• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.474-484
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to study literature research on the possibility of education for social justice. First, the principle and rule of education for social justice were unfolded on the basis of contents that education for social justice has to emphasize freedom, democracy, equality of opportunity, and economic growth, and has to be student-centered, collaborative, experienced, knowledged, and practical. Second, the curriculum of education for social justice were unfolded on the basis of contents that education for social justice has to emphasize skills for reading the world and skills for activism, and has to emphasize human rights, democracy, and reservation. And third, the teacher education for social justice were unfolded on the basis of contents that education for social justice has to emphasize care, justice, critique, anti-bias education, critical pedagogy, multicultural education.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.178-189
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• 2016

This essay explores the ways in which the philosophical concept of "original form" is expressed in relevant laws and regulations, the legal character of respective regulations, the way in which each regulation is applied in practice for heritage management, and the factors required for this concept to serve as a legally binding fundamental principle. The current laws and regulations on heritage maintain a consistent requirement for preserving the original form of heritage, both for the general public and for heritage professionals. However, the principle of preserving original form is expressed as a declaration or imperative without substantive definitions. Consequently, heritage administrators simply follow administrative procedures for heritage conservation, management, and promotion while failing to specify the meaning of "original form." For the practical application of the principle of preserving original form to overall heritage conservation activities as an actual legal principle, further provisions should be added for the purpose of clarifying the principle, with consideration given to the observation of fundamental principles for legal provisions, such as the principles of clarity, equality, and proportion. The principle of preserving original form still functions as the most necessary principle for heritage conservation and therefore should be reestablished as a refined and rational regulatory system.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.625-643
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• 2000

In this paper we formulate an optimal control problem governed by time-delay Volterra integral equations; the problem includes control constraints as well as terminal equality and inequality constraints on the terminal state variables. First, using a special type of state and control variations, we represent a relatively simple and self-contained method for deriving new necessary conditions in the form of Pontryagin minimum principle. We show that these results immediately yield classical Pontryagin necessary conditions for control processes governed by ordinary differential equations (with or without delay). Next, imposing suitable convexity conditions on the functions involved, we derive Mangasarian-type and Arrow-type sufficient optimality conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.44
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• pp.37-56
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• 1999

In clothing, a tendency of Bisexuality is in case of wearing clothing of the opposite sex, the mixing of modeling principle and characteristic of man and woman, the exclusion characteristic of sexuality that present sexlessness-the third sex. They-Designer Gabrielle Chanel, YSL, Giorgio Armani-give characteristic of man's fashion to women's fashion. However, the consciousness in design is different. Chanel apply principle of man's suit to woman's wear to express authority and power about gender image, hereby she express women liberation and equality of man and woman based on social ideology through fashion especially, she express women's sexual independency and self assurance to her clothing. YSL express liberal and bold women that pursuit reasonal and liberal life in 1970. As he apply tailoed suit's rigidity to women's wear, he made 'pants look' universal in women's wear through“Dress for success”in modern life. Armani apply successful modern image to women's wear, so he express women's image of confident intellegent as well as feminine image. He focus women's new image as man living liberal and indivisual life excluding social category rather than will of equality of man and women. Gernreich break sexual prejudice and release women freely, furthermore, as he express concern of sexuality pursuit liberty of mankind surpassing sex distinction with women liberty. Gianni Versace pursuit mix and extinguishment of sexual image many-sided, and break fixed idea of sex, and reprovide feminine and masculine image. So his design tend homosexuality because he regard women's glamor and ostensible sexuality as standard of beauty, he apply this to man's wear as well as women's wear. With this, he expresses sensitive and liberal man's that break characteristic of Gender that symbolize power and authority in man's wear through 'Without ties'.

• Acta Via Serica
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-86
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• 2019

Transnational exchange has been an inseparable part of both the ancient and modern Silk Road. This paper shows how Rumi (1207-1273), a famous Persian Sufi poet, travels along the Silk Road in the $21^{st}$ century. With the birth of a Rumi phenomenon in the West, Silk Road artists have rediscovered and adapted him for different purposes. Elif Shafak, the Turkish-British novelist and women's rights activist, espouses feminist beliefs in her bestseller, The Forty Rules of Love (2010). Benefiting from the views of feminist theorists like Woolf, de Beauvoir and Friedan, this paper reveals how Shafak appropriates Rumi for her feminist purposes. Forty Rules of Love's protagonist, Ella Rubinstein is analyzed, compared and contrasted with her former literary counterparts Pinhan and Zeliha, heroines of Shafak's previous novels. By adapting Rumi's definition of equality, Shafak shows how egalitarianism must pervade the relationship between women and men. The adaptation of Rumi's ideas regarding the equality of sexes finds a different dimension when Shafak reveals that all humanity possesses femininity and masculinity at the same time. By means of ideas prevalent in the ancient Silk Road, the five classical elements theory, and the yin and yang principle, Shafak portrays unity within contradictions. It is concluded that although individuals might belong to different typologies of the five symbolic elements of nature, they can at the same time complement one another's inharmonious personalities peacefully. The process of integration of female and male sexes can be expedited by opening up one's heart to a universal love.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.19
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• pp.193-211
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• 2005

Korean religionist have actively participated in the movements of national security and peace, human rights and dignity, freedom and equal rights, and other social issues. Recently, either progressive or conservative religionists have strongly shown their different approaches in solving social issues, i.e., national security and peace in connection of 'national security law.' A few religious leaders' public views have been misused by some politicians. It is important for both the religionists and journalists in religious newspapers how to bring a harmonious resolution among the people who are either in conservatism or in progressivism. Social participation of religionists is both to respond to the timely situation of civil society and to realize freedom, equality, and peace to the society. Although the principle of the separation of religion and state was established to secure both the right of politics and the freedom of beliefs, political groups have either utilized or suppressed religions. Some politicians have also wrongly applied separation of religion and state by excluding religious aspects in public schools. Religionists and journalists of the religious newspapers should not provide one-sided prejudice but to provide objective information and its righteous analysis to guide people in the right direction to solve social problems. Also, religious newspapers should open a field of discussion how to resolve some issues between the 'national security law' and freedom.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.55-67
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• 2007

A reference to natural prolongation appeared for the first time in the North Sea Judgement. Although it was not suggested that the concept of natural prolongation would automatically allow for the fixing of a continental shelf boundary, that concept encouraged States to request international tribunals to determine continental shelf boundaries on the basis of the geological and geomorphological features of the seabed. In the Libya v. Malta Case, however, the rejection of geological and geomorphological factors was total. Especially, Natural prolongation was the then checkmated as a relevant fact in delimitation between coasts situated less than 400 nm. apart. There can be no doubt that, in several disputed cases, prominent geomorphological variations are simply ignored ; nevertheless, there are also a few agreements where geological and geomorphological characteristics come into play and, to a certain extent, affect maritime boundaries. Physical characteristics of sea-bed are generally given serious consideration in the boundary delimitation such as the final negotiated boundary of the Australia-Indonesia Continental Shelf boundary Agreement(Timor and Arafura seas) which follows the continental slope bordering the Timor Trench.

• Review of Korean Society for Internet Information
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.52-57
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• 2013

Information and Communication Technologies(ICTs) have substantially enlarged both the opportunities to realize one's human rights but have also resulted in the emergence of new challenges. ICTs are so deeply embedded and cental to almost all aspects of human activity. And ICTs are assuming an increasingly central role in all aspects of human and societal development across the world. But this is especially true of the right to privacy, which faces challenges such as profiling and data mining for public(including national security) and private purposes. ICTs access is a fundamental right for all humans in the information age. So we have need for regulation based on human rights in the digital age. And governments have a responsibility to protect individuals against violations of human rights and data protection by public authorities, but also by private entities. In addition, internet governance and multi-stakeholder principle have to be stressed on all of the internet issues because internet governance is included in the principle of democracy which have bottom-up communication and equality. So it is very importance that Internet Governance Forum is the space for a meaningful discussion on public policy issues relating to the internet.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.861-869
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• 1989

The optimization problems, based on Pontryagin's Maximum Principle, for minimizing (damping) Xenon spatial oscillations in Load Following operations of Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) is presented. The optimization model is formulated as an optimal tracking problem with quadratic objective functional. The oen-group diffusion equations and Xe-I dynamic equations are defined as equality constraints. By applying the maximum principle, the original problem is decomposed into a single time problem with no constraints. The resultant subproblems are optimized by using the conjugate Gradient Method. The computational results show that the Xenon spatial oscillation is minimized, and the reactor follows the load demand of the electrical power systems while maintaining the desired power distribution.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.67-90
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• 2022

The March 2022 presidential election held at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic drew flak for undermining the principle of universal suffrage by failing to guarantee properly the voting rights of confirmed and quarantined persons. Guaranteeing their voting rights requires thinking about e-voting that can fundamentally overcome the temporal and spatial limitations of current paper voting polling stations. The question is how to deal with the increased possibility of contradicting or violating the principles of equality and direct and secret suffrage due to the expansion of universal suffrage. In order to obtain implications for this, we looked at the case of Estonia, which has been holding 11 national elections without any problems since the introduction of e-voting in 2005. Estonia was successfully building trust in the system, government, and society through the institutionalization and routinization of the overall socio-technical system of e-voting, along with political and constitutional agreements on the principles of elections. Therefore, we should not only consider the possibility of e-voting in terms of technological development and level but also discuss the establishment of trust by mediating conflicts between election principles from a normative point of view to reach a social consensus.