• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2014

Automatic segmentation of foreground text from the background in degraded document images is very much essential for the smooth reading of the document content and recognition tasks by machine. In this paper, we present a novel approach to the binarization of degraded document images. The proposed method uses a new local contrast feature extracted based on the stroke width of text. First, a pre-processing method is carried out for noise removal. Text boundary detection is then performed on the image constructed from the contrast feature. Then local estimation follows to extract text from the background. Finally, a refinement procedure is applied to the binarized image as a post-processing step to improve the quality of the final results. Experiments and comparisons of extracting text from degraded handwriting and machine-printed document image against some well-known binarization algorithms demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2012

선지보 네일공법은 터널의 굴착 전에 지반을 보강하므로 기존 지보시스템에 의한 NATM공법에 비해 굴착과정에서 변위를 최소화할 수 있어 안정성과 시공효율을 높일 수 있는 장점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 지하수위가 높고 미고결지반으로 구성된 천층터널에 대해 선지보 네일공법의 적용성을 현장계측관리 사례을 통해 연구하였으며, 지반보강개념에서 선지보 네일공법의 메카니즘과 기존 지보시스템의 메카니즘을 비교 분석하였다. 상하분할 굴착과정에서 굴착단계별 변위증폭이 뚜렷이 관찰되는 기존 지보시스템에 비해 선지보 네일공법은 초기변위 이후 단계굴착별 변위증폭량이 작고 이내 수렴되는 경향을 보여 다단굴착으로 인한 영향이 미미한 것으로 분석되었다. 선지보 네일공법은 종래 NATM공법과 비교할 때 단계굴착 시 응력변화에 대해 민감하고 아칭효과가 발생되지 않는 취약한 지반 즉, 토사터널인 천층터널에서 그 적용성이 뛰어난 것으로 판단된다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.248-253
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• 2012

Maxillary obturator prosthesis is the most frequent treatment option for management of partial or total maxillectomy. Heavy weight of the obturators is often a dislocating factor. Hollowing the prosthesis to reduce its weight is the well established fact. The alternate technique to hollow-out the prosthesis has been described in this article which is a variation of previously described processing techniques. A pre-shaped wax-bolus was incorporated inside the flasks during packing of the heat-polymerized acrylic resin to automatically create the hollow space. The processing technique described is a single step flasking procedure to construct a closed-hollow-obturator prosthesis as a single unit. To best understand the technique, this article describes management of a patient who had undergone partial maxillectomy secondary to squamous cell carcinoma rehabilitated with a hollow-obturator prosthesis.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.540-553
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• 2023

The hollow letter CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is an optimized version of solid CAPTCHA, specifically designed to weaken characteristic information and increase the difficulty of machine recognition. Although convolutional neural networks can solve CAPTCHA in a single step, a good attack result heavily relies on sufficient training data. To address this challenge, we propose a seed filling algorithm that converts hollow characters to solid ones after contour line restoration and applies three rounds of detection to remove noise background by eliminating noise blocks. Subsequently, we utilize a support vector machine to construct a feature vector for recognition. Security analysis and experiments show the effectiveness of this algorithm during the pre-processing stage, providing favorable conditions for subsequent recognition tasks and enhancing the accuracy of recognition for hollow CAPTCHA.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.116-123
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• 2008

Kiln schedule development was based on two schedule phases, the first being to determine the maximum safe kiln temperature during the check prone initial stage of drying, with the second stage determining how to accelerate drying once the danger of checking had passed. This was achieved by using 38 mm thick boards which were pre-screened for susceptibility to internal checking, and then drying matched sample boards over a range of kiln temperatures. Research has shown that below 50% MC there is no further risk of internal checking. However, difference in drying rate due to board width and the increased occurrence of wet patches in wide boards means that it is essential to modify the basic schedule according to the maximum board width. A condition of 52/40 $^{\circ}C$ was selected for the checking-free initial kiln drying step and a 5-step kiln-schedule dried the boards from 109% to 8% MC for 72.5 hours without internal checking.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.69-72
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a method to track the movement of camera from the video sequences. This method is useful for video analysis and can be applied as pre-processing step in some application such as video stabilizer and marker-less augmented reality. First, we extract the features in each frame using corner point detection. The features in current frame are then compared with the features in the adjacent frames to calculate the optical flow which represents the relative movement of the camera. The optical flow is then analyzed to obtain camera movement parameter. The final step is camera movement estimation and correction to increase the accuracy. The method performance is verified by generating a 3D map of camera movement and embedding 3D object to the video. The demonstrated examples in this paper show that this method has a high accuracy and rarely produce any jitter.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2023

Face recognition is a very important process in video monitoring and is a type of biometric technology. It is mainly used for identification and security purposes, such as ID cards, licenses, and passports. The recognition process has many variables and is complex, so development has been slow. In this paper, we proposed a face recognition method using CNN, which has been re-examined due to the recent development of computers and algorithms, and compared with the feature comparison method, which is an existing face recognition algorithm, to verify performance. The proposed face search method is divided into a face region extraction step and a learning step. For learning, face images were standardized to 50×50 pixels, and learning was conducted while minimizing unnecessary nodes. In this paper, convolution and polling-based techniques, which are one of the deep learning technologies, were used for learning, and 1,000 face images were randomly selected from among 7,000 images of Caltech, and as a result of inspection, the final recognition rate was 98%.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

볼륨 렌더링 기술이 실제 응용 분야에서 널리 사용되기 위해서는 사용자가 3차원 데이터에 내재되어 있는 의미있는 정보를 쉽게 찾을 수 있도록 대화식으로 분류 파라미터를 조절하고 그 결과 영상을 빠른 속도로 가시화시켜 주는 것이 필요하다. 이제까지 제시된 볼륨 렌더링의 가속화 방법은 전처리 과정으로 비균등한 볼륨 데이터를 균등한 볼륨으로 재구성하고 분류 작업을 수행한 후, 실행시간에 렌더링을 빠르게 수행하는데 주안점을 두고 있다. 그러나 이러한 방법은 전처리 시간이 길어지고 사용자가 실행시간에 대화식으로 분류 파라미터를 지정하여 그 결과 영상을 피이드백 받을 수 없는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 별도의 하드웨어 없이 범용 컴퓨터 상에서 대화식으로 분류 및 렌더링을 수행할 수 있는 가시화 방법을 제안한다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.191-199
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• 2006

본 논문은 심리음향 모델 II(PAM II)를 기반으로 한 MPEG 오디오 코더에 대해서 효율적으로 프리 에코(pre echo)를 제어하는 알고리듬을 제안한다. 프리 에코 제어는 PAM II에서 마스킹 임계값 계산의 마지막 단계로써, 현재 프레임에 대해서 발생하는 양자화 오차를 최소화시키는 역할을 한다. 기존에 부호화기에서 프리 에코는 추정되는 마스킹 임계치가 이전 프레임에서 얻어진 값을 넘지 않도록 제한함으로써 결정된다. 기존의 방법에서 사용되는 프리 에코 제어는 단구간 블록(short block)은 물론 장구간 블록(long block)에 대해서도 사용되는데, 이는 마스킹 임계값을 불필요하게 떨어뜨려 전체적인 양자화 잡음 레벨을 높이는 문제를 발생시킨다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 효율적인 프리 에코 제어 과정을 제안하였다. 음질 테스트 결과에서 변화가 심한 오디오 신호에 대해서 ITU R 테스트를 시행한 결과 제안된 방법이 평균적으로 0.4점 이상 개선된 결과를 보였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2022

In natural language processing, commonly used words such as prepositions are referred to as stop-words; they have no inherent meaning and are therefore ignored in indexing and retrieval tasks. The removal of stop-words from Arabic text has a significant impact in terms of reducing the size of a cor- pus text, which leads to an improvement in the effectiveness and performance of Arabic-language processing systems. This study investigated the effectiveness of applying a stop-word lists elimination with normalization as a preprocessing step. The idea was to merge statistical method with the linguistic method to attain the best efficacy, and comparing the effects of this two-pronged approach in reducing corpus size for Ara- bic natural language processing systems. Three stop-word lists were considered: an Arabic Text Lookup Stop-list, Frequency- based Stop-list using Zipf's law, and Combined Stop-list. An experiment was conducted using a selected file from the Arabic Newswire data set. In the experiment, the size of the cor- pus was compared after removing the words contained in each list. The results showed that the best reduction in size was achieved by using the Combined Stop-list with normalization, with a word count reduction of 452930 and a compression rate of 30%.