, which is a general purpose finite element package. The analytical method that attempt to take the plastic deformation at the crack tip due to tensile residual stress into the consideration of residual stress redistribution caused by crack propagation was proposed. The plastic zone size at the tip of fatigue crack and redistributed residual stresses were calculated by finite element method on the bases of the concept of Dugdale model. Comparing these analytical results with experimental results, it is verified that the residual stress redistribution caused by crack propagation can be predicted by finite element method with the proposed analytical method.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.349-358
• /
• 2023

Aim of this work is investigating effect of thickness-stretching formulation on the quasi three-dimensional analysis of micro plate based on a thickness-stretched and shear deformable model through principle of virtual work and micro-scale dependent constitutive relations. Governing differential equations are derived in terms of five unknown functions and the analytical solution is derived using Navier's technique. To explore effect of thickness stretching model on the static results, a comparison between the results with and without thickness stretching effect is presented.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.261-276
• /
• 2002

A novel, 6-node, two-dimensional mixed finite element (FE) model has been developed to analyze laminated composite beams by using the minimum potential energy principle. The model has been formulated by considering four degrees of freedom (two displacement components u, w and two transverse stress components ${\sigma}_z$, $\tau_{xz}$) per node. The transverse stress components have been invoked as nodal degrees of freedom by using the fundamental elasticity equations. Thus, the present mixed finite element model not only ensures the continuity of transverse stress and displacement fields through the thickness of the laminated beams but also maintains the fundamental elasticity relationship between the components of stress, strain and displacement fields throughout the elastic continuum. This is an important feature of the present formulation, which has not been observed in various mixed formulations available in the literature. Results obtained from the model have been shown to be in excellent agreement with the elasticity solutions for thin as well as thick laminated composite beams. A few results for a cross-ply beam under fixed support conditions are also presented.