• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.468-471
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• 2009

Objective : The adolescent presentation of tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is well-recognized, but continues to pose significant diagnostic and management controversies. The authors conducted a retrospective study of clinical outcomes after surgical intervention in 24 school-aged children, adolescents, and young adults with TCS. Methods : All 83 patients with a lipomyelomeningocele (LMMC) underwent untethering surgery for caudal cord tethering between 1987 and 2007. The clinical charts and follow-up data were reviewed. Of these patients, 24 school-aged children, adolescents, and young adults with TCS were studied with respect to the clinical, radiologic, pathologic features, and surgical outcomes. Results : Untethering procedures were performed in 24 patients (age range, 7-25 years) for TCS of various origins (lipoma, lipomyelomeningocele, and tight filum terminale). Specific circumstances involving additional tugging of the already tight conus, and direct trauma to the back precipitated the onset of symptom in 50% of the patients. Diffuse and non-dermatomal leg pain, often referred to the anorectal region, was the most common presenting symptom. Progressive sensorimotor deficits in the lower extremities, as well as bladder and bowel dysfunction, were also common findings, but progressive foot and spinal deformities were noted less frequently. The most common tethered lesions were intradural lipomas, thickened filum and fibrous band adhesions into the placode sac. The surgical outcome was gratifying in relation to pain and motor weakness, but disappointing with respect to resolution of bowel and bladder dysfunction. Of the 24 patients with TCS, pre-operative deficits improved after surgery in 14 (58.3%). remained stable in 8 (33.4%). and worsened in 2 (8.3%). Conclusion : The pathologic lesions of tethered cord syndrome in school-aged children, adolescents, and young adults, are mostly intradural lipomas and tight filum. It is suggested that the degree of cord traction results in neurologic dysfunction in late life due to abnormal tension, aggravated by trauma or repeated tugging of the conus during exercise. Early diagnosis and adequate surgical release might be the keys to the successful outcome in school-aged children, adolescents, and young adults with TCS.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.63-80
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• 2005

This study examines the family concept and family-related values among pre-service home economics teachers. Questionnaires are completed by 242 pre-service home economics teachers. The results indicate that the respondents defined the family as a blood ties, a resting place, affection, and warmth. They tend to regard divorced, remarried, and adopted members as families, while classifying homosexual couples, members living together in a communal fashion, and great-great grandparents into nonfamily groups. Majority of them agree that it had better to get married or it depends on personal circumstances. In terms of cohabitation, they think it can be an opportunity to check the compatibility before marriage. Also, they perceive parenthood as a personal lifestyles, statement of social maturation, sound mind, and realization of morality. They agreed to divorce relatively high in case of unfaithfulness and relative troubles, but agreement of divorce was relatively low because of instrumental reason and psychological factors, The group majoring clothing and textile perceives the most negatively the influence of divorce to children. Further discussion and implications are discussed.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.135-135
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• 2004

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.977-987
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sensory integration therapy (SIT) on sensory' motor development and adaptive behavior of cerebral palsy children. The design of this study was quasi experiments with a non-equivalent pre- and post-test control design. Subjects of the study were arbitrarily chosen based on predetermined selection criteria among the cerebral palsy children who were treated as out-patients at two rehabilitation hospitals one in Seoul, and the other in Kyunggi-do. The study was conducted between early April and late July in 2000. Fifteen children were in the experimental group and eleven in the control group. The allocation was done based on ease of experimental treatment. A five-step SIT program was devised from a combination of SIT programs suggested by Ayres(1985) and Finks(1989), and an author-designed SIT program for cerebral palsy children. The experimental group was subjected to 20 to 30 minutes of SIT per session. two sessions a week for ten -week period. The effects of SIT were measured with respect to 9 sub-areas that can be administered to cerebral palsy children out of a total of 17 sub-areas in the Southern California Sensory Integration Test (SCSIT) developed by Ayres (1980). In addition. the scale developed by Russell (1993) for Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). and Perception Motor Development Test developed by 中司利一 et al.(1987) were also applied. Adaptive behavior was analyzed using guidelines in two unpublished documents - School-Age Checklist for Occupational Therapy by the Wakefield Occupational Therapy Associates, and the OTA-Watertown Clinical Assessment by the Watertown Occupational Therapy Associates-, and an author-developed Adaptive Behavior Checklist. Collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS PC for chi square test, Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and paired t-test. The results were as follows: 1. In sensory development, the experimental group exhibited a score increase compared to the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant, Although the experimental group showed improvements in all. 9 sub-areas compared to the control group, only right-left discrimination exhibited statistically significant change. 2. In gross motor development, the experimental group showed improvements in score compared to the control group, but it was not statistically significant. In fine motor development, the experimental group exhibited statistically significant improvements compared to the control group. In sub-area analysis, figure synthesis showed positive change. 3. In adaptive behavior development, post-experimental adaptive behavior scores were higher compared to pre-experimental scores with statistical significance. Furthermore, sub-areas emotional behavior, perception behavior, gross-fine motor function, oral-respiration function, motor behavior, motor planning, and adaptive response exhibited higher scores after SIT. In conclusion SIT was found to be partially effective in sensory and fine motor development, effective in all adaptive behavior areas, and not effective in gross motor development. Thus, this study has shown that SIT is an effective intervention for sensory development, fine motor development, and adaptive behavior for cerebral palsy children. But, for the effectiveness of SIT on gross motor development, further studies employing longer-time experiments are recommended.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.149-160
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects after having the obesity education with obese elementary school children. The subjects were made up of 31 obese children out of U elementary school in B town as experimental group, and also were selected 34 children out of S elementary school under the same circumstance as control group. They ranged from the third to sixth grades with over 30% body fat ratio. The proceeding of obesity education consisted of three stage; stage for preparation, stage for practice, and stage for finish. The stages mentioned above were put into practice in turn for eleven weeks beginning on Oct. 8, 2001 through Dec. 22, 2001, while two stages only, stage for preparation and finish, were put into practice on the control group. The contents of the education for eleven weeks obesity regulation contained counseling and taking regular exercises once a week by professional gym teacher. In order to evaluate the effects of the education, physical characteristics, body composition, physical fitness, knowledge of obesity, dietry habit and attitude were measured. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS program, the effects of pre and post obesity education in experimintal group were measured by paired-t test. The conclusions of this study were as follows : 1. Body fat ratio was significantly reduced after obesity education in experimintal group(p=.003). 2. The height with experimental group got taller remarkably(p=.000), but weight showed no signeficance after obesity education(p=.258). 3. Triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness showed remarkable decrese after obesity education(p=.000), percentage body fat and body fat amount got down remarkably after obesity education(p=.000). Percentage lean body mass and lean body mass amount got down remarkably after obesity education(p=.000). 4. Body flexibility, agility and muscle endurance graded up remarkably after obesity education(p=.009, p=.000, p=.000). 5. The grade in obesity knowledge got up remarkably after obesity education(p.000), but dietry habits and its life showed no significance in figures after obesity education(p=.335, p=.112). Through the results shown above, the obesity education caused body fat ratio, physique, body composition to grade up and physical fitness elevated, while dietry habits and its life showed no significance.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.29-43
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to calculate the economic effect of Women-Farmer's Center. Since 2001, The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry has run Women-Farmer's Centers in which women-farmers can receive the care for their pre-schooling children, after-school learning service, and city-farm exchange, education, and counseling. In other words, Women Farmer's Center provides not only improvement of ease and quality of life of women-farmer's, but also spreading economic effect to community and country. By calculation based on business plan of 14 centers that run centers, total economic income effects are 2,784 million won, which consist of 1,265 million won for counseling, 146 million won for the care of infants and children, 139 million won after-school learning, 1,020 million won for education, and 214 million won for city-farm exchange program. The Women-Farmer's Center should be managed reasonably with government support so that Women-Farmer's Center will become as a base camp for young women farmers to participate in agriculture and rural community and increase its economic effect for the nation in the future.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.139-168
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 분수의 곱셈에서 학생이 학교 수업을 받기 이전에 가지고 있는 비형식적 지식이 무엇인지를 알아보고, 그 지식을 형식화 할 수 있는 교수$\cdot$학습 방법을 추출하기 위해서 문헌 검토를 통해 6차시의 사전 교수$\cdot$학습안을 개발하고, 이를 바탕으로 초등학교 4학년 학생 7명에게 교수실험을 실시하였다. 교수실험 결과, 학생의 분수 곱셈에서의 비형식적 지식은 그림을 이용한 직접적 모델링 전략, 비형식적 언어에 의한 사고, 조작 가능한 수식에 의한 표상으로 나타났다. 또한, 교수실험과정에서 학생이 보인 반응을 분석하여 (분수)$\times$(자연수), (자연수)$\times$(분수), (단위분수)$\times$(단위분수), (진분수)$\times$(진분수)의 곱셈에서 비형식적 지식을 형식화하기 위한 교수$\cdot$학습 방법을 제시하였고, 이에 터하여 분수의 곱셈에서 학생의 비형식적 지식을 형식적 지식으로 연결하기 위한 교수$\cdot$학습 활동자료를 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 교수$\cdot$학습 활동자료는 학생이 가진 비형식적 지식에 기초하여 형식적 지식을 의미 있게 학습할 수 있도록 할뿐만 아니라 더 나아가 수학적 사고력과 긍정적인 수학 성향을 길러줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the effects of an empathy ability improvement program on empathy ability and parenting efficacy among mothers of elementary school students. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study using a pre-test/post-test control group design. The experimental group (n=23) completed an empathy ability improvement program, while 22 mothers were assigned to the control group. Pre-test and post-test analyses were conducted using the empathy ability scale and parenting efficacy scale. The data were analyzed using the $x^2$ test and test independent t-test. Results: The experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement in empathy ability (t=2.79, d=4.48, p=.008) and parenting efficacy (t=2.87, d=0.89, p=.006) in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that empathy education may be effective for improving empathy ability and parenting efficacy in mothers of school-age children.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2018

목적 : 학습지연을 동반한 ADHD성향을 지닌 아동에게 교육매체를 접목한 과제 중심 다감각운동 프로그램을 적용한 후 자아효능감과 쓰기능력의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 학습지연을 동반한 ADHD성향을 지닌 아동을 대상으로 과제 중심 다감각운동 프로그램을 실시하였다. 연구절차는 사전검사, 중재, 사후검사 순으로 진행되었다. 사전-사후검사로 자아효능감 및 KNISE-BAAT 쓰기검사 '가'형과 '나'형을 사용하였다. 중재는 총 8회기 동안 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS version 18 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 과제 중심 다감각운동 프로그램 적용 결과 자아효능감(학교, 사회), 쓰기능력(어휘구사력, 문장구사력)에 유의미한 향상이 나타났다. 결론 : 과제 중심 다감각운동 프로그램은 학습지연을 동반한 ADHD성향을 지닌 아동의 자아효능감 및 쓰기능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 유익한 중재방안으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 후속 연구에서는 교육매체를 접목한 과제 중심 다감각 운동 중재모형을 다양하게 구안할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 로봇학습에 기반한 제니보 프로그램이 유아의 정서에 미치는 효과를 밝히는 데 있다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 Y시 소재 유치원 2개 학급(교사 2명, 유아 44명)을 각각 실험집단과 비교집단으로 나눈 후, 실험집단을 대상으로 제니보를 이용하여, 5개의 메인메뉴로 구성된 20개의 하위 콘텐츠를 적용하였다. 두 집단을 대상으로 정서지능 평가검사를 사전 사후로 실시한 후, SPSS 18.0 통계분석프로그램을 이용한 t-검증과 관찰이 이루어졌다. 연구결과 첫째, 제니보는 유아의 정서에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 정서지능의 4가지 영역(정서인식 및 표현, 사고 촉진, 지식의 활용, 반영적 조절)에서 모두 유의미한 변화를 보였다. 둘째, 생체모방형 로봇은 동물이 수업에 친근하게 사용되는 것과 같이 유아에게 친근하게 다가갈 수 있었다. 셋째, 남아가 여아보다 로봇을 선호하는 경향이 강하다는 기존의 연구들과는 달리 제니보는 남녀유아 모두의 정서에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 연구결과는 유아를 위한 새로운 교육방법으로서 로봇의 도입을 긍정적으로 검토를 할 수 있고, 친숙한 동물형태의 생체모방형 로봇이 효과적으로 활용될 수 있으며, 로봇의 활용은 유아의 성별보다 개인적인 성향과 발달수준 등에 의해 고려되어야 함을 시사한다.