• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.365-374
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• 2020

In this paper, we analyzed how 5-year-old children perceive a robot's ability to attribute mental states to oneself and to others, which shall hereafter be referred to as a robot's theory of mind (RToM). A total of 34 5-year-old children were given two typical false-belief tasks, an 'unexpected-contents task' and a 'change-of-location task', in order to evaluate whether a child's perceived RToM was connected to their own ToM. In addition, we investigated whether a child's perception of RToM was influenced by either a priori experience with robots or that child's gender. The results are as follows. Firstly, the 5- year-old preschool children universally recognized robots as beings that have a human-like mind both in 1st order and 2nd order perspectives, which indicates that children perceive robots as beings distinct from mechanical toys. Secondly, a priori child-robot interaction experience was found to have a positive influence on a child's perceived RToM. Thirdly, the gender of children did not significantly affect their perceived RToM. This study serves to add to the macroscopic results of prior research, which indicate that children perceive robots as intermediate beings between living and inanimate objects: significantly, it analyzes the children's perception of robots through the lens of theory of mind, which is one of the key elements of cognitive development. This research lays the foundations for designing effective child-robot interactions, in situations in which robots serve as peers or assistants for educational purposes.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.199-211
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• 2014

The purpose of the present study investigated the types of humor styles of preschool children, as well as the relationship between parents' humor styles, their children's emotionality, and peer competence. For this purpose, the data on parents' humor styles and their children's emotionality and peer competence were collected from 203 children 3-5 years of age who were enrolled in 3 educational institutions for young children in the Seoul area, and from their parents. Basic statistical calculations including averages, standard deviations, and variances of the collected data were calculated for the analysis of the humor style of the fathers and mothers, and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the parents' humor styles and children's emotionality and peer competence. The results are as follows: it turned out that both fathers and mothers use social humor most frequently, and fathers use more humor in general than mothers. In addition, the analysis of the relationship between parents' humor styles and children's emotionality and peer competence showed that children's emotionality has to do with their mothers' humor styles, whereas children's peer competence has more to do with their fathers' humor styles. Finally this study found that parents' humor style has an impact on the development of children and provides a new perspective on positive parenting attitudes.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.985-994
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• 2009

This research is exploratory in considering the unique socio-cultural context of South Korea, where the present government is responding to the demand for English language training. The study asked the question: What do mothers experience when sending their young children to a private English institute, so called English kindergarten, instead of a regular preschool? A qualitative approach was used to analyze the in-depth interviews with 19 mothers who sent their young child to an English kindergarten. Mothers stated that their young child needs to be a competent English speaker. The mothers expected that an English kindergarten would prepare their child better for the elementary school English curriculum than a regular preschool. The study revealed that English kindergartens symbolized the precedence and the privileges of the elite because of their high tuition fees, native-speaker teachers, and small class sizes. The mothers showed a sense of pride and vicarious satisfaction from sending their child to an English kindergarten. However, the mothers recognized that English kindergartens put more emphasis on cognitive learning instead of the social development of children. It was almost impossible for mothers to communicate with the native-speaker teachers about their child. The mothers seemed to overlook their child's struggle to adapt to an English Kindergarten. The findings of the study raise issues concerning the boom of teaching young children English in Korea.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.777-788
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to assess physical activities and activity coefficient of preschool children and was to give some concrete information to activate outdoor play and to probe the suggestions to activate outdoor play. 42 preschool children (17 boys and 25 girls) were included. Body weight and height were measured and one-day activity diaries were collected by interviewing with their parents and kindergarten teachers. To measure physical activity during outdoor play, this study was researched the current conditions and content of outdoor play activity in daycare centers, and teacher's perceptions of that outdoor play. The average age of the subjects was 5.0 years. Average height, weight, body fat and body muscle of subjects were 108.9 cm, 18.9 kg, 17.7% and 26.8%, respectively. The subjects spent about 10 hours 39 minutes sleeping; 4 hours 16 minutes personal hygiene and computer working. They spent 88.2% of 24 hours (one day) in "very light activities" and 11.3% in "light activities". Activity coefficient (1.34) of weekday was significantly higher than that of weekend (1.21). And in this study, it was found that most of daycare centers (87.7%) have outdoor play space, 95.2% of them were garden. The teachers recognized that have a outdoor play frequency everyday (48%), three or four times (46%) in a week but they have three or four times (38%), one or two times (30%) because of various indoor program. Also, they recognized that have a outdoor play expending time 21-30 minutes (48%), 31-40 minutes (26%) but they have 21-30 minutes (64%). They answered that have frequency and expending time less than their recognition of outdoor play. Most of daycare center teachers perceived outdoor play to be as important as indoor play, and the teachers believed outdoor play supports children's physical, cognitive, social, and language development. The results of this study may be used to utilize as a basic data for estimate physical activity for preschool children and developed that exercise program to increase physical activity of daycare center outdoor play.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.33-51
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• 2013

본 연구는 유아의 또래 인기도에 따라 창의적 리더십에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 G시에 소재한 유아교육기관에 재원중인 만5세 유아 178명(남 98명, 여 80명)을 대상으로 선정하였다. 전체 연구대상 유아의 평균월령은 74.65개월이다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유아의 또래 인기도와 창의적 리더십 전체 점수, 그리고 하위 요소인 문제해결 리더십의 창의적 사고력, 개인적 리더십의 자기관리, 사회적 리더십 및 타인존중, 공동체 배려와 정적인 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 또래 인기도가 높은 상집단이 중 하집단보다 창의적 리더십 전체 점수와 문제해결 리더십의 창의적 사고력, 개인적 리더십의 자기관리, 그리고 사회적 리더십과 하위요소인 타인존중, 공동체 배려가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구의 결과를 통해 유아의 또래 인기도가 유아의 창의적 사고, 자발적인 자기관리, 그리고 대인관계 능력과 밀접한 관련성이 있음을 보여주며 나아가 유아의 창의적 리더십 증진을 위한 또래관계 형성 프로그램 개발의 기초 자료로 제공하는데 가치가 있음을 시사한다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.195-208
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• 2009

The main body of research literature on peer relations has focused on its effects on children's psychosocial and emotional development from preschool period to adolescence. Topics of the research generally consist of peer acceptance/rejection, friendships, and peer victimization. In the review of domestic and international research conducted since late 1990, research trends and issues are described in this paper. Findings suggest some measures in interventions, prevention, and policies in promoting positive peer relations. Some social skill trainings are needed for children to react appropriately in peer relations and get along with their peers. In addition, there is a need for differentiation of the intervention programs by participants' roles in bullying situations and gender of children. Moreover, a longitudinal research is required to enhance the understanding of developmental changes in peer relations.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2006

The early childhood is a pivotal period for the development of creativity since creative imaginary is rich at the age from 4 to 4.5 years old, The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between children's creativity, playfulness and multiple intelligence. 91 children(41 boy, 50 girls) attending preschool in jeon-ju city were participated in this research, The age of children was 6 years(average 73.7 months), After collecting the data to find the connections between children's creativity, playfulness and multiple intelligence from the subjects' data using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program, along with t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation in this paper. 1. There was significant correlation between children's playfulness and creativity. Intelligence spontaneousness the element of the playfulness has a correlation with Creativity strengths, Elaboration. In addition, Resistance to Premature Closure has a correlation with social spontaneity, And Originality has a correlation with the Expression of Pleasure the element of the playfulness, 2. There was a significant positive correlation between children's multiple intelligence(MI) and creativity, Fluency the element of creativity has a correlation with Interpersonal intelligence the element of multiple intelligence: And Originality has a correlation with Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, Intrapersonal intelligence the element of MI. In addition, Abstraction of Titles has a correlation with Intrapersonal intelligence. 3. There was a little correlation between children's MI and playfulness. The Expression of Pleasure has a correlation with bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, Based on the current study, the relationships between creativity, playfulness, and multiple intelligence could be identified. Especially, creativity was significantly correlated with playfulness and multiple intelligence of early childhood. Therefore, it was found that creativity of toddler might be essential factor for the development of toddler's cognitivity.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.517-528
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• 2010

The number of young children who attend daycare center, preschool or kindergarten and are taken care of by teachers during a day has skyrocketed in Korea. The purpose of this study was to analyze the contents of the research on infant/child-teacher attachment in Korea. Thirty five studies (5 doctoral dissertations, 24 masters' theses, and 6 academic journal articles) published from 1993 to 2010 were analyzed in the matter of the publication period, the related variables, and methodology for analyzing the data. The findings are as follows: 1) More than two-thirds of the research were from masters' theses. The number of studies conducted in the late 2000s doubled compared to that in the 1990s. 2) Each study on infant/child-teacher attachment had at least one related variable regarding social, emotional, cognitive or physical development, but not language. The studies on infant/child-teacher attachment related to social development have rapidly increased in the late 2000s. 3) The majority of studies were conducted using quantitative analyses and Attachment Q-set version 3.0. Difference analysis and relational analysis were most frequently used in many studies. There was only one study which was analysed with the advanced statistical methodology. The implication for a future study was also discussed.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

This study examined if the effect of family functioning on preschoolers' school readiness can be mediated by mothers' affective parenting and preschoolers' self-regulation in the year before children enter elementary school. This study analyzed the 7^th year data of panel study of Korean children collected by the Korean Institute of Child Care and Education. Statistical analysis included 1,513 pairs of 6-year-old children and mothers. Descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping analysis were conducted using SPSS 22 and Amos 20. The primary findings were as follows. First, the sub-factors of preschoolers' school readiness composed of children's social and emotional development, approach to learning, cognitive development and general knowledge, and communication were positively correlated with family functioning, mothers' affective parenting, and preschoolers' self-regulation. Second, the result of structural equation modeling showed that the indirect paths from family functioning to preschoolers' school readiness through mothers' affective parenting and preschoolers' self-regulation were significant, while the direct path was insignificant. Third, bootstrapping analysis showed that mothers' affective parenting and preschoolers' self-regulation fully mediated the relationship between family functioning and preschoolers' self-regulation. The findings provide the grounds for families and parents with preschool aged children to implement effective support practices to maintain a functional family system that can promote preschoolers' school readiness.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.129-151
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• 2015

본 연구는 유아기와 아동기 자녀를 둔 어머니를 대상으로 준전문가로서 "부모 참 역량" 컨설턴트를 양성하는 프로그램을 개발, 적용하고 프로그램에 참여한 어머니들의 "부모 참 역량" 증진 효과를 통해 프로그램의 효과성을 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 유아와 아동 어머니 14명을 대상으로 프로그램을 실시하였으며, "부모 참 역량" 척도를 활용하여 이들의 "부모 참 역량"을 프로그램 사전, 사후에 측정하였다. 또한 프로그램 적용 후 어머니들의 "부모 참 역량"변화를 알아보기 위하여 개별 심층면담을 실시하였다. 양적 분석 결과, "부모 참 역량" 컨설턴트 양성 프로그램은 어머니의 발달적 양육 역량을 비롯한 "부모 참 역량"의 5개 하위요인 모두의 증진에 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있음이 나타났다. 질적으로는 어머니들은 대부분 본 프로그램에 참여 후 자신의 양육 역량(양육지식의 변화, 부모 역할에 대한 반성적 태도의 태동), 자기체계 역량(어머니 자신에 대한 이해 및 존중적 태도, 남편에 대한 배우자로서의 자기 인식, 부모로서의 부드러운 시선 및 따뜻한 이해), 사회적 역량(지인에 대한 공감적 이해의 움직임, "부모 참 역량" 컨설턴트로서의 역할 시도하기) 등의 변화를 이야기하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 부모교육의 내용과 방법에 관한 시사점을 제시하였다.