• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2005

The business market of architecture has got a system that controls a deposit according to the price function. This system is written on a law of contract about countries. So the main body of construction has to make a reasonable contract. This study is written about a rate of numerical index on controling a deposit. We tried to fine problems and solutions of labor expenses, instrument costs and material costs which is so big and changable on the construction market Labor expenses are expressed according to the rate of construction scale between direct and indirect cost that applies ability of works. Instrument costs are expressed according to an output method of a unit price annually and a weight allowance of local instrument conditions and use frequence. The last material costs expressed according to a local weight allowance make a decision of the material cost index. They applies locally relative index more than absolute one on what uses the price rate of producers and importations. This solutions are not enough to apply to the real market, so it needs to exam and to be on the market after a feasibility study.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.141-153
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• 2019

This study attempts to analyze the role of price discovery and the dynamic interdependence between KOSPI200 Index and KODEX Leverage(KODEX inverse), which are Korea's representative ETFs, using the vector error correction model. For the empirical analysis, one minute data of KODEX leverage, KODEX inverse and KOSPI200 index from April 10, 2018 to July 10, 2018 were used. The main results of the empirical analysis are as follows. First, between KODEX Leverage and KOSPI200 index, we found evidence that KODEX leverage plays a dominant role in price discovery. In addition, the KOSPI200 index is superior to price discovery between KODEX inverse and KOSPI200 index. Second, the KOSPI200 index has a relatively strong dependence on KODEX leverage, which is consistent with the KODEX leverage index playing a dominant role in price discovery compared to the KOSPI200 index. On the other hand, KOSPI200 index has a dependency on KODEX inverse index, but it is weaker than KODEX leverage index. These results are expected to be useful information for investors in capital markets.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2004

This study analyzes the structure of the variations In the domestic bank earnings and examines their dynamic features by estimating the short-run response and the long-run adjustment Process after the changes in financial market variables. A system of the equations for the bank stock price index and KOSPI is formulated to utilize the whole information in the market and simultaneously estimated to identify the relationships between the market variables and the bank earnings. Since the bank stock price is found to be responsive to changes in none of the market variables in the short run, while being relatively responsive to dollar exchange rate and business state, It implies that a good economic conditions and a stable foreign exchange rate should be maintained to Improve the level of the stock price In the long run. In addition, the dynamic structure of the responses of the bank stock price index and KOSPI to the initial changes in the market variable are compared and anlayzed. The response of the bank stock price appears to take much longer in adjusting to the long-run eouilibrium level than that of KOSPI. As a result, the cumulative response of the bank stock price index over time is found much bigger than that of HOSPI.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.13-19
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• 2013

Purpose - The paper tested the relationship between the stock markets of the Middle East and the USA with the oil price and US dollar index as threshold variables. Research design, data, and methodology - The stock price indices of the USA, the Middle East (Abu Dhabi, Jordan), WTI spot crude oil price, and US dollar index were daily returns in the research period from May 21, 2001 to August 9, 2012. Following Hansen (1999), the panel threshold regression model was used. Results - With the US dollar index as the threshold variable, a negative relationship existed between the stock price indices of Jordan and the USA but no significant result was found between the stock price indices of Abu Dhabi and the USA. Conclusions - The USA is an economic power today:even if it has a closer relationship with the US stock market, the dynamic US economy can learn about subsequent developments and plan in advance. Conversely, if it has an estranged relationship with the US stock market, thinking in a different direction and different investment strategies will achieve good results.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

UAE has rapidly developed into one of the leading global financial hubs, with significant transformations in its stock exchanges. In its attempt at economic diversification in the last two decades, the country has also taken a lead in the GCC region in introducing extensive reforms to attract FDI to the Emirates. However, oil price volatilities have posed a significant challenge to all oil-exporting countries. The main aim of this study is to explore the impact of economic diversification and oil price on the UAE stock market. The study applies Granger Causality and Vector Autoregressive Model on monthly Abu Dhabi stock exchange index, Dubai Fateh crude oil spot price, and FDI inflows during 2001-19. The short-term interbank rate has been included as a monetary policy variable. The results show a substantial difference between the two phases of reforms. Oil price and Abu Dhabi stock index show bidirectional relationship during 2001-09 but no causality was found during 2010-19. Furthermore, the second phase was characterized by unidirectional causation from FDI to ADX index. This study highlights FDI inflows as a key driver of stock market performance during the last decade and emphasizes the success of the intense reforms in the UAE initiated for the diversification of its economy.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.473-478
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• 2007

We analyze competitiveness of material and component industry(MCI) of Korea, China and Japan using trade data, OECD ITCS database with HS-code system. We use unit price indices, export unit price index, import unit price index, and TOT unit price index. These indices provide quality information from trade data of value and quantity. Our results show that there are quality gaps among three countries, and that China expand development potential, and the results vary as sectors. It implies that R&D investment to improve quality of MCI products is essential and that sector-specific policy is necessary.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.101-118
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• 2009

In quantitative contexts, data mining is widely applied to the prediction of stock prices from financial time-series. However, few studies have examined the potential of data mining for shedding light on the qualitative problem-solving knowledge of experts who make stock price predictions. This paper presents a GA-based data mining approach to characterizing the qualitative knowledge of such experts, based on their observed predictions. This study is the first of its kind in the GA literature. The results indicate that this approach generates rules with higher accuracy and greater coverage than inductive learning methods or neural networks. They also indicate considerable agreement between the GA method and expert problem-solving approaches. Therefore, the proposed method offers a suitable tool for eliciting and representing expert decision rules, and thus constitutes an effective means of predicting the stock price index.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.32-41
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• 2012

In recent times, multi-centralization and decentralization as well as large Capital area and suburbanization in the spatial structure of capital area. With rapid growth, urbanization and industrialization are unsystematic, and growth inequality between regions caused negative effects such as discordant centralization and decentralization, fluctuating land value, and gap between living conditions. Accordingly, this study analyzed urban spatial indexes by the self-governed body in the capital area such as Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi province for the analysis of the regional inequality phenomenon. We examined the characteristics of temporal and spatial changes in urban spatial structure in the capital area by utilizing the distribution pattern and density of city indexes such as population, employment, etc, and then drew the commonality of those factors through factor analysis. We evaluated the drawn results through the city standard index by each city, conducted factor score analysis, and identified the interaction between each factor and Housing Purchase Price Composite Indices index, housing rent price index(Housing Jeonse Price Composite Indices), land price fluctuation rate, diffusion ratio of house, and financial independence.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2023

This study aims to examine the effects of GDP as a proxy variable of income, consumer price index as a proxy variable of price, and foot-and-mouth disease and avian influenza as derby variables on rural tourism demand. The independent variables in this research were gross domestic product(GDP), consumer price index(CPI), and dummy variable(DM) such as food & mouth disease & highly pathogenic avian influenza. Results showed that GDP affected tourism demand positively whereas DM influenced negatively. The study suggested that it was important for policy-mconsider GDP and DM when making decision on strategic tourism management. In conclusion, first, gross domestic product was found to have a statistically significant effect on rural tourism demand. Second, avian influenza was found to have a statistically negative effect on rural tourism demand. The results of this study can be used to establish a reasonable rural tourism policy in the future economic dimension.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.321-339
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• 2002

The result of variance decomposition through yield of Treasury of 30 year maturity of USA, S&P 500 index, stock price of KEPCO has 76.12% of impulse of KEPCO stock price at short-term horizon, but they have 51.40% at long-term horizon. After one year, they occupy 13.65%, and 33.25%. So their effects are increased. By the way, S&P 500 index and yield of Treasury of 30 year maturity of USA have relatively more effect for forecast of stock price oi KEPCO at short-term & long-term. The yield of Treasury of 30 year maturity of USA more than S&P 500 index have more effect for stock price of KEPCO. It is why. That foreign investors through fall of stock price of USA invest for emerging market is less than movement for emerging market of hedge funds through effect of fall of yield of Treasury of 30 year maturity of USA, according to relative effects for stock price of Korea companies. The result of variance decomposition through won/dollar foreign exchange rate, yield of corporate bond of 3 year maturity, Korea Stock Price index(KOSPI), stock price of KEPCO has 81.33% of impulse of KEPCO stock price at short-term horizon, but they have 41.73% at long-term horizon. After one year, they occupy 23.57% and 34.70%. So their effects are increased. By the way, KOSPI and won/dollar foreign exchange rate have relatively more effect for forecast of stock price of KEPCO at short-term & long-term. The won/dollar foreign exchange rate more than KOSPI have more effect for stock price of KEPCO. It is why. The recovery of economic condition through improvement of company revenue causes of rising of KOSPI. But, if persistence of low interest rate continues, fall of won/dollar foreign exchange rate will be more aggravated. And it will give positive effect for stock price of KEPCO. This gives more positive effect at two main reason. Firstly, through fall of won/dollar foreign exchange rate and rising of credit rating of Korea will be followed. Therefore, foreign investors will invest more funds to Korea. Secondly, inflow of foreign investment funds through profit of won/dollar foreign exchange rate and stock investment will be occurred. If appreciation of won against dollar is forecasted, foreign investors will buy won. Through this won, investors will do investment. Won/dollar foreign exchange rate is affected through external factors of yen/dollar foreign exchange rate, etc. Therefore, the exclusion of instable factors for foreign investors through rising of credit rating of Korea is necessary things.