• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2023

담배가루이(Bemisia tabaci)는 광식성 해충으로 토마토황화잎말림바이러스(Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus; TYLCV), 카사바갈색줄무늬병(Cassava Brown Streak Disease; CBSD)를 매개하는 해충이다. 담배가루이 방제를 위해 화학적 방제가 주로 시행되지만 저항성으로 인한 한계로 인해 종합적해충방제를 위한 고정정확도를 이용한 표본조사법(Fixed precision sampling plan)을 개발하였다. 표본추출은 토마토 식물이 50 cm 높이의 레일 위에 위치한 배지를 이용해 재배되고 있어 배지로부터 130 cm 이상(지상에서 180 cm 이상)을 상단, 70 cm~100 cm (지상에서 120 cm~150 cm)를 중단, 50 cm 이하(지상에서 100 cm 이하)를 하단으로 나누어 각 위치별 토마토 7엽의 잎 뒷면에서 관찰된 담배가루이 노숙 유충 마리 수를 조사하였다. 담배가루이 노숙유충은 이동성이 거의 없어 알에서 우화한 뒤 고착화하여 용과 성충 단계를 거치기 때문에 중단, 하단에 밀도가 높았다. 공간분포분석은 Taylor's power law (TPL)를 이용하여 도출된 TPL의 회귀계수를 통해 분석하였고, TPL 계수의 차이는 공분산분석(ANCOVA)하여 차이가 없어 자료를 통합(pooling)하여 계산된 새로운 TPL 계수를 이용하여 표본추출정지선과 방제의사결정법을 개발하였다. 개발된 표본추출법의 적합성을 판단하기 위해 분석에 사용하지 않은 독립된 자료를 이용하여 Resampling Validation for Sampling Plan (RVSP) 프로그램으로 평가하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.489-497
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• 2011

The proposed method for an effective assay of Cd, Cr and Pb in several polymer samples has been validated. The determination was carried out using ICP-OES after a high pressure asher (HPA) digestion at pressure and temperatures up to 13 MPa and $320^{\circ}C$, respectively. Polymer based materials were totally oxidized with nitric acid in a HPA chamber and determined by ICP-OES. Validation parameters such as linearity, matrix effect, limit of dectection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), accuracy and precision (repeatibility, intermediate precision and reproducibility) were assessed. The LOD and LOQ in the sample were ranged from 0.98 to 1.18 mg $kg^{-1}$ and 2.93 to 3.55 mg $kg^{-1}$, respectively, relying on the analyte. The proposed method had a good accuracy and precision for repeatability, intermediate precision with respect to days and analysts and reproducibility expressed as inter-laboratory study. The developed method was simple to use, suitable and applicable to various kinds of polymers.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제20권4호통권51호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to provide the standard method for the analysis of organophosphorous pesticides such as chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion and parathion in blood. We performed method validation for these pesticides in blood according to EURACHEM (A focus For Analytical Chemistry in Europe) guide. For the analysis of the pesticides, we used solid-phase extraction ,column (Waters Oasis $HLB^{(R)}$. After the extraction, the supernatants were evaporated to dryness under the nitrogen stream. They were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) after reconstituting with ethanol. Terbufos was used as an internal standard. To validate this method, we performed verification procedures with the following parameters: selectivity, linearity of calibration, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and quantification. Validation data according to Eurachem guide were adequate for our purpose for the analysis of chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion and parathion in blood.

• 분석과학
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2024

A transmission Raman spectroscopy-based quantitative model, which can analyze the content of a drug product containing naproxen sodium as its active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), was developed. Compared with the existing analytical method, i.e., high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Raman spectroscopy exhibits high test efficiency owing to its shorter sample pre-treatment and measurement time. Raman spectroscopy is environmentally friendly since samples can be tested rapidly via a nondestructive method without sample preparation using solvent. Through this analysis method, rapid on-site analysis was possible and it could prevent the production of defective tablets with potency problems. The developed method was applied to the assays of the naproxen sodium of coated tablets that were manufactured in commercial scale and the content of naproxen sodium was accurately predicted by Raman spectroscopy and compared with the reference analytical method such as HPLC. The method validation of the new approach was also performed. Further, the specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness tests were conducted, and all the results were within the criteria. The standard error of cross-validation and standard error of prediction values were determined as 0.949 % and 0.724 %, respectively.

• 분석과학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2018

Currently, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and titration methods are used for assay tests of tramadol hydrochloride injection and raw material in the Korean Pharmacopoeia XI (KP XI). Titration has also been used in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP 2013) for the assay test of tramadol hydrochloride, and the HPLC assay for tramadol hydrochloride raw material has been used in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP 39). In this study, we developed an alternative HPLC assay method for tramadol hydrochloride injection that is up to date and specific, and employs the same method as tramadol hydrochloride capsules. Validation of the HPLC method was conducted to determine linearity, precision, accuracy, system suitability, and robustness. The linearity of the calibration curves in the desired concentration range was good ($r^2$ > 0.9999). RSDs of intra-day precision obtained were 0.05-0.08 % and inter-day precision obtained were 0.08-0.19 %. Accuracy was obtained with recoveries in the range of 98.16 % and 100.90 %. As a result of the system's suitability, the RSD of both retention time and the peak area obtained were 0.07 %. The values of the plate number and tailing factor of tramadol hydrochloride obtained were 7076 and 1.16, respectively. Because of the intermediate precision and robustness of the developed assay, it is expected to become a valuable tool for revising the Korean Pharmacopoeia (KP XI).

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2009

이 연구에서는 SLR(Satellite Laser Ranging) NP (Normal Point) 데이터를 이용하는 인공위성 정밀궤도 결정 시스템 YLPODS(Yonsei Laser-ranging Precision Orbit Determination System)를 개발하였다. 먼저, 개발된 YLPODS의 성능 검증을 위해서 저궤도 위성인 TOPEX/POSEIDON과 CHAMP의 SLR NP 데이터를 사용한 궤도결정 시험을 수행하였다. JPL에서 배포하는 정밀궤도력을 참값으로 가정하고, 거리측정잔차(range residual)의 RMS(Root Mean Square) 및 결정된 궤도의 반경(radial), 진행(along-track), 교차(cross-track) 방향 오차를 확인하였다. 그리고 거리측정잔차 확인을 통해 검증된 YLPODS의 거리계산 정밀도와 SLR NP 데이터의 높은 거리측정 정밀도를 이용하여, 관측된 값(O)과 계산된 값(C)을 비교하는 방법으로 GPS(Global Positioning System) 데이터를 이용하는 GPS 기반 POD 시스템 결과의 정밀도 검증을 수행하였다. 검증을 위한 GPS 기반 POD 시스템 결과는 YGPODS(Yonsei GPS-based Precision Orbit Determination System)의 TOPEX/POSEIDON위성 POD 결과가 사용되었다. 관측된 값과 계산된 값의 비교(O-C)를 위해서 GPS 기반 POD 시스템 결과로부터 획득된 궤도 정보를 YLPODS의 초기 궤도로 사용하고, 첫 번째 반복 후 얻어진 거리측정잔차를 확인해 보았다. YLPODS의 궤도결정 수행 결과 TOPEX/POSE)DON과 CHAMP 위성 모두 거리측정잔차가 10cm 미만, 각 방향 오차가 1m 수준의 정밀도를 가지는 것을 확인하였다. GPS 기반 POD 시스템 결과에 대한 정밀도 검증 결과 TOPEX/POSEIDON위성의 경우 거리측정잔차가 10cm 미만으로 나오는 것을 확인하였다. YLPODS의 궤도결정 수행 결과에 비추어볼 때 GPS 기반 POD시스템 결과의 각 방향 궤도 정밀도가 1m 수준이 될 것을 예상해볼 수 있고, 실제로 JPL 정밀궤도력과 비교했을 때 1m 수준의 궤도 정밀도를 가지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 이 연구를 통해서 개발된 YLPODS는 향후 수행될 과학기술위성 2호와 다목적 실용위성 5호와 같은 SLR 데이터 획득이 가능한 위성의 SLR 기반 POD 및 GPS 기반 POD 결과 검증에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.869-879
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• 2020

Objective: To evaluate the performance of a convolutional neural network (CNN) model that can automatically detect and classify rib fractures, and output structured reports from computed tomography (CT) images. Materials and Methods: This study included 1079 patients (median age, 55 years; men, 718) from three hospitals, between January 2011 and January 2019, who were divided into a monocentric training set (n = 876; median age, 55 years; men, 582), five multicenter/multiparameter validation sets (n = 173; median age, 59 years; men, 118) with different slice thicknesses and image pixels, and a normal control set (n = 30; median age, 53 years; men, 18). Three classifications (fresh, healing, and old fracture) combined with fracture location (corresponding CT layers) were detected automatically and delivered in a structured report. Precision, recall, and F1-score were selected as metrics to measure the optimum CNN model. Detection/diagnosis time, precision, and sensitivity were employed to compare the diagnostic efficiency of the structured report and that of experienced radiologists. Results: A total of 25054 annotations (fresh fracture, 10089; healing fracture, 10922; old fracture, 4043) were labelled for training (18584) and validation (6470). The detection efficiency was higher for fresh fractures and healing fractures than for old fractures (F1-scores, 0.849, 0.856, 0.770, respectively, p = 0.023 for each), and the robustness of the model was good in the five multicenter/multiparameter validation sets (all mean F1-scores > 0.8 except validation set 5 [512 x 512 pixels; F1-score = 0.757]). The precision of the five radiologists improved from 80.3% to 91.1%, and the sensitivity increased from 62.4% to 86.3% with artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis. On average, the diagnosis time of the radiologists was reduced by 73.9 seconds. Conclusion: Our CNN model for automatic rib fracture detection could assist radiologists in improving diagnostic efficiency, reducing diagnosis time and radiologists' workload.

• 생약학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2010

GCSB-5 preparation is a purified extract from a mixture of 6 medicinal plants(Acanthopanacis Cortex, Achyranthis Radix, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Cibotii Rhizoma, Glycine Semen Nigra, Eucommiae Cortex) that have been widely used for the treatment of various bone disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate HPLC analysis method and screening of standard compound on Cibotii Rhizoma for quality standardization of a medicinal crude drug GCSB-5. Onitin-4-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside was isolated from Cibotii Rhizoma as the standard compound and identified on the basis of spectroscopic data such as NMR. HPLC analysis method for the determination of onitin-4-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside was established for the quality control of the medicinal plants of Cibotii Rhizoma species, GCSB-5 raw material and GCSB-5 preparation. And validation of HPLC analysis methods were conformed for verification of HPLC methods by check to specificity, linearity, intra-day precision, inter-day precision and accuracy following ICH guideline.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2008

A method for the quantification of eugenol in the medicinal herb Clove was developed and validated. For preparation of sample solutions clove was dried at $60^{\circ}C$ for 2h and ground by mixer and extracted with 95% ethanol for shaking extraction. The elutes were analyzed by HPLC system included a reversed phase column, a isocratic mobile phase of 60% methanol and PDA detector set at 280 nm. Calibration graphs were linear with very good correlation coefficients ($r^2>0.9999$) from $0.0125~1{\mu}g/ml$. The limit of detection per sample injection ($20{\mu}l$) was $0.81ng/{\mu}l$ and limit of quantification was $2.47ng/{\mu}l$. The method showed good intra-day precision (%RSD 0.08 ~ 0.27%) and inter-day precision (%RSD 0.32 ~ 1.19%).

• 대기
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2007

The precipitable water vapors (PWVs) obtained from Global Positioning System (GPS) and Microwave Radiometer (MWR) measurements have been compared for validation of precision of the GPS PWV at Daegwallyoung station for 21 days from Sep. 30 to Oct. 20, 2006. The GPS PWV is estimated using the delay of GPS signals due to the water vapor in the atmosphere with a local mean temperature equation, called HP model, and the MWR PWV by the combinational radiance observation of two channels (23.8 and 31.4 GHz). During the co-observation period, the MWR and GPS PWV show a similar trend, and the bias between the PWVs is 1.7 mm on average. When the bias is removed, the PWV of GPS gives good agreement with that of MWR, having about 1 mm for both the standard deviation and RMS error between the GPS and MWR PWV.